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Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 42 - 53, 01.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2017.02.005

Abstract

References

  • Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. The Modern Language Journal, 78, 155-168.
  • Abu-ghararah, A. (1998). Foreign language classroom anxiety scale. King Abdul-Aziz University Journal for Educational Sciences, 11, 287-321.
  • Ali, M. (2010). Difficulties of learning English and its relation to learning styles of middle school first year students, Unpublished Master Thesis, College of education, Minia University, Egypt.
  • Ali, M. (2016). Confirmatory Factor Analysis of English Language Learning Anxiety Scale (ELLAS) in the Egyptian Context. International Educational E-Journal, 5(2);1-11.
  • Al-shboul, M., Ahmad, I., Nordin, M., & Rahman, Z. (2013). Foreign language reading anxiety in a Jordanian EFL context: a qualitative study. English Language Teaching, 6(6), 38-56. doi:10.5539/elt.v6n6p38
  • Apple, M. (2011). The big five personality traits and foreign language speaking confidence among Japanese EFL students (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database.
  • Bora, K.& Jongmin, R. (2011). The validity of FLCAS base on Item Response Theory. Modern British and American http://www.dbpia.co.kr/Journal/ArticleDetail/1614006. Retrieved from
  • Bozavli, E.&Gulmez, R. (2012). Turkish students’ perspectives on speaking anxiety in native and non-native English speaker classes. US-China Education Review B, 12, 1034-1043.
  • Capan, S. & Karaca, M. (2013). A comparative study of listening and writing anxiety. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 1360-1373. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.01.198
  • Cheng, Y. S., Horwitz, E. K., & Schallert, D. L. (1999). Language anxiety: Differentiating writing and speaking components. Language Learning, 49(3), 417-446.
  • Cheng, Y. (2004). A measure of second language anxiety: Scale development and preliminary validation. Journal of Second Language Writing, 13: 313-335.
  • Çubukcu, F. (2008). A study of the correlation between self-efficacy and foreign language learning anxiety. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 4 (1), 148-158.
  • Elkhafaifi, H. (2005). Listening Comprehension and Anxiety in the Arabic Language Classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 89(2), 206–220.
  • Guntzviller, L., Jensen, J., King, A., & Davis, L.,(2011) The Foreign Language Anxiety in a Medical Office Scale: Developing and validating a measurement tool for Spanish-speaking individuals. Journal of Health Communication, 16(8); 849-869. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2011.561917
  • Horwitz, E., Horwitz, M., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 70, 125-132.
  • Karakaya, I. & Ülper, H. (2011). Developing a writing anxiety scale and examining writing anxiety based on various variables. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(2), 703-707.
  • Kim, Y. (2002). Construction of a theoretical model of foreign language anxiety and development of a measure of the construct: Korean university EFL learners’ case, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, faculty of the University Graduate School, the School of Education, Indiana University, USA.
  • Kleinmann, H. (1977). Avoidance behaviour in adult second language acquisition. Language Learning, 27 (1), 93-107.
  • Liu, M., Jackson, J., (2008). An exploration of Chinese EFL learners’ unwillingness to communicate and foreign language anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 92 (1), 71-86.
  • Madigan, R. J., Linton, P. W., & Johnson, S. (1996). The paradox of writing apprehension. ln C. M. LEVY & S. E. RANDSELL (Eds.), The science of writing: Theories, methods, individual différences and applications, . Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
  • Mak, B. (2011). An exploration of speaking-in-class anxiety with Chinese ESL learners. System, 39, 202-214. doi:10.1016/j.system.2011.04.002
  • Mak, B., White, C., (1997). Communication apprehension of Chinese ESL students. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics 2 (1), 81- 96.
  • Marwan, A. (2007). Investigating students’ foreign language anxiety. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, 3, 37- 55.
  • Matsuda, S. & Gobel, P. (2004). Anxiety and predictors of performance in the foreign language classroom. System, 32: 21-36.
  • McDonald, R, & Marsh, H (1990). Choosing a multivariate model: non-centrality and goodness of fit. Psychological Bulletin, 107: 247-255.
  • Mella, E, & Zapata, E. (2015). Validez Factorial De La Versión En Español Del Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (Flcas) En Estudiantes Chilenos De Educación Secundaria. Ansiedad y Estrés, 21(2-3), 169-179.
  • Mousa, N. (2009). Investigating the differences in English language competence in the light of Gardner's social educational model. Journal of Research in Education and Psychology, 22(1), 346-385.
  • Park, G. & French, B. (2013). Gender differences in the foreign language classroom anxiety scale. System, 41: 462-471.
  • Saito, Y., Horwitz, E., & Garza, T. (1999). Foreign language reading anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 83, 2, 202-218.
  • Serraj, S. & Noordin, N. (2013). Relationship among Iranian EFL students’ foreign language anxiety, foreign language listening anxiety and their listening comprehension. English Language Teaching; 6 (5), 1-12.
  • Tóth, Z. (2008). A foreign language anxiety scale for Hungarian learners of English. Working Papers in Language Pedagogy, 2: 55-78.
  • Vogely, A. (1998). Listening comprehension anxiety: students' reported sources and solutions. Foreign Language Annals, 31(1), 67–80.
  • Walker, M. & Panayides, P. (2014). Rasch measurement in language research: creating the foreign language classroom anxiety inventory. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 10(4), 613–636. doi:10.5964/ejop.v10i4.782
  • Walker, M. & Panayides, P. (2013). Evaluating the psychometric properties of the foreign language classroom anxiety scale for Cypriot senior high school EFL students: the Rasch measurement approach. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 9(3), 493–516. doi:10.5964/ejop.v9i3.611
  • Woodrow, L. (2006). Anxiety and Speaking English as a Second Language. RELC Journal, 37(3), 308-328. doi: 10.1177/0033688206071315.
  • Worde, R. (1998). An investigation of students’ foreign language anxiety. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service).http://www.eric.ed.gov.
  • Young, D. J. (1991). An investigation of students’ perspectives on anxiety and speaking. Foreign Language Annals, 23(6), 539-553.
  • Zhang, X. (2013). Foreign language listening anxiety and listening performance: Conceptualizations and causal relationships. System, 41, 164-177.

