Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends

Ezgi Doğan; Ferhan Şahin

doi:10.17275/per.24.96.11.6

EN

Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a burgeoning field in education, characterized by rapid growth and diverse research interests. This study employs bibliometric analysis to explore the landscape of AI research in education, focusing on studies indexed in the Web of Science (WOS) database. A comprehensive search identified 1383 articles published between 1981 and 2024, which were analysed using the Bibliometrix R package. The analysis encompassed performance analysis, science mapping, and network analysis, yielding visualizations such as annual scientific production trends, most cited documents, and thematic maps. Key findings reveal a substantial increase in AI research from 2022 onwards, underscoring a shift towards longitudinal studies to track AI's evolution and impacts in educational contexts. Ethical considerations, data privacy, and societal implications emerged as critical areas requiring further investigation. While early studies focused on intelligent tutoring systems, contemporary research highlights topics like ChatGPT, machine learning, and higher education. The interdisciplinary nature of AI in education is evident through its publication in journals spanning educational technology and related fields. Future research directions emphasize the need for comprehensive studies addressing ethical frameworks and guidelines for responsible AI integration in education. Bridging technological advancements with pedagogical strategies is essential for developing integrative models that enhance personalized learning and educational outcomes. Ongoing bibliometric analyses will play a pivotal role in identifying emerging trends and guiding future research endeavours in AI and education.

Keywords

artificial intelligence, bibliometrics, education, network analysis, performance analysis, science mapping

Ethical Statement

This study does not contain any studies with human participants and/or animals performed by any of the authors.

References

Amarathunga, B. (2024). ChatGPT in education: unveiling frontiers and future directions through systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. Asian Education and Development Studies, 13(5), 412-431. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-05-2024-0101
Andersen, N. (2021). Mapping the expatriate literature: A bibliometric review of the field from 1998 to 2017 and identification of current research fronts. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(22), 4687-4724. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1661267
Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
Arruda, H., Silva, E. R., Lessa, M., Proença Jr, D., & Bartholo, R. (2022). VOSviewer and bibliometrix. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA, 110(3), 392. https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2022.1434
Azevedo, R., Moos, D. C., Greene, J. A., Winters, F. I., & Cromley, J. G. (2008). Why is externally-facilitated regulated learning more effective than self-regulated learning with hypermedia?. Educational Technology Research and Development, 56, 45-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-007-9067-0
Bower, M., Torrington, J., Lai, J. W., Petocz, P., & Alfano, M. (2024). How should we change teaching and assessment in response to increasingly powerful generative Artificial Intelligence? Outcomes of the ChatGPT teacher survey. Education and Information Technologies, 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12405-0
Briner, R. B., and Denyer, D. (2012). “Systematic review and evidence synthesis as a practice and scholarship tool,” in Handbook of evidence-based management: companies, classrooms and research, ed. D. M. Rousseau (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 112–129. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199763986.013.0007
Broadus, R. N. (1987). Toward a definition of “bibliometrics”. Scientometrics, 12(5–6), 373–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02016680
Chai, C. S., Lin, P. Y., Jong, M. S. Y., Dai, Y., Chiu, T. K., & Qin, J. (2021). Perceptions of and behavioral intentions towards learning artificial intelligence in primary school students. Educational Technology & Society, 24(3), 89-101. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27032858
Chatterjee, S., & Bhattacharjee, K. K. (2020). Adoption of artificial intelligence in higher education: A quantitative analysis using structural equation modelling. Education and Information Technologies, 25, 3443-3463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10159-7

