Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Teachers’ Views on Digital Distraction

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue, 21 - 33, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.92.11.6

Abstract

The aim of this study is to find out teachers' views on digital distraction. The sub-objectives of the study are to find out whether teachers experience digital distraction, in which environments they experience digital distraction, what they feel when they experience digital distraction and what precautions they take against digital distraction. The participants of the research, which was designated adopting with a phenomenological design, were a total of 81 teachers. As a result of content analysis, the reasons for encountering digital distraction were listed as advertising, latest news, alerts, the large amount of content on the Internet, being asked to look at a social media account, look at other studies when doing research, and other videos suggestions while watching a video interest/curiosity and boredom. The environments in which teachers experience digital distraction are social media, conducting research, social environment, shopping websites, work life and leisure time. The reasons for experiencing digital distraction in these environments include interest/curiosity, advertisements, notifications, boredom, news and the huge amount of content on the internet. Teachers experience negative emotions such as anger, sadness, and regret when they experience digital distraction. Teachers reported feeling happy because they were learning new information, they felt relaxed because they were moving away from the subject and resting, and happy because they were looking at things they were curious about. The precautions taken by teachers are self-control, turning off notifications, limiting the time spent digitally, taking the phone/computer away, not opening/closing too many tabs and installing ad/cookie blocker software.

