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An Innovative Intervention Method in the Treatment of Fear of Birth: Haptotherapy

Year 2022, , 316 - 321, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1004943

Abstract

Fear of childbirth is an issue that should not be ignored because it can cause serious problems in terms of maternal and infant health. It is necessary to reduce the fear of birth of pregnant women who experience fear of childbirth at various levels, and to increase their motivation for normal vaginal delivery, their awareness of their skills and their self-efficacy. In our country, there is no standard application protocol for reducing the fear of childbirth in pregnant women. Haptotherapy is an intervention protocol that includes a birth simulation that changes the way of cognitive and perceptual interpretation of giving birth, allows the birth to be perceived as a more normal and positive event and ultimately reduces the fear of childbirth in the pregnant woman, enabling the formation and development of certain skills in the woman. Haptotherapy is effective in reducing the fear of childbirth by making pregnant women aware of their negative feelings and thoughts, increasing women's self-efficacy and directing their birth preferences to vaginal birth. Women's health also means baby, family and community health. The birth of healthy generations depends on the physical, social and psychological well-being of the pregnant woman and it is necessary for the woman to be prepared for pregnancy, birth after conception, and motherhood away from all kinds of fear, anxiety and stress. In this context, it is important to evaluate the effect of haptotherapy on fear of childbirth, which is not yet known, not applied and clinical studies have not been conducted in our country, and to examine the effects of haptotherapy's effect and importance on maternal and infant health in the light of the literature.

