Davranışsal İktisat ve Zamanlararası Tercih: Tasarruf Davranışı Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Olası sonuçları zamanın farklı dönemlerinde görülen kararlar zamanlararası tercihe tabidir. Zamanlararası tercihte ise bugünkü fayda/maliyet ile gelecekteki fayda/maliyet arasında tercih söz konusudur. Buna göre tasarrufu,  şimdiki tüketim hazzından vazgeçme ile gelecekte elde edilecek fayda arasında yapılan bir zamanlararası tercih olarak tanımlamak mümkündür. Öyleyse  kişilerin tasarruf kararlarında zamanı nasıl indirgedikleri, başka bir deyişle zaman tercihleri etkili olmaktadır. Tasarrufun çoğunlukla yaşam döngüsü hipotezi ve dolayısıyla üssel indirgenmiş fayda modeli doğrultusunda çalışıldığı görülmekle birlikte, son yıllarda davranışsal iktisadın ortaya koyduğu bulgularla, modelin çıkarımlarının geçerliliği ve yeterliliği sorgulanır hale gelmektedir. Söz konusu bulgulardan özellikle hiperbolik indirgeme ve otokontrolün tasarruf davranışını açıklamada önemli bir rol oynadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Böylece davranışsal iktisat zamanlararası tercih analizi üzerinden tasarrufu yeniden betimlerken, önerdiği politikalar da farklılaşmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, davranışsal iktisadın zamanlararası tercih analizi üzerinden tasarruf davranışını nasıl ele aldığını ortaya koyarak, ilgili model ve politika önerilerini değerlendirmeye çalışmaktır. 

Keywords

• Tasarruf Davranışı,Zamanlararası Tercih,Davranışsal İktisat

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