Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language

Murat Demirekin

doi:10.17275/per.25.51.12.4

EN

Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language

Abstract

Understanding a second language entails not only the transmission of information from educators but also the learner's individual attribution of meaning within their mental framework. It is essential to comprehend Turkish as a second language, along with the distinctive characteristics and related vocabulary building skills. This study aims to detect the comprehension of the target language by Turkish as a second language learners in relation to the vocabulary learning strategies they use. For this purpose, the vocabulary learning strategies preferred by the students who learn Turkish as a second language in 10 different universities in Türkiye were examined in detail. In the study, the ‘Vocabulary Learning Strategies Scale’ adapted based on the ‘Language Learning Strategies Inventory (SILL)’ developed by Oxford (1990) was utilized. The strategy preferences revealed in the quantitative findings and qualitative open-ended interview forms were also analyzed comparatively using a mixed method. The students' average vocabulary learning strategies within the current investigation were determined to be at a moderate level (X>2.5). The results demonstrated that emotional strategies were more frequently utilized in vocabulary strategies for acquisition. The study examines which types of vocabulary acquisition strategies are referenced in the quantitative data and which are omitted, through content analysis in the qualitative dimensions.

Keywords

comprehension,, Turkish,, learning strategies,, vocabulary

Ethical Statement

This study received approval from the Hacettepe University, Research Ethics Committee on January 29, 2016, numbered 433-484.

Thanks

Thanks for your interest.

References

Alhaisoni, E. (2012). Language learning strategy use of Saudi EFL students in an intensive English learning context. Asian Social Science, 5 (13), 115-127.
Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. ve Yıldırım, E. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri SPSS uygulamalı (6. baskı) [Research Methods in Social Sciences with SPSS Applications, 6th edition]. Sakarya: Sakarya Publishing.
Boylu, E. (2015). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin dil öğrenme stratejilerini kullanma düzeyleri. [Level of use of language learning strategies by learners of Turkish language as foreign language]. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü [Unpublished Master's Thesis. Gazi University, Institute of Educational Sciences], Ankara.
Bozatlı, Ö. (1999). An investigation of learning strategies employed by successful freshmen students of English [Başarılı İngilizce freshman öğrencilerinin kullandığı kelime öğrenme stratejileri üzerine bir araştırma]. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü [Unpublished Master's Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences], Ankara.
Bozgeyik, Y. (2011). The relationship between vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary proficiency. Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gaziantep.
Bölükbaş, F. (2013). The effect of vocabulary learning strategies on learning vocabulary in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, [Hacettepe University Faculty of Education Journal] 28(3), 55-68.
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson / Merrill Prentice Hall.
Cohen, A. D. (1998). Strategies in learning and using a second language (pp.1-64). New York: Longman.
Çapan, S. (1987). Psikodilbilimi ve dil edinimi. I. Dilbilim Sempozyumu. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları [Psycholinguistics and language acquisition. First Linguistics Symposium. Ankara: Hacettepe University Publications].
Demirekin, M. (2017). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçenin anlamlandırılmasında kelime ve dil öğrenme stratejileri kullanımı [Using vocabulary and language learning strategies in comprehending Turkish as a foreign language]. Doktora Tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretimi Doktora Programı [Hacettepe University Institute of Turkish Studies Doctoral Programme in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language]. Ankara.