References

  • Referans1 Adams SS, Eberhard-Gran M, Eskild A. (2012) Fear of childbirth and duration of labour: A study of women with intended vaginal delivery. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 119(10):1238–46.
  • Referans2 Boz İ, Akgün M (2020) Doğum korkusu yönetiminde İnsan Bakım Kuramı’na temelli psikoeğitim programı ve ön uygulama sonuçları. Koç Üniversitesi Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 17(2):180-6. doi:10.5222/HEAD.2020.9230
  • Alessandra S, Roberta L (2013) Tokophobia: When fear of childbirth prevails. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1(1):1-18.
  • Aslan Ş, Okumuş F (2017) The Influence of childbirth expectation on primiparous women’s perceptions of their birth experience. Arc Health Sci Res, 4(1):32-40. doi: 10.17681/hsp.287497.
  • Bolsoy N, Çelik N, Şimşek HN (2019) Doğum korkusu yaşayan kadınlarda psiko-eğitim obstetrik ve maternal sonuçları iyileştirir mi? Sistematik inceleme. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 12(1):82-90.
  • Mete S, Çiçek Ö, Aluş Tokat M, Çamlibel M, Uludağ E (2017). Doğuma hazırlık sınıflarının doğum korkusu, doğum tercihi ve doğuma hazır oluşluğa etkisi. Türkiye Klinikleri Hemşirelik Bilimleri, 9(3):201-6.
  • Demšar K, Svetina M, Verdenik I, Tul N, Blickstein I, Velikonja VG (2017) Tokophobia (fear of childbirth): Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 46(2):151-4.
  • Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy DK, Buist A, Turkstra E, Sneddon A, Scuffham PA, Ryding EL, Jarrett V, Toohill J (2013) Study protocol for reducing childbirth fear: A midwife led Psycho education intervention. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13:11 6.
  • Fenwick J, Toohill J, Creedy D, Smith J, Gamble J (2015) Sources, responses and moderators of childbirth fear in Australian women: A qualitative investigation. Midwifery, 31:239 46.
  • Karabulutlu Ö (2012) Kadınların doğum şekli tercihlerini etkileyen faktörler. Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Dergisi, 20(3):210-8.
  • Kjaergaard H, Wijma K, Dykes A, Alehagen S (2008) Fear of childbirth in obstetrically low-risk nulliparous women in Sweden & Denmark. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 26:340–50.
  • Klabbers GA, Wijima K, Paarberg KM, Emons WH, Vingerhoets AJ (2014) Treatment of severe fear of childbirth with haptotherapy: Design of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,14:385.
  • Klabbers GA, Wijma K, Paarlberg KM, Emons WHM, Vingerhoets AJJM (2019) Haptotherapy as a new intervention for treating fear of childbirth: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 40(1):38-47.
  • Klabbers GA. Paarlberg KM (2018) Vingerhoets A. Does Haptotherapy benefit mother-child bonding? International Journal of Haptonomy and Haptotherapy, 3(1):1-7
  • Klabbers GA, Wijma, K. Paarlberg KM, Wilco HME, Vingerhoets AJJM (2017) Vingerhoets. Haptotherapy as a new intervention for treating fear of childbirth: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 40(1):38-47. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2017.1398230
  • Larsson C, Saltvedt S, Edman G, Wiklund I, Andolf E (2011) Factors independently related to a negative birth experience in first-time mothers. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 2 (2):83-89.
  • Kordi M, Bakhshi M, Masoudi S, Esmaily H (2017) Effect of a childbirth psychoeducation program on the level of fear of childbirth in primigravid women. Evidence Based Care Journal, 7:26-34. doi: 10.22038/ EBCJ.2017.25676.1575.
  • Nieminen K, Andersson G, Wijma B, Ryding EL, Wijma K (2016) Treatment of nulliparous women with severe fear of childbirth via the Internet: A feasibility study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 37(2):37-43.
  • Nieminen K, Stephansson O, Ryding EL (2009) Women‘s fear of childbirth and preference for cesarean section-a cros-sectional study at various stages of pregnancy in Sweden. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 88:807–13.
  • Okumus F, Sahin N (2017) Fear of childbirth in urban and rural regions of Turkey: Comparison of two resident populations. Northern Clinics of İstanbul, 4(3):247- 256.
  • Rouhe H, Salmela-Aro K, Halmesmaki E, Saisto T (2009) Fear of childbirth according to parity: Gestational age, and obstetric history. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116(1):67–73.
  • Rouhe H, Salmela-Aro K, Toivanen R, Tokola M, Halmesmäki E, Saisto T (2013) Obstetric outcome after ıntervention for severe fear of childbirth in nulliparous women–randomised trial. BJOG, 120(1):75-84.
  • Sercekuş P, Okumuş H (2009) Fears associated with childbirth among nulliparous women in Turkey. Midwifery, 25:155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2007.02.005.
  • Sezen C, Ünsalver BÖ (2019) Group art therapy for the management of fear of childbirth. Arts Psychother, 64:9-19.
  • Shakeri M (2014). Effect of physiologic labor on pain ıntensity during active phase of labor. Researcher, 6(6):10-3.
  • Taşkın L (2020) Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği, 16. baskı. Ankara, Akademisyen Kitabevi.
  • Toohill J, Creedy DK, Gamble J, Fenwick J (2015) A cross-sectional study to determine utility of childbirth fear screening in maternity practice-an Australian perspective. Women Birth, 28(4):310-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2015.05.002.
  • Toohill J, Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy DK, Buist A, Turkstra E, Ryding EL (2014) A randomized controlled trial of a psycho‐education intervention by midwives in reducing childbirth fear in pregnant women. Birth, 41(4):384-94.
  • Uçar E (2013) Wijma Doğum Beklentisi/Deneyimi Ölçeği B Versiyonu'nun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul, Haliç Üniversitesi.
  • Verhoeven D (2016). In touch, a history of the haptotherapy profession in the Netherlands. Hilversum, Dolly Verhoeven.
  • Wijma K, Wijma BA (2017) Woman afraid to deliver‐how to manage childbirth anxiety. Bio-Psycho-Social Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 3‐31. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40404-2_1

Doğum Korkusu Tedavisinde İnovatif Bir Müdahale Yöntemi: Haptoterapi

Year 2022, , 316 - 321, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1004943

