Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability

Nur Hayati; Herawati Susilo; Ibrohim Ibrohım; Balqis Balqis

doi:10.17275/per.26.56.13.4

Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability

Abstract

Developing entrepreneurial competencies is essential for science students to effectively transform scientific knowledge into economically valuable innovations. However, existing instruments for measuring entrepreneurial competencies remain generic and insufficiently aligned with the scientific context. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of an entrepreneurial competency measurement instrument, particularly within the context of biotechnology, for science university students in Indonesia. This study involved 346 students from 17 higher education institutions across Indonesia. The instrument comprised 52 items representing three core constructs: entrepreneurial knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Construct validity and reliability were assessed using item-total correlation, Cronbach’s Alpha, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The findings indicate that, this instrument demonstrates good fit, established convergent and discriminant validity, and satisfactory internal reliability. Most indicators exhibit significant factor loadings, with AVE values ranging from 0.51 to 0.68 and CR values ranging from 0.60 to 0.90. However, one construct had an CR below the recommended threshold of 0.7 (Knowledge Competency) and one indicator showed a factor loading below the threshold of 0.196 (Entrepreneurial Knowledge). Additionally, the three entrepreneurial competency constructs demonstrate significant positive correlations. These findings provide an instrument for measuring entrepreneurial competencies in the context of Indonesian science students. Further refinement of the indicators is recommended to improve greater validity and reliability.

Keywords

entrepreneurial competencies, science students, biotechnology, validity, reliability

Supporting Institution

1) the Center for Higher Education Funding and Assessment (PPAPT) under the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia; and 2) the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education Agency (LPDP) under the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia.

Project Number

00588/J5.2.3./BPI.06/9/2022

Ethical Statement

The Ethics Committee of Universitas Negeri Malang has approved this research, under authorization number 21.11.35/UN32.14/PB/2025.

Thanks

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support granted by funding agency and extend their gratitude to all respondents who participated in the study.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Higher Education Studies (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Nur Hayati
0000-0002-6901-1205
Indonesia

Herawati Susilo
0000-0002-9667-6237
Indonesia

Ibrohim Ibrohım ^*
0000-0002-9946-001X
Indonesia

Balqis Balqis
0000-0003-0673-1405
Indonesia

Publication Date

July 3, 2026

Submission Date

February 4, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 22, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 13 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.56.13.4

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA74PY53MJ

APA

Hayati, N., Susilo, H., Ibrohım, I., & Balqis, B. (2026). Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability. Participatory Educational Research, 13(4), 214-230. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.56.13.4

AMA

1.Hayati N, Susilo H, Ibrohım I, Balqis B. Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability. PER. 2026;13(4):214-230. doi:10.17275/per.26.56.13.4

Chicago

Hayati, Nur, Herawati Susilo, Ibrohim Ibrohım, and Balqis Balqis. 2026. “Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability”. Participatory Educational Research 13 (4): 214-30. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.56.13.4.

EndNote

Hayati N, Susilo H, Ibrohım I, Balqis B (July 1, 2026) Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability. Participatory Educational Research 13 4 214–230.

IEEE

[1]N. Hayati, H. Susilo, I. Ibrohım, and B. Balqis, “Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability”, PER, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 214–230, July 2026, doi: 10.17275/per.26.56.13.4.

ISNAD

Hayati, Nur - Susilo, Herawati - Ibrohım, Ibrohim - Balqis, Balqis. “Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability”. Participatory Educational Research 13/4 (July 1, 2026): 214-230. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.56.13.4.

JAMA

1.Hayati N, Susilo H, Ibrohım I, Balqis B. Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability. PER. 2026;13:214–230.

MLA

Hayati, Nur, et al. “Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability”. Participatory Educational Research, vol. 13, no. 4, July 2026, pp. 214-30, doi:10.17275/per.26.56.13.4.

Vancouver

1.Nur Hayati, Herawati Susilo, Ibrohim Ibrohım, Balqis Balqis. Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability. PER. 2026 Jul. 1;13(4):214-30. doi:10.17275/per.26.56.13.4

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Measuring Entrepreneurial Competencies of Science University Students in Indonesia: An Analysis of Validity and Reliability

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Ethical Statement

Thanks

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