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On the Parameter Stability For Money Demand Function In Turkish Economy

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 1398 - 1407, 23.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1583160

Öz

Analyzing the money demand function has been a long-standing topic of debate in the literature. In particular, the developments in the money markets following the recent financial turmoil have led to a revival of interest in the estimation of the money demand function in the execution of monetary policy aimed at price stability. Considering the institutional and structural changes in the Turkish economy, it can be stated that the relationship between the variables explaining the money supply and money demand has changed. Therefore, both the long-term analysis of the money demand function and the estimation of the stability of the variables become important. In this context, the aim of the study is to analyze the money demand function in the Turkish economy for the period 2006:Q1-2023:Q1 using the Kejriwal, Perron and Yu (2022) method, which tests partial parameter stability in cointegrated regression models with multiple structural breaks. Two functional forms as constrained and unconstrained models for estimating the money demand function have been estimated. In the estimated models, 2018:Q2 is the structural break period. According to the empirical findings in both models and sub-regimes, the income elasticity of money demand is statistically significant and positive. The results show that income elasticity increased post-break compared to the period pre-break period. The interest elasticity of money demand is statistically significant and negative. It showed significant variability in the estimated subperiods. The interest elasticity of money demand increased in the post-break period compared to the pre-break period.

Kaynakça

  • Abdulkheir. A. Y. (2013). An analytical study of the demand for money in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Economics and Finance. 5(4), 31-38.
  • Aggarwal. S. (2016). Determinants of money demand for India in presence of structural break: An empirical analysis. Business and Economic Horizons. 12(4), 173-177.
  • Algan. N. & Gencer. A. G. S. (2011). Türkiye’de para talebi fonksiyonunun modellenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 20(1), 195-211.
  • Alsamara. M. & Mrabet. Z. (2019). Asymmetric impacts of foreign exchange rate on the demand for money in Turkey: new evidence from nonlinear ARDL. International Economics and Economic Policy, 16, 335-356.
  • Arai, Y., & Kurozumi, E. (2007). Testing for the null hypothesis of cointegration with a structural break. Econometric Reviews, 26(6), 705-739.
  • Azimi. M. N. (2023). Re-examining money demand function for South Asian economies. Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 8(1), 100546.
  • Azim Özdemir. K. & Saygılı. M. (2013). Economic uncertainty and money demand stability in Turkey. Journal of Economic Studies. 40(3). 314-333.
  • Bae. Y. & De Jong. R. M. (2007). Money demand function estimation by nonlinear cointegration. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 22(4). 767-793.
  • Bhatta. S. R. (2013). Stability of money demand function in Nepal. Banking Journal, 3(1), 1-27.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. & Economidou. C. (2005). How stable is the demand for money in Greece?. International Economic Journal, 19(3), 461-472.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. Halicioglu. F. & Bahmani. S. (2017). Do exchange rate changes have symmetric or asymmetric effects on the demand for money in Turkey?. Applied Economics, 49(42), 4261-4270.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. Kones. A. & Kutan. A. (2016). Policy uncertainty and the demand for money in the United States. Applied Economics Quarterly, (1), 37-49.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. & Karacal. M. (2006). The demand for money in Turkey and currency substitution. Applied Economics Letters, 13(10), 635-642.
  • Barnett. W. A. Ghosh. T. & Adil. M. H. (2022). Is money demand really unstable? Evidence from Divisia monetary aggregates. Economic Analysis and Policy, 74, 606-622.
  • Bayır. M. (2020). Türkiye’de Para Talebinin Belirleyicileri Ve İstikrari Üzerine Ampirik Bir Analiz. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi. 16(1). 62-74.
  • Bayram. O. & Uca. H. F. (2019). Türkiye’de para talebi fonksiyonunun belirlenmesi. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. (59). 1-12.
  • Benati. L. Lucas Jr. R. E. Nicolini. J. P. & Weber. W. (2021). International evidence on long-run money demand. Journal of monetary economics. 117, 43-63.
  • Benchimol, J., & Qureshi, I. (2020). Time-varying money demand and real balance effects. Economic Modelling, 87, 197-211.
  • Beyer. A. Fischer. B. and von Landesberger. J. (2010). ‘Money Demand Stability and the Role of Money’. in: L. D. Papademos and J. Stark (eds.) Enhancing Monetary Analysis. Frankfurt am Main. European Central Bank. pp. 156–163.
  • Bissoondeeal. R. Karoglou. M. & Mullineux. A. (2014). Breaks in the UK household sector money demand function. The Manchester School, 82, 47-68.
  • Canova. F. & Menz. T. (2011). Does money matter in shaping domestic business cycles? An international investigation. Journal of Money. Credit and Banking, 43(4), 577-607.
  • Capasso. S. & Napolitano. O. (2012). Testing for the stability of money demand in Italy: has the Euro influenced the monetary transmission mechanism?. Applied Economics. 44(24). 3121-3133.
  • Civcir. I. (2003). Money demand. financial liberalization and currency substitution in Turkey. Journal of Economic Studies. 30(5). 514-534.
  • Çatık. A. N. (2007). Yapısal kırılma altında para talebinin istikrarı: Türkiye örneği. Iktisat Isletme ve Finans. 22(251). 103-113.
  • Dritsaki. M. & Dritsaki. C. (2022). Long-run stability of money demand and monetary policy: The case of South Korea. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 12(5), 296-316.
  • Dou. X. (2018). The determinants of money demand in China. Cogent Economics & Finance. 6(1). 1564422.
  • Elyasiani, E., & Movaghari, H. (2024). Money demand function with time-varying coefficients. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 98, 101914.
  • Ertürk. E. & Kar. B. B. (2021). Para Talebi Tahmini Ve Para İkamesi: Türkiye İçin Yapisal Kirilmali Testlerle Ampirik Bir Analiz. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(1), 91-110.
  • Gencer. S. & Arisoy. I. (2013). Türkiye'de Uzun Dönem Genis Para (M2Y) Talebinin Tahmini: Zamanla Degisen Katsayilar Yönteminden Bulgular. Ege Akademik Bakis, 13(4), 515.
  • Halicioglu. F. & Ugur. M. (2005). On stability of the demand for money in a developing OECD country: the case of Turkey. Global Business and Economics Review, 7(2-3), 203-213.
  • Jawadi. F. & Sousa. R. M. (2013). Modelling money demand: further evidence from an international comparison. Applied Economics Letters. 20(11). 1052-1055.
  • Kejriwal, M. (2008). Cointegration with structural breaks: An application to the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle. Studies in nonlinear dynamics & econometrics, 12(1).
  • Kejriwal. M. & Perron. P. (2010). Testing for multiple structural changes in cointegrated regression models. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics. 28(4). 503-522.
  • Kejriwal. M. Perron. P. & Yu. X. (2022). A two‐step procedure for testing partial parameter stability in cointegrated regression models. Journal of Time Series Analysis. 43(2). 219-237.
  • Kia, A. (2024). Demand for Money in the United States: Stability and Forward-Looking Tests. Economies, 12(2), 49.
  • Kjosevski. J. Petkovski. M. & Naumovska. E. (2016). The stability of long-run money demand in western balkan countries: An empirical panel investigation. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 11(2), 61-70.
  • Korkmaz. A. & Topbaş. F. (2017). On the stability of the demand for money in Turkey: Evidences from the period 2006-2017. Eurasian Academy of Sciences Eurasian Econometrics. Statistics & Emprical Economics Journal, 8, 28-44.
  • Kumar. S. & Webber. D. J. (2013). Australasian money demand stability: Application of structural break tests. Applied Economics. 45(8). 1011-1025.
  • Lucas. R. E. Jr (1988). Money Demand in the United States: A Quantitative Review. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 29, 137–168.
  • Mallick. S. K. & Mohsin. M. (2010). On the real effects of inflation in open economies: theory and empirics. Empirical Economics. 39. 643-673.
  • Maravic. J. & Palic. M. (2005). Econometric analysis of money demand in Serbia. National Bank of Serbia. 1-22.
  • Mike. F. (2021). Türkiye için (açık ekonomi) para talebi fonksiyonu istikrarlı mı? Çoklu yapısal kırılmalı eşbütünleşme analizinden yeni bulgular. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 14(1). 196-206.
  • Mutluer. D. & Barlas. Y. (2012). Modeling the Turkish broad money demand. Central Bank Review. 2(2). 55-75.
  • Nelson. E. (2008). Why money growth determines inflation in the long run: Answering the Woodford critique. Journal of Money. Credit and Banking. 40(8). 1791-1814.
  • Özcan. B. & Arı. A. (2013). Para talebinin belirleyenleri ve istikrarı üzerine bir uygulama: Türkiye örneği. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 20(2), 105-120.
  • Papademos. L. & Stark. J. (Eds.). (2010). Enhancing monetary analysis. Frankfurt: European Central Bank.
  • Rognlie, M. (2016). What lower bound? Monetary policy with negative interest rates. Unpublished manuscript, 50.
  • Setzer. R. & Wolff. G. B. (2013). Money demand in the euro area: new insights from disaggregated data. International Economics and Economic Policy. 10. 297-315.
  • Singh. P. & Pandey. M. K. (2010). Financial innovation and stability of money demand function in post–reform period in India. Economics Bulletin. 30(4). 2895-2905.
  • Stock. J. H. & Watson. M. W. (1993). A simple estimator of cointegrating vectors in higher order integrated systems. Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society. 783-820.
  • Tian. J. & Anderson. H. M. (2014). Forecast combinations under structural break uncertainty. International Journal of Forecasting, 30(1), 161-175.
  • Zuo. H. & Park. S. Y. (2011). Money demand in China and time-varying cointegration. China Economic Review, 22(3), 330-343.

