Risk Factors and Impulsivity in Obesity

Abstract

In addition to genetic tendency, social, cultural, emotional and diet-related factors play important role in the development of obesity. Impulsivity is the possible predictor of relapse in obesity treatment. Impulsivity is also considered as a predicting factor among patients who quit the treatment. Research has shown that obese people are more impulsive than other people. Impulsive features are especially found to be higher with those who have binge eating disorder. Impulsive people appears to have no control over their behaviors on eating and they have more interest towards food with higher calories. Another issue that strengthens the assocaition between obesity and impulsivity is the obesity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Dopaminergic deficiency in the reward centre of the brain can be a common pathway for both attention deficit and obesity. Several approaches have been searched and put forward to sustain the patients' lost weights after diet. Specific cognitive behavioral approaches developed for the treatment of impulsive behavior could contribute much into obesity treatment . Obesity is a chronic disease that requires long term treatment and follow up.

Keywords

• Impulsivity, Obesity, Treatment, Risk Factors

Obezitede Çeşitli Risk Faktörleri ve Dürtüsellik

Öz

Obezite gelişiminde, genetikle birlikte sosyal, kültürel, emosyonel ve diyete bağlı faktörler de rol oynamaktadır. Obezite tedavisinde kilo alımının yinelemesinin muhtemel bir öngörücüsü dürtüselliktir. Dürtüsellik ayrıca tedaviyi yarıda bırakma için de öngörücü bir faktör olarak gösterilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda obez kişilerin zayıf olanlara göre daha dürtüsel oldukları gösterilmiştir. Özellikle tıkınırcasına yeme bozukluğu olanlarda dürtüsel özellikler yüksek bulunmuştur. Dürtüsel kişilerin yeme davranışı üzerindeki kontrollerini sağlayamadıkları ve lezzetli, yüksek kalorili besinlere karşı ilgilerinin fazla olduğu belirtilmiştir. Obezite ve dürtüsellik ilişkisini güçlendiren bir diğer konu da dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu tanısı almış çocuklardaki obezitedir. Beynin ödül merkezindeki dopaminerjik yetersizliğin, dikkat eksikliği ve obezite için ortak etyolojik yol olabileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Çoğu araştırmacı artık kilo kaybetmeye yönelik tedavi yanında kaybedilen kiloyu koruyabilmeye yönelik yaklaşımları da araştırmaktadır. Dürtüsel davranışı azaltmada kullanılan özgül bilişsel davranışçı terapi uygulamalarının obezite tedavisinin bir parçası olarak uygulanması tedavinin başarısını artıracaktır. Obezitenin kronik bir hastalık olduğu unutulmamalı ve uzun süreli takip ve tedaviler planlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dürtüsellik, Obezite, Tedavi, Risk Faktörleri

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