English Language Anxiety: Development and Validation of a Brief Measure

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 42 - 53, 01.05.2017
https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2017.02.005

Abstract

In view of the lack of a short scale for the direct measurement of English language learning anxiety developed in the Egyptian context, this study aims to develop and validate a brief scale. Exploratory factor analysis EFA was employed using 362 EFL learners enrolled in first year at college of education, Minia University. Results of EFA proved that the scale consisted of four subscales: speaking anxiety, 8 items, =.84, writing anxiety 8 items, =.84, reading anxiety 8 items, =.84, listening anxiety, 8 items, =.83 . Confirmatory factor analysis CFA was conducted on 46 items to examine the structure validity. Results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor model fitted well and results met the criteria for goodness of fit indices >.90 and root mean score residual RMR < .05 which means the ELAS has a four factor structure in the Egyptian university students sample. The brief scale has good reliability and adequate validity and results of the analysis supported the conclusion that it is a reliable and valid measurement instrument.

References

  • Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. The Modern Language Journal, 78, 155-168.
  • Abu-ghararah, A. (1998). Foreign language classroom anxiety scale. King Abdul-Aziz University Journal for Educational Sciences, 11, 287-321.
  • Ali, M. (2010). Difficulties of learning English and its relation to learning styles of middle school first year students, Unpublished Master Thesis, College of education, Minia University, Egypt.
  • Ali, M. (2016). Confirmatory Factor Analysis of English Language Learning Anxiety Scale (ELLAS) in the Egyptian Context. International Educational E-Journal, 5(2);1-11.
  • Al-shboul, M., Ahmad, I., Nordin, M., & Rahman, Z. (2013). Foreign language reading anxiety in a Jordanian EFL context: a qualitative study. English Language Teaching, 6(6), 38-56. doi:10.5539/elt.v6n6p38
  • Apple, M. (2011). The big five personality traits and foreign language speaking confidence among Japanese EFL students (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database.
  • Bora, K.& Jongmin, R. (2011). The validity of FLCAS base on Item Response Theory. Modern British and American http://www.dbpia.co.kr/Journal/ArticleDetail/1614006. Retrieved from
  • Bozavli, E.&Gulmez, R. (2012). Turkish students’ perspectives on speaking anxiety in native and non-native English speaker classes. US-China Education Review B, 12, 1034-1043.
  • Capan, S. & Karaca, M. (2013). A comparative study of listening and writing anxiety. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 1360-1373. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.01.198
  • Cheng, Y. S., Horwitz, E. K., & Schallert, D. L. (1999). Language anxiety: Differentiating writing and speaking components. Language Learning, 49(3), 417-446.
  • Cheng, Y. (2004). A measure of second language anxiety: Scale development and preliminary validation. Journal of Second Language Writing, 13: 313-335.
  • Çubukcu, F. (2008). A study of the correlation between self-efficacy and foreign language learning anxiety. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 4 (1), 148-158.
  • Elkhafaifi, H. (2005). Listening Comprehension and Anxiety in the Arabic Language Classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 89(2), 206–220.
  • Guntzviller, L., Jensen, J., King, A., & Davis, L.,(2011) The Foreign Language Anxiety in a Medical Office Scale: Developing and validating a measurement tool for Spanish-speaking individuals. Journal of Health Communication, 16(8); 849-869. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2011.561917
  • Horwitz, E., Horwitz, M., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 70, 125-132.
  • Karakaya, I. & Ülper, H. (2011). Developing a writing anxiety scale and examining writing anxiety based on various variables. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(2), 703-707.