Dewaele, J. M., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2016). Foreign language enjoyment and anxiety: The right and left feet of the language learner. In Positive Psychology in SLA (pp. 215–236). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783095360-010
Dörnyei, Z. (2001). Teaching and researching motivation. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Dörnyei, Z. (2003). Questionnaires in second language research. Muhwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
El-Dip, M. A. B. (2004). Language learning strategies in Kuwait: links to gender, language level, and culture in a hybrid context. Foreign Language Annuals, 7(1), 85-95.
Ellis, R. (2008). The study of second language acquisition (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Green, J. M. & Oxford, R. L. (1995). A closer look at learning strategies, L2 proficiency and gender. TESOL Quarterly, 29(2), 261-297.
Gregersen, T., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2014). Capitalizing on language learners’ individuality: From premise to practice. Multilingual Matters.
Griffiths, C. (2008). Lessons from good language learners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gömleksiz, M. N. (2013). Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının İngilizce dil öğrenme stratejilerine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi (Fırat Üniversitesi Örneği). Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Türkçenin Eğitimi Öğretimi Özel Sayısı, Issn: 1308–9196: 6, Sayı: 11. s. 573-601 [An investigation of Turkish language teacher candidates' views on English language learning strategies (Fırat University case study). Adıyaman University Journal of Social Sciences Institute Special Issue on Turkish Language Education, ISSN: 1308–9196: 6, Issue: 11. pp. 573-601].
Harmer, J. (2007). The practice of English language teaching (4th ed.). Harlow, England: Pearson Education Limited.
Hasram, S. & Singh, B. (2021). Vocabulary Learning Strategies of Good Language Learners from An International School. Scientific Research Journal. 9. 31-37. 10.31364/SCIRJ/v9.i02.2021.P0221843.
Hong-Nam, K, & Leavell, A. G. (2007). A comparative study of language learning strategy use in an EFL context: monolingual Korean and bilingual Korean-Chinese university students. Asia Pacific Education Review, 5(1),71-78.
Hsieh, P. (2004). How college students explain their grades in a foreign language course: The interrelationship of attributions, self-efficacy, language learning beliefs, and achievement. Unpublished Dissertation. University of Texas, Austin, USA.
Hurd, S. (2008). Affect and strategy use in independent language learning. In S. Hurd & T. Lewis (Eds.). Language learning strategies in independent settings: Second language acquisition (pp. 218–236). Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Kayaoğlu, M. N. (2012). Gender-based differences in language learning strategies of science students. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 9(2), 12-24.
Khalil, A. (2005). Assessment of language learning strategies used by Palestinian EFL learners. Foreign Language Annuals, 38(1), 108-119.
Kocaman, O. & Kızılkaya Cumaoğlu, G. (2014). Yabancı dilde kelime öğrenme stratejileri ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Eğitim ve Bilim [Development of a scale for foreign language vocabulary learning strategies. Education and Science], 39(176), 293-303.
Laufer, B., Elder, C., Hill, K. & Congdon P. (2004). Size and strength: Do we need both to measure vocabulary knowledge? Language Testing, vol.21, pp. 202-226.
Laufer, B. & Goldstein, Z. (2004). Testing vocabulary knowledge: Size, strength and computer adaptiveness. Language Learning, vol.54, no.3, pp. 399-436.
Lenneberg, E. (1967). Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley.
Ma, R. (1999). Language learning strategies of a sample of tertiary-level students in the P.R. China. Guideliness, 21(1), 1–11.
Nation, P. (1990). Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. New York: Newbury House.
Onan, B. (2011). Anlama sürecinde Türkçenin yapısal işlevleri. [Structural Functions of Turkish in the Comprehension Process] Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
Oxford, R. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. New York: Newbury House Publishers.
Oxford R. L. (1993). Research on second language learning strategies. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 13: 175-187.
Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri [Comprehension levels of indirect meanings of speech acts for Turkish as a foreign language learners]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi [Hacettepe University, Institute of Turkic Studies, Unpublished Master's Thesis], Ankara.
Özmen, D. T. & Gülleroğlu, H. D. (2013). Determining language learning strategies used by the students at faculty of educational sciences based on some variables. Eğitim ve Bilim, 38(169), 30-40.
Park, G. P. (1995). Language learning strategies and beliefs about language learning of university students learning English in Korea. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. The University of Texas at Austin, TX.
Patton, O. M. (1990). Qualitative evaluation on research methods. London: Sage Pub.
Pavlenko, A. & James P. L. (2000). Second language learning as participation and the (re)construction of selves. In Lantolf, James P.(ed.), 155-178.
Peacock, M. & Ho, B. (2003). Student language learning strategies across eight disciplines. International Journal of Applied Linguistics. Vol. 13, N. 2, 179-200.
Polat, Y. (2002). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde konuşma becerisinin geliştirilmesi ve edim sözler. Ana Dili Dil Kültürü ve Eğitim Dergisi, Ankara Üniversitesi TÖMER İzmir Şubesi Yayını, s. [The development of speaking skills and performative utterances in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Mother Tongue Language Culture and Education Journal, Ankara University TÖMER Izmir Department Publication, p.] 62-75.
Read, J. (2000). Assessing vocabulary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rubin, J. (2005). The expert language learner: A review of good language learner studies and learner strategies. Johnson, K. (Ed.), Expertise in second language learning and teaching. Basingstone: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sadeghi, K. & Attar, M. T. (2013). The relationship between learning strategy use and starting age of learning EFL. Procedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 387-396.
Sale, J. E. M., Lohfeld, L. H. & Brazil, K. (2002). Revisiting the quantitative-qualitative debate: Implications for mixed-methods research. Quality and Quantity, 36, 43-53.
Sanaoui, R. (1995). Adult learners’ approaches to learning vocabulary in second languages. The Modern Language Journal 79, 15-28.
Schofield, J. W. (1990). Increasing the generalizability of qualitative research. W. Eisner W. & Peshkin A. (Ed.). Qualitative inquiry in education: The continuing debate (s. 201-232). New York: Teachers College Press.
Schmitt, N. (2000) Vocabulary in language teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Snow, C. E. (1983). Age differences in second language acquisition: Research findings and folk psychology. In K. M. Bailey, M. H. Long, & S. Peck (Eds.). Second Language Acquisition Studies (pp. 95- 109). Rowley MA: Newbury.
Tok, H. (2007). Öğretmen adaylarının kullandıkları yabancı dil öğrenme stratejileri. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları, [Foreign language learning strategies used by teacher candidates. Eastern Anatolia Regional Studies] 191-197.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1998). Düşünce ve dil [Thought and language] (Çev. Semih Koray), İstanbul: Toplumsal Dönüşüm Yayınları.
Weinstein, C. & Mayer, R. (1986). The teaching of learning strategies. in: wittrock, m., ed., Handbook of Research on Teaching, Macmillan, New York, 315-327.
White, C. (2003). Language learning in distance education. Edinburgh, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (8. baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık [Qualitative research methods in social sciences (8th edition). Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.].