Abstract

Doğum korkusu beraberinde anne ve bebek sağlığı açısından ciddi sorunlar meydana getirebilmesi nedeniyle göz ardı edilmemesi gereken bir konudur. Doğum korkusunu çeşitli düzeylerde yaşayan gebelerin doğuma ilişkin korkularının azaltılması, normal vajinal doğuma yönelik motivasyonlarının, becerilerine yönelik farkındalıklarının ve öz-yeterliliklerinin artırılması gerekmektedir. Ülkemizde gebe kadınlarda doğum korkusunun azaltılmasına yönelik standart bir uygulama protokolü bulunmamaktadır. Haptoterapi doğum yapmanın bilişsel ve algısal yorumlanma tarzını değiştiren ve doğumu daha normal ve olumlu bir olay olarak algılanmasını ve sonuçta gebe kadındaki doğum korkusunu azaltan, kadında belirli becerilerin oluşmasını ve gelişmesini sağlayan, bir doğum simülasyonunu içeren bir müdahale protokolüdür. Haptoterapi gebelerin olumsuz duygu ve düşüncelerinin farkına varmasını sağlanarak doğum korkusunun azaltılmasında, kadının öz-yeterliliğinin arttırılmasında ve doğum tercihlerinin vajinal doğuma yönlendirilmesinde etkili olmaktadır. Kadın sağlığı aynı zamanda bebek, aile ve toplum sağlığı demektir. Sağlıklı nesillerin dünyaya gelmesi gebe kadının fiziksel, sosyal ve psikolojik olmak üzere her yönden iyi olmasına bağlıdır ve kadın gebeliğe, gebe kaldıktan sonra doğuma, daha sonra anneliğe her türlü korku, endişe, stresten uzak hazırlanması gereklidir. Bu bağlamda ülkemizde henüz pek fazla bilinmeyen, uygulanmayan ve klinik bir çalışma yapılmayan haptoterapinin doğum korkusu üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi, haptoterapinin etkisinin ve öneminin anne ve bebek sağlığına olan etkilerinin yapıldığı çalışmaların literatür ışığında incelenmesi yapılacak çalışmalara yol göstermek adına önem arz etmektedir.