References

  • Aaron, L. S., & Lipton, T. (2018). Digital distraction: Shedding light on the 21st-century college classroom. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 46(3), 363-378. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239517736876
  • Agarwal, M., Bishesh, B., Bansal, S., & Kumari, D. (2021). Role of social media on digital distraction: A study on university students. Journal of Content, Community and Communication, 13(7), 125-136.
  • Agrawal, P., Sahana, H. S., & De', R. (2017). Digital distraction. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance
  • Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C.A., (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067-1084.
  • Bowman, L.L., Levine, L.E., Waite, B.M., & Gendron, M. (2010). Can students really multitask? An experimental study of instant messaging while reading. Computers & Education, 54(4), 927-931
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Chen, L., Nath, R., & Tang, Z. (2020). Understanding the determinants of digital distraction: An automatic thinking behavior perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106195.
  • Chen, L., Nath, R., & Insley, R. (2014). Determinants of digital distraction: A cross-cultural investigation of users in Africa, China and the US. Journal of International Technology and Information Management, 23(3), 8.
  • Christensen, L. B., Johnson, B., & Turner, L. A. (2011). Research methods, design, and analysis. Pearson: New York.
  • Dietz, S., & Henrich, C. (2014). Texting as a distraction to learning in college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 163–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.045
  • Dontre, A. (2021). The influence of technology on academic distraction: A review. Human Behaviour & Emerging Technologies, 3, 379-390. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.229
  • Duncan, D.K., Hoekstra, A.R., & Wilcox, B.R. (2012). Digital devices, distraction, and student performance: Does in-class cell phone use reduce learning? Astronomy Education Review, 11(1), 1-4.
  • Eduljee, N. B., Murphy, L., & Croteau, K. (2022). Digital distractions, mindfulness, and academic performance with undergraduate college students. In S.K. Gupta (Ed.) Handbook of research on clinical applications of meditation and mindfulness-based ınterventions in mental health (pp: 319-336). IGI Global.
  • Farivar, F., Esmaeelinezhad, O., & Richardson, J. (2022). Digital intrusions or distraction at work and work-life conflict. New Technology, Work and Employment, 37(3), 363-380.
  • Flanigan, A. E., & Babchuk, W. A. (2022). Digital distraction in the classroom: exploring instructor perceptions and reactions. Teaching in Higher Education, 27(3), 352-370.
  • Flanigan, A.E., & Babchuk, W.A. (2015). Social media as academic quicksand: A phenomenological study of student experiences in and out of the classroom. Learning and Individual Differences, 44, 40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.11.003
  • Flanigan, A. E., & Titsworth, S. (2020). The impact of digital distraction on lecture note taking and student learning. Instructional Science, 48(5), 495–524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-020-09517-2
  • Göl, B., Özbek, U., & Horzum, M.B. (2023). Digital distraction levels of university students in emergency remote teaching. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 9149–9170.
  • Hatlevik, O.E. & Bjarnø, V. (2021). Examining the relationship between resilience to digital distractions, ICT self-efficacy, motivation, approaches to studying, and time spent on individual studies. Teaching and Teacher Education, 102, 1-8
  • Jarrahi, M.H., Blyth, D.L., & Goray, C. (2023). Mindful work and mindful technology: Redressing digital distraction in knowledge work. Digital Business, 3(1), 100051.
  • Junco, R., & Cotten, S. R. (2012). No A 4 U: The relationship between multitasking and academic performance. Computers & Education, 59(2), 505–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.023
  • Keer, L. (2023). Digital distraction and its impact on your health. Patient Education. Massachusetts General Hospital.
  • Kornhauser, Z.G.C., Paul, A.L., & Siedlecki, K.L. (2016). An examination of students’ use of technology for non-academic purposes in the college classroom. Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology, 5 (1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.14434/jotlt.v5n1.13781
  • Kurt, A.A., Küçük, B., Boynukara, M., & Odabaşı, H.F. (2021). Dijital çelinme: Bir kavram çalışması [Digital distraction: A concept study]. Educational Technology Theory and Practice, 11(1), 48-64.
  • Kuznekoff, J. H., & Titsworth, S. (2013). The impact of mobile phone usage on student learning. Communication Education, 62 (3), 233–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2013.767917
  • Kuznekoff, J. H., Munz, S., & Titsworth, S. (2015). Mobile phones in the classroom: Examining the effects of texting, Twitter, and message content on student learning. Communication Education, 64(3), 344–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2015.1038727
  • Liano, C.-H., & Wu, J.-Y. (2022). Deploying multimodal learning analytics models to explore the impact of digital distraction and peer learning on student performance. Computers & Education, 190, 104599.
  • Lester, S (1999). An introduction to phenomenological research. Taunton UK, Stan Lester Developments. Retrieved from www.sld.demon.co.uk/resmethy.pdf
  • Lim, V.K.G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(5), 675–694.
  • Liu, Z. (2022). Reading in the age of digital distraction. Journal of Documentation, 78(6), 1201-1212.
  • Lindström, J. (2020). Understanding digital distraction: a longitudinal study on disruptive everyday media multitasking among diginatives. Retrieved from https://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/176976
  • McCoy, B. R. (2020). Gen Z and digital distractions in the classroom: Student classroom use of digital devices for non-class related purposes. Journal of Media Education, 11(2), 5-23.
  • McCoy, B. (2013). Digital distractions in the classroom: Student classroom use of digital devices for non-class related purposes. Journal of Media Education, 1-43.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
  • Nabung, A. (2024). The impact of multitasking with digital devices on classroom learning: A critical review on the future of digital distraction in education. US-China Education Review A, 14 (6), 369-383.
  • Parry, D.A., & le Roux, D.B. (2019). Media multitasking and cognitive control: A systematic review of interventions. Computers in Human Behavior, 92, 316-327.
  • Pérez-Juárez, M. Á., González-Ortega, D., & Aguiar-Pérez, J. M. (2023). Digital distractions from the point of view of higher education students. Sustainability, 15(7), 6044.
  • Pettijohn, T. F., Frazier, E., Rieser, E., Vaughn, N., & Hupp-Wilds, B. (2015). Classroom texting in college students. College Student Journal, 49 (4), 513-516.
  • Rostaminejad, M, A., zabet, h., ajam, a., & Sadeghi, N. (2022). A grounded theory to students digital distraction. SRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4292721, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4292721
  • Spence, A., Beasley, K. H., Gravenkemper, A. Hoefler, A., Ngo, D. O., & Campisi, J. (2020). Social media use while listening to new material negatively affects short-term memory in college students. Physiology & Behavior, 227, 1-6.
  • Stanford BeWell (2019). https://bewell.stanford.edu/mindfulness-and-technology/
  • Ugrin, J.C., Pearson, J.M., & Odom, M.D. (2008). Profiling cyber-slackers in the workplace: Demographic, cultural, and workplace factors. Journal of Internet Commerce, 6(3), 75-88.
  • Sana, F., Weston, T., & Cepeda, N.J. (2013). Laptop multitasking hinders classroom learning for both users and nearby peers. Computers & Education, 62, 24-31.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
  • Wu, J.Y., & Xie, C., (2018). Using time pressure and note-taking to prevent digital distraction behavior and enhance online search performance: Perspectives from the load theory of attention and cognitive control. Computers in Human Behavior, 88, 244-254.
Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue, 21 - 33, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.92.11.6