Türkiye Ekonomisinde Para Talebi Fonksiyonu İçin Parametre İstikrarlılık Tahmini

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 1398 - 1407, 23.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1583160

Öz

Para talebi fonksiyonunun analiz edilmesi literatürde uzun ama sürekli bir tartışma konusu olmuştur. Özellikle son dönemde yaşanan finansal çalkantıların ardından para piyasalarında yaşanan gelişmelerle merkez bankalarının fiyat istikrarını hedefleyen para politikasının yürütülmesinde para talebine yönelik araştırma ilginin yeniden canlanmasına yol açmıştır. Türkiye ekonomisinde kurumsal ve yapısal dönüşümler dikkate alındığında para arzı ile para talebini açıklayan değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin değiştiği söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, yapısal değişimlerin varlığında 2006:Q1-2023:Q1 dönemi için hem para talebi fonksiyonunun tahmini hem de para talebi ile gelir ve faiz oranı arasında istikrarlı bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını geleneksel eşbütünleşme yaklaşımlarından ayrılarak çoklu yapısal kırılmalarla birlikte eşbütünleşik regresyon modellerinde kısmi parametre istikrarlılığını test eden Kejriwal, Perron ve Yu (2022) yöntemini kullanarak analiz etmektir. Para talebi fonksiyonunun tahmin edilmesine yönelik olarak kısıtlı ve kısıtsız model olarak iki fonksiyonel form tahmin edilmiştir. Tahmin edilen modellerde 2018:Q2 döneminde rejim değişikliği tespit edilmiştir. Her iki model ve alt rejimlerdeki ampirik bulgulara göre para talebinin gelir esnekliği istatiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitiftir. Sonuçlar, gelir esnekliğinin ilk rejime göre ikinci rejimde arttığını göstermektedir. Para talebinin faiz esnekliğine ilişkin bulgular ise istatiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatiftir. Tahmin edilen alt dönemlerde önemli değişkenlik göstermiştir. Para talebinin faize karşı duyarlılığı ikinci rejimde birinci rejime göre artış göstermiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abdulkheir. A. Y. (2013). An analytical study of the demand for money in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Economics and Finance. 5(4), 31-38.
  • Aggarwal. S. (2016). Determinants of money demand for India in presence of structural break: An empirical analysis. Business and Economic Horizons. 12(4), 173-177.
  • Algan. N. & Gencer. A. G. S. (2011). Türkiye’de para talebi fonksiyonunun modellenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 20(1), 195-211.
  • Alsamara. M. & Mrabet. Z. (2019). Asymmetric impacts of foreign exchange rate on the demand for money in Turkey: new evidence from nonlinear ARDL. International Economics and Economic Policy, 16, 335-356.
  • Arai, Y., & Kurozumi, E. (2007). Testing for the null hypothesis of cointegration with a structural break. Econometric Reviews, 26(6), 705-739.
  • Azimi. M. N. (2023). Re-examining money demand function for South Asian economies. Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 8(1), 100546.
  • Azim Özdemir. K. & Saygılı. M. (2013). Economic uncertainty and money demand stability in Turkey. Journal of Economic Studies. 40(3). 314-333.
  • Bae. Y. & De Jong. R. M. (2007). Money demand function estimation by nonlinear cointegration. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 22(4). 767-793.