Chiu, T. K. F., Xia, Q., Zhou, X., Chai, C. S., & Cheng, M. (2023). Systematic literature review on opportunities, challenges, and future research recommendations of artificial intelligence in education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence,4, 100118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100118
Chocarro, R., Cortiñas, M., & Marcos-Matás, G. (2023). Teachers’ attitudes towards chatbots in education: a technology acceptance model approach considering the effect of social language, bot proactiveness, and users’ characteristics. Educational Studies, 49(2), 295-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2020.1850426
Chou, C. Y., Chan, T. W., & Lin, C. J. (2003). Redefining the learning companion: the past, present, and future of educational agents. Computers & Education, 40(3), 255-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1315(02)00130-6
Cobo, M. J., López-Herrera, A. G., Herrera-Viedma, E., & Herrera, F. (2011). An approach for detecting, quantifying, and visualizing the evolution of a research field: A practical application to the Fuzzy Sets Theory field. Journal of Informetrics, 5(1), 146-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2010.10.002
Cooper, G. (2023). Examining science education in ChatGPT: An exploratory study of generative artificial intelligence. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 32(3), 444-452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-023-10039-y
Cotton, D. R. E., Cotton, P. A., & Shipway, J. R. (2023). Chatting and cheating: Ensuring academic integrity in the era of ChatGPT. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 61(2), 228–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2023.2190148
Delgado, H. O. K., de Azevedo Fay, A., Sebastiany, M. J., & Silva, A. D. C. (2020). Artificial intelligence adaptive learning tools: the teaching of English in focus. BELT-Brazilian English Language Teaching Journal, 11(2), e38749. https://doi.org/10.15448/2178-3640.2020.2.38749
Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
Emin, C., Kayri, M., & Doğan, E. (2024). Examining the Influence of Narcissism and Some Demographic Variables on Online Shopping Addiction via the Exhaustive CHAID Method. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01273-5
Faria, L., Silva, A., Vale, Z., & Marques, A. (2009). Training control centers' operators in incident diagnosis and power restoration using intelligent tutoring systems. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2(2), 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2009.16
Farrokhnia, M., Banihashem, S. K., Noroozi, O., & Wals, A. (2023). A SWOT analysis of ChatGPT: Implications for educational practice and research. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 61(3), 460–474. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2023.2195846
Fyfe, P. (2023). How to cheat on your final paper: Assigning AI for student writing. AI & Society, 38(4), 1395–1405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01397-z
García, P., Amandi, A., Schiaffino, S., & Campo, M. (2007). Evaluating Bayesian networks’ precision for detecting students’ learning styles. Computers & Education, 49(3), 794-808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2005.11.017
Goralski, M. A., & Tan, T. K. (2020). Artificial intelligence and sustainable development. The International Journal of Management Education, 18(1), 100330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.100330
Guo, S., Zheng, Y., & Zhai, X. (2024). Artificial intelligence in education research during 2013–2023: A review based on bibliometric analysis. Education and Information Technologies, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12491-8
Halff, H. M. (1986). Instructional applications of artificial intelligence. Educational Leadership, 43(6), 24-31.
Haque, M. U., Dharmadasa, I., Sworna, Z. T., Rajapakse, R. N., & Ahmad, H. (2022). " I think this is the most disruptive technology": Exploring Sentiments of ChatGPT Early Adopters using Twitter Data. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.05856. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.05856
Hinojo-Lucena, F. J., Aznar-Díaz, I., Cáceres-Reche, M. P., & Romero-Rodríguez, J. M. (2019). Artificial intelligence in higher education: A bibliometric study on its impact in the scientific literature. Education Sciences, 9(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010051
Hwang, G. J. (2003). A conceptual map model for developing intelligent tutoring systems. Computers & Education, 40(3), 217-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1315(02)00121-5
Jeon, J. (2024). Exploring AI chatbot affordances in the EFL classroom: Young learners’ experiences and perspectives. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 37(1-2), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.2021241
Johnson, W. B., Neste, L. O., & Duncan, P. C. (1989, November). An authoring environment for intelligent tutoring systems. In Conference Proceedings., IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (pp. 761-765). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71396
Kasneci, E., Sessler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., Gasser, U., Groh, G., Günnemann, S., Hüllermeier, E., Krusche, S., Kutyniok, G., Michaeli, T., Nerdel, C., Pfeffer, J., Poquet, O., Sailer, M., Schmidt, A., Seidel, T., … Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, 102274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2023.102274
Kessler, G. (2018). Technology and the future of language teaching. Foreign Language Annals, 51(1), 205-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12318
Kong, S. C., Cheung, W. M. Y., & Zhang, G. (2021). Evaluation of an artificial intelligence literacy course for university students with diverse study backgrounds. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100026
Lameras, P., & Sylvester A. (2022). Power to the Teachers: An Exploratory Review on Artificial Intelligence in Education. Information 13(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13010014
Li, L., Ma, Z., Fan, L., Lee, S., Yu, H., & Hemphill, L. (2023). ChatGPT in education: A discourse analysis of worries and concerns on social media. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12256-9
Lim, W. M., Gunasekara, A., Pallant, J. L., Pallant, J. I., & Pechenkina, E. (2023). Generative AI and the future of education: Ragnarök or reformation? A paradoxical perspective from management educators. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(2), 100790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100790
Lin, Y. & Yu, Z. (2024). A bibliometric analysis of artificial intelligence chatbots in educational contexts. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 21(2), 189-213. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-12-2022-0165
Liu, S., Liu, S., Liu, Z., Peng, X., & Yang, Z. (2022). Automated detection of emotional and cognitive engagement in MOOC discussions to predict learning achievement. Computers & Education, 181, 104461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104461
Loeckx, J. (2016). Blurring boundaries in education: Context and impact of MOOCs. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(3), 92-121. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i3.2395
Luckin, R., Cukurova, M., Kent, C., & du Boulay, B. (2022). Empowering educators to be AI-ready. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100076
Mao, G., Hu, H., Liu, X., Crittenden, J., & Huang, N. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of industrial wastewater treatments from 1998 to 2019. Environmental Pollution, 275, 115785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115785
McBurney, M. K., & Novak, P. L. (2002). What is bibliometrics and why should you care?. In Proceedings. IEEE international professional communication conference (pp. 108-114). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPCC.2002.1049094
Mitnik, R., Recabarren, M., Nussbaum, M., & Soto, A. (2009). Collaborative robotic instruction: A graph teaching experience. Computers & Education, 53(2), 330-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2009.02.010
Moral-Muñoz, J. A., Herrera-Viedma, E., Santisteban-Espejo, A., & Cobo, M. J. (2020). Software tools for conducting bibliometric analysis in science: An up-to-date review. Profesional De La Información, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.ene.03
OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT: Optimizing language models for dialogue. https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/
Pradana, M., Elisa, H. P., & Syarifuddin, S. (2023). Discussing ChatGPT in education: A literature review and bibliometric analysis. Cogent Education, 10(2), 2243134. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2243134
Qian, K., & Zhong, Z. (2023). Research frontiers of electroporation-based applications in cancer treatment: A bibliometric analysis. Biomedical Engineering/Biomedizinische Technik, 68(5), 445–456. https://doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2023-0113
Qu, J., Zhao, Y., & Xie, Y. (2022). Artificial intelligence leads the reform of education models. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 39(3), 581–588. https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2864
Qu, J., Zhao, Y., & Xie, Y. (2022). Artificial intelligence leads the reform of education models. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 39(3), 581–588. https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2864
Scharth, M. (2022). The ChatGPT chatbot is blowing people away with its writing skills. The University of Sydney. https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2022/12/08/the-chatgpt-chatbot-is-blowing-people-away-with-its-writing-skil.html
Seldon, A., & Abidoye, O. (2018). The Fourth Education Revolution: Will Artificial Intelligence Liberate or Infantilise Humanity. The University of Buckingham Press.
Strzelecki, A. (2023). To use or not to use ChatGPT in higher education? A study of students’ acceptance and use of technology. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2209881
Tang, K. Y., Chang, C. Y., & Hwang, G. J. (2021). Trends in artificial intelligence-supported e-learning: A Systematic review and co-citation network analysis (1998–2019). Interactive Learning Environments, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1875001
Transformer, G. G. P., Thunström, A. O., & Steingrimsson, S. (2022). Can GPT-3 write an academic paper on itself, with minimal human input?. https://hal.science/hal-03701250/
Tsai, S. C., Chen, C. H., Shiao, Y. T., Ciou, J. S., & Wu, T. N. (2020). Precision education with statistical learning and deep learning: a case study in Taiwan. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00186-2
UNESCO. (2019). Preliminary Study on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Vázquez-Cano, E., Mengual-Andrés, S., & López-Meneses, E. (2021). Chatbot to improve learning punctuation in Spanish and to enhance open and flexible learning environments. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00269-8
Verma, S., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Investigating the emerging COVID-19 research trends in the field of business and management: A bibliometric analysis approach. Journal of Business Research, 118, 253-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.057
Wang, P. (2019). On defining artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 10(2), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.2478/jagi-2019-0002
Wang, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Z., Wang, J., Tran, T., & Du, Z. (2024). Artificial intelligence in education: A systematic literature review. Expert Systems with Applications, 252, 124167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.124167
Xu, L. D., Lu, Y., & Li, L. (2021). Embedding blockchain technology into IoT for security: A survey. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 8(13), 10452–10473. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3060508
Yan, D. (2023). Impact of ChatGPT on learners in a L2 writing practicum: An exploratory investigation. Education and Information Technologies, 28(11), 13943-13967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11742-4
Yang, W. (2022). Artificial intelligence education for young children: Why, what, and how in curriculum design and implementation. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100061
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Zhai, X., Chu, X., Chai, C. S., Jong, M. S. Y., Istenic, A., Spector, M., ... & Li, Y. (2021). A Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education from 2010 to 2020. Complexity, 2021(1), 8812542. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8812542
Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Specialist Studies in Education (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ezgi Doğan ^*
0000-0001-8011-438X
Türkiye