Abstract

References

  • Aaron, L. S., & Lipton, T. (2018). Digital distraction: Shedding light on the 21st-century college classroom. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 46(3), 363-378. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239517736876
  • Agarwal, M., Bishesh, B., Bansal, S., & Kumari, D. (2021). Role of social media on digital distraction: A study on university students. Journal of Content, Community and Communication, 13(7), 125-136.
  • Agrawal, P., Sahana, H. S., & De', R. (2017). Digital distraction. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance
  • Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C.A., (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067-1084.
  • Bowman, L.L., Levine, L.E., Waite, B.M., & Gendron, M. (2010). Can students really multitask? An experimental study of instant messaging while reading. Computers & Education, 54(4), 927-931
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
  • Chen, L., Nath, R., & Tang, Z. (2020). Understanding the determinants of digital distraction: An automatic thinking behavior perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106195.
  • Chen, L., Nath, R., & Insley, R. (2014). Determinants of digital distraction: A cross-cultural investigation of users in Africa, China and the US. Journal of International Technology and Information Management, 23(3), 8.
  • Christensen, L. B., Johnson, B., & Turner, L. A. (2011). Research methods, design, and analysis. Pearson: New York.
  • Dietz, S., & Henrich, C. (2014). Texting as a distraction to learning in college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 163–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.045
  • Dontre, A. (2021). The influence of technology on academic distraction: A review. Human Behaviour & Emerging Technologies, 3, 379-390. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.229
  • Duncan, D.K., Hoekstra, A.R., & Wilcox, B.R. (2012). Digital devices, distraction, and student performance: Does in-class cell phone use reduce learning? Astronomy Education Review, 11(1), 1-4.
  • Eduljee, N. B., Murphy, L., & Croteau, K. (2022). Digital distractions, mindfulness, and academic performance with undergraduate college students. In S.K. Gupta (Ed.) Handbook of research on clinical applications of meditation and mindfulness-based ınterventions in mental health (pp: 319-336). IGI Global.
  • Farivar, F., Esmaeelinezhad, O., & Richardson, J. (2022). Digital intrusions or distraction at work and work-life conflict. New Technology, Work and Employment, 37(3), 363-380.
  • Flanigan, A. E., & Babchuk, W. A. (2022). Digital distraction in the classroom: exploring instructor perceptions and reactions. Teaching in Higher Education, 27(3), 352-370.
  • Flanigan, A.E., & Babchuk, W.A. (2015). Social media as academic quicksand: A phenomenological study of student experiences in and out of the classroom. Learning and Individual Differences, 44, 40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.11.003
  • Flanigan, A. E., & Titsworth, S. (2020). The impact of digital distraction on lecture note taking and student learning. Instructional Science, 48(5), 495–524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-020-09517-2
  • Göl, B., Özbek, U., & Horzum, M.B. (2023). Digital distraction levels of university students in emergency remote teaching. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 9149–9170.
  • Hatlevik, O.E. & Bjarnø, V. (2021). Examining the relationship between resilience to digital distractions, ICT self-efficacy, motivation, approaches to studying, and time spent on individual studies. Teaching and Teacher Education, 102, 1-8
  • Jarrahi, M.H., Blyth, D.L., & Goray, C. (2023). Mindful work and mindful technology: Redressing digital distraction in knowledge work. Digital Business, 3(1), 100051.
  • Junco, R., & Cotten, S. R. (2012). No A 4 U: The relationship between multitasking and academic performance. Computers & Education, 59(2), 505–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.023
  • Keer, L. (2023). Digital distraction and its impact on your health. Patient Education. Massachusetts General Hospital.
  • Kornhauser, Z.G.C., Paul, A.L., & Siedlecki, K.L. (2016). An examination of students’ use of technology for non-academic purposes in the college classroom. Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology, 5 (1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.14434/jotlt.v5n1.13781
