Bir Psikiyatri Hastanesinde Yatan Hastalardaki Ölümlerin Epidemiyolojik Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerin genel nüfusa göre daha yüksek erken ölüm oranlarına sahip olduğu ve tüm ruhsal bozukluk türlerinin kısa yaşam beklentisi ile ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda, psikiyatrik yatan hastalarda hem doğal hem de doğal olmayan nedenlerden kaynaklanan ölümlerin değerlendirilmesi, psikiyatrik bakımın kalitesini ve planlamasını iyileştirmeye yardımcı olabilecek veriler sağlayan mortalite epidemiyolojisi açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu retrospektif, kesitsel çalışmanın evrenini Mayıs 2002-Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında Manisa Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesi'nde yatarak tedavi gören ve ölen hastalar oluşturmaktadır. Yatarak tedavi gören 120 hastadan %63,9'u erkek, %36,1'i kadın olmak üzere 119 hasta çalışma örneklemine dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmanın kapsadığı dönem boyunca ölüm oranı %3,2'den %0,22'ye düşmüştür. Kalite ve akre-ditasyon süreçlerinin başladığı yıl olan 2013 öncesi ölüm oranları ile 2013 sonrası fark ise %74.8’den %25.2’ye gerilemiştir. Doğal ölümlerin %45,4'ü kardiyak arrest nedeniyle gerçekleşirken, doğal olmayan ölümlerin %100'ü intihar nedeniyle meydana gelmiştir. Kısa hastanede kalış süreleri ve hastaneye yatışın ilk haftasında yakın takip, psikiyatrik yatan hastalarda ölüm oranlarını azaltmada esastır. Ayrıca, ulusal ve uluslararası kalite ve akreditasyon kriterlerine uygun olarak sağlık bakım kalitesinin artırılması, psikiyatrik yatan hastalarda ölüm oranlarını daha da azaltacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mortalite
• Epidemiyoloji
• Hastane
• Psikiyatri

Epidemiologic Assessment of Mortality among Inpatients in a Psychiatric Hospital

Abstract

Individuals with psychiatric disorders have higher early mortality rates than the general population, and all types of mental disorders are associated with a short life expectancy. In this context, assessment of the mortali-ties of both natural and unnatural causes in psychiatric inpatients is of critical importance in terms of mortality epidemiology, which provides data that can help improve the quality and planning of psychiatric care. The popu-lation of this study retrospective, cross-sectional study consisted of inpatients that died in Manisa Mental Health and Diseases Hospital between May 2002 and December 2022. Of the 120 inpatients that died, 119 patients, 63.9% male, and 36.1% female, were included in the study sample. The mortality rate decreased from 3.2% to 0.22% during the period covered by the study. The difference between mortality rates before 2013, when qua-lity and accreditation processes started, and after 2013 has decreased from 74.8% to 25.2%. Of the natural deaths, 45.4% were caused by cardiac arrest, whereas 100% of the unnatural deaths occurred due to suicides. Short hospital stays and close follow-up in the first week of hospitalization are essential in reducing mortality rates in psychiatric inpatients. In addition, increasing the quality of health care in accordance with the national and international quality and accreditation criteria will further reduce the mortality rates in psychiatric inpati-ents.

Keywords

• Mortality
• epidemiology
• psychiatry
• psychiatric hospital

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