References

  • Referans1 Adams SS, Eberhard-Gran M, Eskild A. (2012) Fear of childbirth and duration of labour: A study of women with intended vaginal delivery. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 119(10):1238–46.
  • Referans2 Boz İ, Akgün M (2020) Doğum korkusu yönetiminde İnsan Bakım Kuramı’na temelli psikoeğitim programı ve ön uygulama sonuçları. Koç Üniversitesi Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 17(2):180-6. doi:10.5222/HEAD.2020.9230
  • Alessandra S, Roberta L (2013) Tokophobia: When fear of childbirth prevails. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1(1):1-18.
  • Aslan Ş, Okumuş F (2017) The Influence of childbirth expectation on primiparous women’s perceptions of their birth experience. Arc Health Sci Res, 4(1):32-40. doi: 10.17681/hsp.287497.
  • Bolsoy N, Çelik N, Şimşek HN (2019) Doğum korkusu yaşayan kadınlarda psiko-eğitim obstetrik ve maternal sonuçları iyileştirir mi? Sistematik inceleme. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 12(1):82-90.
  • Mete S, Çiçek Ö, Aluş Tokat M, Çamlibel M, Uludağ E (2017). Doğuma hazırlık sınıflarının doğum korkusu, doğum tercihi ve doğuma hazır oluşluğa etkisi. Türkiye Klinikleri Hemşirelik Bilimleri, 9(3):201-6.
  • Demšar K, Svetina M, Verdenik I, Tul N, Blickstein I, Velikonja VG (2017) Tokophobia (fear of childbirth): Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 46(2):151-4.
  • Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy DK, Buist A, Turkstra E, Sneddon A, Scuffham PA, Ryding EL, Jarrett V, Toohill J (2013) Study protocol for reducing childbirth fear: A midwife led Psycho education intervention. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13:11 6.
  • Fenwick J, Toohill J, Creedy D, Smith J, Gamble J (2015) Sources, responses and moderators of childbirth fear in Australian women: A qualitative investigation. Midwifery, 31:239 46.
  • Karabulutlu Ö (2012) Kadınların doğum şekli tercihlerini etkileyen faktörler. Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Dergisi, 20(3):210-8.
  • Kjaergaard H, Wijma K, Dykes A, Alehagen S (2008) Fear of childbirth in obstetrically low-risk nulliparous women in Sweden & Denmark. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 26:340–50.
  • Klabbers GA, Wijima K, Paarberg KM, Emons WH, Vingerhoets AJ (2014) Treatment of severe fear of childbirth with haptotherapy: Design of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,14:385.
  • Klabbers GA, Wijma K, Paarlberg KM, Emons WHM, Vingerhoets AJJM (2019) Haptotherapy as a new intervention for treating fear of childbirth: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 40(1):38-47.
  • Klabbers GA. Paarlberg KM (2018) Vingerhoets A. Does Haptotherapy benefit mother-child bonding? International Journal of Haptonomy and Haptotherapy, 3(1):1-7
  • Klabbers GA, Wijma, K. Paarlberg KM, Wilco HME, Vingerhoets AJJM (2017) Vingerhoets. Haptotherapy as a new intervention for treating fear of childbirth: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 40(1):38-47. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2017.1398230
  • Larsson C, Saltvedt S, Edman G, Wiklund I, Andolf E (2011) Factors independently related to a negative birth experience in first-time mothers. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 2 (2):83-89.
  • Kordi M, Bakhshi M, Masoudi S, Esmaily H (2017) Effect of a childbirth psychoeducation program on the level of fear of childbirth in primigravid women. Evidence Based Care Journal, 7:26-34. doi: 10.22038/ EBCJ.2017.25676.1575.
  • Nieminen K, Andersson G, Wijma B, Ryding EL, Wijma K (2016) Treatment of nulliparous women with severe fear of childbirth via the Internet: A feasibility study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 37(2):37-43.
  • Nieminen K, Stephansson O, Ryding EL (2009) Women‘s fear of childbirth and preference for cesarean section-a cros-sectional study at various stages of pregnancy in Sweden. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 88:807–13.
  • Okumus F, Sahin N (2017) Fear of childbirth in urban and rural regions of Turkey: Comparison of two resident populations. Northern Clinics of İstanbul, 4(3):247- 256.
  • Rouhe H, Salmela-Aro K, Halmesmaki E, Saisto T (2009) Fear of childbirth according to parity: Gestational age, and obstetric history. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116(1):67–73.
  • Rouhe H, Salmela-Aro K, Toivanen R, Tokola M, Halmesmäki E, Saisto T (2013) Obstetric outcome after ıntervention for severe fear of childbirth in nulliparous women–randomised trial. BJOG, 120(1):75-84.
  • Sercekuş P, Okumuş H (2009) Fears associated with childbirth among nulliparous women in Turkey. Midwifery, 25:155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2007.02.005.
  • Sezen C, Ünsalver BÖ (2019) Group art therapy for the management of fear of childbirth. Arts Psychother, 64:9-19.
  • Shakeri M (2014). Effect of physiologic labor on pain ıntensity during active phase of labor. Researcher, 6(6):10-3.
  • Taşkın L (2020) Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği, 16. baskı. Ankara, Akademisyen Kitabevi.
  • Toohill J, Creedy DK, Gamble J, Fenwick J (2015) A cross-sectional study to determine utility of childbirth fear screening in maternity practice-an Australian perspective. Women Birth, 28(4):310-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2015.05.002.
  • Toohill J, Fenwick J, Gamble J, Creedy DK, Buist A, Turkstra E, Ryding EL (2014) A randomized controlled trial of a psycho‐education intervention by midwives in reducing childbirth fear in pregnant women. Birth, 41(4):384-94.
  • Uçar E (2013) Wijma Doğum Beklentisi/Deneyimi Ölçeği B Versiyonu'nun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul, Haliç Üniversitesi.
  • Verhoeven D (2016). In touch, a history of the haptotherapy profession in the Netherlands. Hilversum, Dolly Verhoeven.
  • Wijma K, Wijma BA (2017) Woman afraid to deliver‐how to manage childbirth anxiety. Bio-Psycho-Social Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 3‐31. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40404-2_1
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Review
Authors

Rukiye Demir 0000-0003-4649-6403

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Acceptance Date December 20, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

AMA Demir R. Doğum Korkusu Tedavisinde İnovatif Bir Müdahale Yöntemi: Haptoterapi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. September 2022;14(3):316-321. doi:10.18863/pgy.1004943

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