  • Kurt, A.A., Küçük, B., Boynukara, M., & Odabaşı, H.F. (2021). Dijital çelinme: Bir kavram çalışması [Digital distraction: A concept study]. Educational Technology Theory and Practice, 11(1), 48-64.
  • Kuznekoff, J. H., & Titsworth, S. (2013). The impact of mobile phone usage on student learning. Communication Education, 62 (3), 233–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2013.767917
  • Kuznekoff, J. H., Munz, S., & Titsworth, S. (2015). Mobile phones in the classroom: Examining the effects of texting, Twitter, and message content on student learning. Communication Education, 64(3), 344–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2015.1038727
  • Liano, C.-H., & Wu, J.-Y. (2022). Deploying multimodal learning analytics models to explore the impact of digital distraction and peer learning on student performance. Computers & Education, 190, 104599.
  • Lester, S (1999). An introduction to phenomenological research. Taunton UK, Stan Lester Developments. Retrieved from www.sld.demon.co.uk/resmethy.pdf
  • Lim, V.K.G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(5), 675–694.
  • Liu, Z. (2022). Reading in the age of digital distraction. Journal of Documentation, 78(6), 1201-1212.
  • Lindström, J. (2020). Understanding digital distraction: a longitudinal study on disruptive everyday media multitasking among diginatives. Retrieved from https://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/176976
  • McCoy, B. R. (2020). Gen Z and digital distractions in the classroom: Student classroom use of digital devices for non-class related purposes. Journal of Media Education, 11(2), 5-23.
  • McCoy, B. (2013). Digital distractions in the classroom: Student classroom use of digital devices for non-class related purposes. Journal of Media Education, 1-43.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
  • Nabung, A. (2024). The impact of multitasking with digital devices on classroom learning: A critical review on the future of digital distraction in education. US-China Education Review A, 14 (6), 369-383.
  • Parry, D.A., & le Roux, D.B. (2019). Media multitasking and cognitive control: A systematic review of interventions. Computers in Human Behavior, 92, 316-327.
  • Pérez-Juárez, M. Á., González-Ortega, D., & Aguiar-Pérez, J. M. (2023). Digital distractions from the point of view of higher education students. Sustainability, 15(7), 6044.
  • Pettijohn, T. F., Frazier, E., Rieser, E., Vaughn, N., & Hupp-Wilds, B. (2015). Classroom texting in college students. College Student Journal, 49 (4), 513-516.
  • Rostaminejad, M, A., zabet, h., ajam, a., & Sadeghi, N. (2022). A grounded theory to students digital distraction. SRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4292721, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4292721
  • Spence, A., Beasley, K. H., Gravenkemper, A. Hoefler, A., Ngo, D. O., & Campisi, J. (2020). Social media use while listening to new material negatively affects short-term memory in college students. Physiology & Behavior, 227, 1-6.
  • Stanford BeWell (2019). https://bewell.stanford.edu/mindfulness-and-technology/
  • Ugrin, J.C., Pearson, J.M., & Odom, M.D. (2008). Profiling cyber-slackers in the workplace: Demographic, cultural, and workplace factors. Journal of Internet Commerce, 6(3), 75-88.
  • Sana, F., Weston, T., & Cepeda, N.J. (2013). Laptop multitasking hinders classroom learning for both users and nearby peers. Computers & Education, 62, 24-31.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in social sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
  • Wu, J.Y., & Xie, C., (2018). Using time pressure and note-taking to prevent digital distraction behavior and enhance online search performance: Perspectives from the load theory of attention and cognitive control. Computers in Human Behavior, 88, 244-254.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Specialist Studies in Education (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ece Güngör 0009-0006-3089-0616

Adile Aşkım Kurt 0000-0003-1084-5579

Early Pub Date December 29, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date September 27, 2024
Acceptance Date November 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue

Cite

APA Güngör, E., & Kurt, A. A. (2024). Teachers’ Views on Digital Distraction. Participatory Educational Research, 11(H. Ferhan Odabaşı Gift Issue), 21-33. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.92.11.6