  • Bhatta. S. R. (2013). Stability of money demand function in Nepal. Banking Journal, 3(1), 1-27.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. & Economidou. C. (2005). How stable is the demand for money in Greece?. International Economic Journal, 19(3), 461-472.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. Halicioglu. F. & Bahmani. S. (2017). Do exchange rate changes have symmetric or asymmetric effects on the demand for money in Turkey?. Applied Economics, 49(42), 4261-4270.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. Kones. A. & Kutan. A. (2016). Policy uncertainty and the demand for money in the United States. Applied Economics Quarterly, (1), 37-49.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee. M. & Karacal. M. (2006). The demand for money in Turkey and currency substitution. Applied Economics Letters, 13(10), 635-642.
  • Barnett. W. A. Ghosh. T. & Adil. M. H. (2022). Is money demand really unstable? Evidence from Divisia monetary aggregates. Economic Analysis and Policy, 74, 606-622.
  • Bayır. M. (2020). Türkiye’de Para Talebinin Belirleyicileri Ve İstikrari Üzerine Ampirik Bir Analiz. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi. 16(1). 62-74.
  • Bayram. O. & Uca. H. F. (2019). Türkiye’de para talebi fonksiyonunun belirlenmesi. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. (59). 1-12.
  • Benati. L. Lucas Jr. R. E. Nicolini. J. P. & Weber. W. (2021). International evidence on long-run money demand. Journal of monetary economics. 117, 43-63.
  • Benchimol, J., & Qureshi, I. (2020). Time-varying money demand and real balance effects. Economic Modelling, 87, 197-211.
  • Beyer. A. Fischer. B. and von Landesberger. J. (2010). ‘Money Demand Stability and the Role of Money’. in: L. D. Papademos and J. Stark (eds.) Enhancing Monetary Analysis. Frankfurt am Main. European Central Bank. pp. 156–163.
  • Bissoondeeal. R. Karoglou. M. & Mullineux. A. (2014). Breaks in the UK household sector money demand function. The Manchester School, 82, 47-68.
  • Canova. F. & Menz. T. (2011). Does money matter in shaping domestic business cycles? An international investigation. Journal of Money. Credit and Banking, 43(4), 577-607.
  • Capasso. S. & Napolitano. O. (2012). Testing for the stability of money demand in Italy: has the Euro influenced the monetary transmission mechanism?. Applied Economics. 44(24). 3121-3133.
  • Civcir. I. (2003). Money demand. financial liberalization and currency substitution in Turkey. Journal of Economic Studies. 30(5). 514-534.
  • Çatık. A. N. (2007). Yapısal kırılma altında para talebinin istikrarı: Türkiye örneği. Iktisat Isletme ve Finans. 22(251). 103-113.
  • Dritsaki. M. & Dritsaki. C. (2022). Long-run stability of money demand and monetary policy: The case of South Korea. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 12(5), 296-316.
  • Dou. X. (2018). The determinants of money demand in China. Cogent Economics & Finance. 6(1). 1564422.
  • Elyasiani, E., & Movaghari, H. (2024). Money demand function with time-varying coefficients. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 98, 101914.
  • Ertürk. E. & Kar. B. B. (2021). Para Talebi Tahmini Ve Para İkamesi: Türkiye İçin Yapisal Kirilmali Testlerle Ampirik Bir Analiz. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(1), 91-110.
  • Gencer. S. & Arisoy. I. (2013). Türkiye'de Uzun Dönem Genis Para (M2Y) Talebinin Tahmini: Zamanla Degisen Katsayilar Yönteminden Bulgular. Ege Akademik Bakis, 13(4), 515.
  • Halicioglu. F. & Ugur. M. (2005). On stability of the demand for money in a developing OECD country: the case of Turkey. Global Business and Economics Review, 7(2-3), 203-213.
  • Jawadi. F. & Sousa. R. M. (2013). Modelling money demand: further evidence from an international comparison. Applied Economics Letters. 20(11). 1052-1055.
  • Kejriwal, M. (2008). Cointegration with structural breaks: An application to the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle. Studies in nonlinear dynamics & econometrics, 12(1).
