Night Eating Disorders

Abstract

Hunger is an awakening related biological impulse. The relationship between hunger and sleep is moderated by the control of homeostatic and circadian rhytms of the body. Abnormal eating behavior during sleep period could result from different causes. Abnormal eating during the main sleep period has been categorized as either night eating syndrome or sleep related eating disorder. Night eating syndrome (NES) is an eating disorder characterised by the clinical features of morning anorexia, evening hyperphagia, and insomnia with awakenings followed by nocturnal food ingestion. Recently night eating syndrome, conceptualized as a delayed circadian intake of food. Sleep-related eating disorder, thought to represent a parasomnia and as such included within the revised International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-2), and characterized by nocturnal partial arousals associated with recurrent episodes of involuntary food consumption and altered levels of consciousness. Whether, however, sleep-related eating disorder and night eating syndrome represent different diseases or are part of a continuum is still debated. This review summarizes their characteristics, treatment outcomes and differences between them.

Keywords

• Night eating syndrome, sleep-related eating disorder, obesity

Gece Yeme Bozuklukları

Öz

Açlık uyanıklıkla ilişkili bir biyolojik dürtüdür. Açlık ve uyku arasındaki ilişki ise, homeostatik ve sirkadiyen ritimlerin kontrolü ile düzenlenir. Uyku dönemi sırasında olan anormal yeme davranışı, farklı nedenlerden kaynaklanabilmektedir.Asıl uyku periyodu sırasındaki anormal yeme davranışları ya gece yeme sendromu ya da uykuyla ilişkili yeme bozukluğu olarak adlandırılır. Gece yeme sendromu sabahları anoreksi, akşam hiperfaji ve uykudan uyanma sonrası nokturnal yemek yemelerin, insomniaya eşlik ettiği bir yeme bozukluğudur. Son zamanlarda gece yeme sendromu yiyeceklerin yenmesinde sirkadiyen gecikme şeklinde kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Uykuyla ilişkili yeme bozukluğu Uluslararası Uyku Bozuklukları Sınıflandırmasında da yer alan bir parasomni-dir ve uyku sırasında yineleyici şekilde ortaya çıkan istem dışı yemek yeme episodları ve değişen düzeylerde uyanıklık ile karakterizedir. Ancak uykuyla ilişkili yeme bozukluğu ve gece yeme sendromunun farklı hastalıklar mı yoksa bir bütünün parçaları mı olduğu halen tartışmalıdır. Bu derleme yazısında her iki bozukluğun özellikleri, tedavi sonuçları ve aralarındaki farklılıklar özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gece yeme sendromu, uykuyla ilişkili yeme bozukluğu, obezite

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