  • Kim, Y. (2002). Construction of a theoretical model of foreign language anxiety and development of a measure of the construct: Korean university EFL learners’ case, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, faculty of the University Graduate School, the School of Education, Indiana University, USA.
  • Kleinmann, H. (1977). Avoidance behaviour in adult second language acquisition. Language Learning, 27 (1), 93-107.
  • Liu, M., Jackson, J., (2008). An exploration of Chinese EFL learners’ unwillingness to communicate and foreign language anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 92 (1), 71-86.
  • Madigan, R. J., Linton, P. W., & Johnson, S. (1996). The paradox of writing apprehension. ln C. M. LEVY & S. E. RANDSELL (Eds.), The science of writing: Theories, methods, individual différences and applications, . Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
  • Mak, B. (2011). An exploration of speaking-in-class anxiety with Chinese ESL learners. System, 39, 202-214. doi:10.1016/j.system.2011.04.002
  • Mak, B., White, C., (1997). Communication apprehension of Chinese ESL students. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics 2 (1), 81- 96.
  • Marwan, A. (2007). Investigating students’ foreign language anxiety. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, 3, 37- 55.
  • Matsuda, S. & Gobel, P. (2004). Anxiety and predictors of performance in the foreign language classroom. System, 32: 21-36.
  • McDonald, R, & Marsh, H (1990). Choosing a multivariate model: non-centrality and goodness of fit. Psychological Bulletin, 107: 247-255.
  • Mella, E, & Zapata, E. (2015). Validez Factorial De La Versión En Español Del Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (Flcas) En Estudiantes Chilenos De Educación Secundaria. Ansiedad y Estrés, 21(2-3), 169-179.
  • Mousa, N. (2009). Investigating the differences in English language competence in the light of Gardner's social educational model. Journal of Research in Education and Psychology, 22(1), 346-385.
  • Park, G. & French, B. (2013). Gender differences in the foreign language classroom anxiety scale. System, 41: 462-471.
  • Saito, Y., Horwitz, E., & Garza, T. (1999). Foreign language reading anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 83, 2, 202-218.
  • Serraj, S. & Noordin, N. (2013). Relationship among Iranian EFL students’ foreign language anxiety, foreign language listening anxiety and their listening comprehension. English Language Teaching; 6 (5), 1-12.
  • Tóth, Z. (2008). A foreign language anxiety scale for Hungarian learners of English. Working Papers in Language Pedagogy, 2: 55-78.
  • Vogely, A. (1998). Listening comprehension anxiety: students' reported sources and solutions. Foreign Language Annals, 31(1), 67–80.
  • Walker, M. & Panayides, P. (2014). Rasch measurement in language research: creating the foreign language classroom anxiety inventory. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 10(4), 613–636. doi:10.5964/ejop.v10i4.782
  • Walker, M. & Panayides, P. (2013). Evaluating the psychometric properties of the foreign language classroom anxiety scale for Cypriot senior high school EFL students: the Rasch measurement approach. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 9(3), 493–516. doi:10.5964/ejop.v9i3.611
  • Woodrow, L. (2006). Anxiety and Speaking English as a Second Language. RELC Journal, 37(3), 308-328. doi: 10.1177/0033688206071315.
  • Worde, R. (1998). An investigation of students’ foreign language anxiety. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service).http://www.eric.ed.gov.
  • Young, D. J. (1991). An investigation of students’ perspectives on anxiety and speaking. Foreign Language Annals, 23(6), 539-553.
  • Zhang, X. (2013). Foreign language listening anxiety and listening performance: Conceptualizations and causal relationships. System, 41, 164-177.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mustafa Khalaf Ali This is me

Publication Date May 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ali, M. . . K. (2017). English Language Anxiety: Development and Validation of a Brief Measure. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 4(2), 42-53. https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2017.02.005