Melatonin: Genel Özellikleri ve Psikiyatrik Bozukluklardaki Rolü

Öz

Melatonin hormonu, son yıllarda tüm dünyada gittikçe artan bir ilgiyle araştırılmaktadır. Ana görevi vücudun biyolojik saatini koruyup ritmini ayarlamak olan melatonin, vücudun birçok biyolojik ve fizyolojik süreçlerinde yer alır. Hücrelerin yenilenmesi, bağışıklık siteminin güçlenmesi, uyku ritminin ve vücut ısısının düzenlenmesi diğer önemli görevleri arasındadır. Lipofilik özelliği nedeniyle bilinen en güçlü antioksidandır. Bu özelliği sayesinde tüm vücut alanlarına ulaşabilmekte ve kan-beyin bariyerini geçebilmektedir. Uyku problemi olan kişilerde melatoninin düşük düzeyde bulunması, ilaç olarak kullanımını akla getirmektedir. Yapılan uygulamaların ardından melatoninin uyku total süresini değiştirmeden uyku kalitesini artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak yaygın araştırılmasına rağmen melatoninin işlevleri halen tamamıyla bilinmemektedir. Bu nedenle melatonin ile ilgili mevcut bilgilerin gözden geçirilmesi, bu alanda araştırma yapanlara rehberlik edecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melatonin, uyku, biyolojik saat, antioksidan

Melatonin: General Features and its Role in Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract

In recent years, there is a growing interest in melatonin all over the world. The main task of protecting the body's biological clock, which set the rhythm of melatonin, involves many biological and physiological processes of the body. Cell renewal, strengthening of the immune system and body temperature regulation are other tasks of melatonin. Melatonin, with its lipophilic property, is the most powerful antioxidant as it can reach all body areas and can easily pass the blood-brain barrier. The fact that individuals with low levels of melatonin have sleep problems lead to the consideration of melatonin as a therapeutic medicine in this field. The detailed researches have shown that melatonin can improve sleep quality without changing the total duration of sleep. Nevertheless, despite high number of researches done, the functions of melatonin have not yet fully understood. Therefore, review of the available information related to melatonin will be guide for researchers in the field.

Keywords

• Melatonin, sleep, biological clock, antioxidant.

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