  • Kejriwal. M. & Perron. P. (2010). Testing for multiple structural changes in cointegrated regression models. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics. 28(4). 503-522.
  • Kejriwal. M. Perron. P. & Yu. X. (2022). A two‐step procedure for testing partial parameter stability in cointegrated regression models. Journal of Time Series Analysis. 43(2). 219-237.
  • Kia, A. (2024). Demand for Money in the United States: Stability and Forward-Looking Tests. Economies, 12(2), 49.
  • Kjosevski. J. Petkovski. M. & Naumovska. E. (2016). The stability of long-run money demand in western balkan countries: An empirical panel investigation. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 11(2), 61-70.
  • Korkmaz. A. & Topbaş. F. (2017). On the stability of the demand for money in Turkey: Evidences from the period 2006-2017. Eurasian Academy of Sciences Eurasian Econometrics. Statistics & Emprical Economics Journal, 8, 28-44.
  • Kumar. S. & Webber. D. J. (2013). Australasian money demand stability: Application of structural break tests. Applied Economics. 45(8). 1011-1025.
  • Lucas. R. E. Jr (1988). Money Demand in the United States: A Quantitative Review. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 29, 137–168.
  • Mallick. S. K. & Mohsin. M. (2010). On the real effects of inflation in open economies: theory and empirics. Empirical Economics. 39. 643-673.
  • Maravic. J. & Palic. M. (2005). Econometric analysis of money demand in Serbia. National Bank of Serbia. 1-22.
  • Mike. F. (2021). Türkiye için (açık ekonomi) para talebi fonksiyonu istikrarlı mı? Çoklu yapısal kırılmalı eşbütünleşme analizinden yeni bulgular. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 14(1). 196-206.
  • Mutluer. D. & Barlas. Y. (2012). Modeling the Turkish broad money demand. Central Bank Review. 2(2). 55-75.
  • Nelson. E. (2008). Why money growth determines inflation in the long run: Answering the Woodford critique. Journal of Money. Credit and Banking. 40(8). 1791-1814.
  • Özcan. B. & Arı. A. (2013). Para talebinin belirleyenleri ve istikrarı üzerine bir uygulama: Türkiye örneği. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 20(2), 105-120.
  • Papademos. L. & Stark. J. (Eds.). (2010). Enhancing monetary analysis. Frankfurt: European Central Bank.
  • Rognlie, M. (2016). What lower bound? Monetary policy with negative interest rates. Unpublished manuscript, 50.
  • Setzer. R. & Wolff. G. B. (2013). Money demand in the euro area: new insights from disaggregated data. International Economics and Economic Policy. 10. 297-315.
  • Singh. P. & Pandey. M. K. (2010). Financial innovation and stability of money demand function in post–reform period in India. Economics Bulletin. 30(4). 2895-2905.
  • Stock. J. H. & Watson. M. W. (1993). A simple estimator of cointegrating vectors in higher order integrated systems. Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society. 783-820.
  • Tian. J. & Anderson. H. M. (2014). Forecast combinations under structural break uncertainty. International Journal of Forecasting, 30(1), 161-175.
  • Zuo. H. & Park. S. Y. (2011). Money demand in China and time-varying cointegration. China Economic Review, 22(3), 330-343.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Para Politikası
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Almıla Burgaç Çil 0000-0002-9481-8799

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 11 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Burgaç Çil, A. (2024). Türkiye Ekonomisinde Para Talebi Fonksiyonu İçin Parametre İstikrarlılık Tahmini. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 8(4), 1398-1407. https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1583160

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