Ferhan Şahin
0000-0003-4973-9562
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 30, 2024

Publication Date

December 31, 2024

Submission Date

October 1, 2024

Acceptance Date

December 11, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 11 Number: H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.96.11.6

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA44AB69FY

APA

Doğan, E., & Şahin, F. (2024). Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends. Participatory Educational Research, 11(H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue), 95-113. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.96.11.6

AMA

1.Doğan E, Şahin F. Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends. PER. 2024;11(H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue):95-113. doi:10.17275/per.24.96.11.6

Chicago

Doğan, Ezgi, and Ferhan Şahin. 2024. “Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends”. Participatory Educational Research 11 (H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue): 95-113. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.96.11.6.

EndNote

Doğan E, Şahin F (December 1, 2024) Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends. Participatory Educational Research 11 H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue 95–113.

IEEE

[1]E. Doğan and F. Şahin, “Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends”, PER, vol. 11, no. H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue, pp. 95–113, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.17275/per.24.96.11.6.

ISNAD

Doğan, Ezgi - Şahin, Ferhan. “Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends”. Participatory Educational Research 11/H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue (December 1, 2024): 95-113. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.96.11.6.

JAMA

1.Doğan E, Şahin F. Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends. PER. 2024;11:95–113.

MLA

Doğan, Ezgi, and Ferhan Şahin. “Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends”. Participatory Educational Research, vol. 11, no. H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue, Dec. 2024, pp. 95-113, doi:10.17275/per.24.96.11.6.

Vancouver

1.Ezgi Doğan, Ferhan Şahin. Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Education: Leading Contributors, Current Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends. PER. 2024 Dec. 1;11(H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue):95-113. doi:10.17275/per.24.96.11.6