Etiology of Food Addiction

Abstract

Food addiction is a new topic of focus in the scientific literature. Food intake might be concerned as food addiction in some cases, especially in obese cases and over-eaters. Addiction like behaviours are commonly observed mong these people. Recent animal, epidemiological, clinical and genetic studies partly shows the clinical validity of food addiction while the neurobiological studies focused on the similarity between the reward systems present in obesity and drug addiction. However some studies still emphasizes the differences between two. The aim of this article was to review clinical and biological aspects of etiological perspectives of food addiction via available clinical, preclinical and genetic studies.

Keywords

• Etiology, food addiction, neurobiology

Yeme Bağımlılığının Etyolojisi

Öz

Yeme bağımlılığı kavramı bilimsel literatürde son yıllarda gündemde olan bir kavramdır. Özellikle obez ve aşırı yemek yiyen kişilerde yemenin bir tür bağımlılığa dönüşebildiği ileri sürülmekte ve bu kişilerde gözlenen davranışların bağımlılıkta sıklıkla gözlenen temel belirtilerle örtüşebildiği belirtilmektedir. Yapılan laboratuvar, epidemiyolojik, klinik ve genetik araştırmaların sonuçları yeme bağımlılığı modelinin klinik geçerliliğini kısmen gösterse de nörobiyolojik araştırmalar daha çok obezite ve madde bağımlılığında ödül sisteminde ortaya çıkan benzerlikleri ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmaların bir bölümü ise halen belirgin farklılıkların olduğuna vurgu yapmaktadır. Bu derleme yazısında yeme bağımlılığı kavramının klinik ve biyolojik özellikleri etyolojik açıdan ele alınmış ve bu konuda yapılan ağırlıklı olarak preklinik, klinik ve genetik araştırmaların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etiyoloji, yeme bağımlılığı, nörobiyoloji

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