Davranım Bozukluğu: Güncel Bir Bakış

Year 2024, , 72 - 87, 31.03.2024

Ahmet Özbay , Osman Özçelik , Süleyman Kahraman

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1331287

Abstract

Davranım bozukluğu (DB) çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri kliniklerine bakıldığında toplumsal ve uluslararası farklılıklar olmakla beraber fazla rastlanan etiyolojisi oldukça heterojen olan ciddi bir ruhsal bozukluktur. DB, başkalarının temel haklarını, bulunduğu yaşa uygun sosyal norm ve değerleri ya da var olan kuralların istikrarlı olarak agresif davranış örüntüleriyle çiğnenmesi olarak tanımlanabilir. DSM-II’den beri çeşitli başlıklar altında tanımlanmıştır ve en son DSM-5’te “Yıkıcı Bozukluklar, Dürtü Denetim ve Davranım Bozuklukları” başlığı altında tanımlanmıştır. Etiyolojisinde genetik faktörler, bireysel faktörler ve psikososyal faktörler rol alarak geniş bir etiyolojiyi oluşturmaktadır. Başlangıcı çocukluğa dayansa da yardım aranmadığı takdirde daha ciddi daha başka ruhsal bozukluklara sebep olmaktadır. DB' nin birçok ruhsal bozuklukla da komorbiditesi vardır. Bu nedenle ayırıcı tanının iyi yapılması ve etkili bir tedavi seçeneği oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Tedavide kendine özgü bir ilacı yoktur. Farklı disiplinler bir araya gelerek uzun süre çalışarak başarılı sonuçlar elde edebilir. Bu yazıda genel olarak DB' nin tanımı, DSM-5 tanı kriterleri, epidemiyolojisi, etiyolojisi, eş tanı, ayırıcı tanı, prognoz ve tedavi yaklaşımları gözden geçirilmiştir.

Keywords

davranım bozukluğu, çocuk-ergen, ruh sağlığı

Conduct Disorder: An Update

Abstract

Conduct disorder is a serious mental disorder with a heterogeneous etiology that is frequently encountered in child and adolescent psychiatric clinics, although there are social and international differences. Conduct disorder can be defined as violating the basic rights of others, age-appropriate social norms and values, or existing rules with consistently aggressive behavioral patterns. It has been defined under various headings since DSM-II and most recently in DSM-5 under the heading "Disruptive Disorders, Impulse Control and Conduct Disorders". Genetic, individual, and psychosocial factors play a role in the etiology and constitute a broad etiology. Although its onset dates to childhood, if assistance is not sought, it can lead to more serious mental disorders. Conduct disorders are associated with several mental disorders. Therefore, a differential diagnosis should be made and an effective treatment option should be established. No specific medications were available for treatment. Different disciplines can collaborate for a long time to achieve successful results. In this article, the definition of conduct disorder, DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiology, comorbidity, differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment approaches are reviewed.

Keywords

conduct disorder, child-adolescent, mental health

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