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

English As A Second Language

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Murat Demirekin ^*
0000-0001-6757-0487
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

June 26, 2025

Publication Date

July 1, 2025

Submission Date

January 6, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 11, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 12 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17275/per.25.51.12.4

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA99NK55LJ

APA

Demirekin, M. (2025). Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language. Participatory Educational Research, 12(4), 100-115. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.25.51.12.4

AMA

1.Demirekin M. Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language. PER. 2025;12(4):100-115. doi:10.17275/per.25.51.12.4

Chicago

Demirekin, Murat. 2025. “Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish As a Second Language”. Participatory Educational Research 12 (4): 100-115. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.25.51.12.4.

EndNote

Demirekin M (July 1, 2025) Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language. Participatory Educational Research 12 4 100–115.

IEEE

[1]M. Demirekin, “Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language”, PER, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 100–115, July 2025, doi: 10.17275/per.25.51.12.4.

ISNAD

Demirekin, Murat. “Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish As a Second Language”. Participatory Educational Research 12/4 (July 1, 2025): 100-115. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.25.51.12.4.

JAMA

1.Demirekin M. Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language. PER. 2025;12:100–115.

MLA

Demirekin, Murat. “Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish As a Second Language”. Participatory Educational Research, vol. 12, no. 4, July 2025, pp. 100-15, doi:10.17275/per.25.51.12.4.

Vancouver

1.Murat Demirekin. Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language. PER. 2025 Jul. 1;12(4):100-15. doi:10.17275/per.25.51.12.4

27707

Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 International Lisance

download?token=eyJhdXRoX3JvbGVzIjpbXSwiZW5kcG9pbnQiOiJqb3VybmFsIiwib3JpZ2luYWxuYW1lIjoicGVyIHNjb3B1cyBpc3RhdHRpc3Rpay5wbmciLCJwYXRoIjoiOTg5Ni9mN2E1LzU3ZDcvNmEyMmIyZmFlMGJkYjYuMDUyNjIyMDMucG5nIiwiZXhwIjoxNzgwNjYyNTM5LCJub25jZSI6IjcxYzczMjhhOTdkOWYxM2ExZjE2NWExYjQyMzMyOWJhIn0.g4uvJoi6Oy8W0gRoUNW-d5FO9m4u30pEA0l1h8DwzSE

Abstract

Utilization of Vocabulary Learning Strategies in the Comprehension of Turkish as a Second Language

Abstract

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Early Pub Date

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite