Motivational Interview Technique for Life Style Change in Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease in the etiology of which environmental factors, genetic predisposition and lifestyle preferences are involved. It is known that only with healthy life change, diabetes mellitus type II can be prevented or delayed by supplying a decrease in risk at the rate of 44-58%. Motivational interview, which is an individual centered and a technique focusing on making an individual conscious is an approach enhancing motivation for a change in attitude and behavior and in which therapeutic communication skills are used. Motivational interview is a promising application which has a positive effect on the self-management and glycemic levels of individuals and which is also helpful to healthy nutrition/meal planning, physical activity, foot care, psycho-social adaptation, checking glucose level in blood at home, regular drug taking medical checkups. Motivational interview can be used by various health professionals. In this study, the use of motivational interview based on structured Roy adaptation model technique in life style change of adults with diabetes mellitus type II are theoretically discussed.

Keywords

• Motivational Interview,Life Style Change,Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus’ta Yaşam Tarzı Değişimi için Motivasyonel Görüşme Tekniği

Öz

Diabetes mellitus etyolojisinde, çevresel faktörler,  genetik yatkınlık ve yaşam tarzı tercihlerinin yer aldığı, kronik metabolik bir hastalıktır. Diyabetin yalnızca sağlıklı yaşam tarzı değişikliği ile %44-58 oranında risk azalması sağlayarak önlenebileceği veya geciktirilebileceği belirtilmektedir. Birey merkezli, bireyi bilinçlendirmeye odaklı motivasyonel görüşme, davranış değişimi için motivasyonu teşvik eden, terapötik iletişim becerilerinin kullanıldığı bir yaklaşımdır. Motivasyonel görüşme, diabetes mellitus tip II tanılı bireylerin öz-yönetimleri ve glisemik düzeyleri üzerine pozitif etkisi olan, sağlıklı beslenme/öğün planlaması, fiziksel aktivite, günlük ayak bakımı, psikososyal uyum, evde kan şekeri takibi, düzenli ilaç kullanımı ve tıbbi kontroller gibi diyabet özbakım uygulamalarını ve hastalığa uyumlarını sağlamaya yardımcı olabilen umut verici bir girişimdir. Bu çalışmada Diabetes mellitus Tip II tanılı yetişkinlerde yaşam tarzı değişiminde Roy uyum modeline yapılandırılan motivasyonel görüşme tekniğinin kullanımı kuramsal olarak tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Motivasyonel görüşme,Yaşam tarzı değişimi

References

1. ADA (American Diabetes Association) (2016) Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 39 (Suppl 1):1-105.
2. Alkrisat M, Dee V (2014) The validation of the Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale based on the Roy adaptation model. J Nurs Meas, 22: 368-380.
3. Brug J, Spikmans F, Aartsen C, Breedveld B, Bes R, Fereira I (2007) Training dietitians in basic motivational interviewing skills results in changes in their counseling style and in lower saturated fat intakes in their patients. J Nutr Educ Behav, 39:8-12.
4. Burrel G, Morgan G (1998) Sociological Paradigms and Organizational Analysis Elements of the Sociology of Corporate Life. New Hampshire, Heinemann Educational Books.
5. Calhoun D, Brod R, Kirlin K, Howard B, Schuldberg D, Fiore C (2010) Effectiveness of motivational interviewing for improving self-care among Northern Plains Indians with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Spectr, 23:107-114.
6. Chen S, Creedy D, Lin H, Wollin J (2012) Effects of motivational interviewing intervention on self-management, psychological and glycemic outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud, 49:637-644.
7. Clark M (2004) Adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Nurs, 8:386-391.
8. Çatal E, Dicle A (2014) Teori-araştırma bileşeni: Roy’un uyum modeli örneği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7:33-45.

9. Dart AM (2011) Motivational Interviewing in Nursing Practice: Empowering the Patient. Ontario, Jones and Bartlett Publication.
10. Dellasega C, Añel-Tiangco R, Gabbay R(2012) How patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus respond to motivational interviewing. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 95:37-41.
11. Eriksson K, Lindgärde F (1991) Prevention of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus by diet and physical exercise: the 6-year Malmö feasibility study. Diabetologia, 34:891-898.
12. Erol Ursavaş F, Karayurt Ö, İşeri Ö (2014) Nursing approach based on Roy adaptation model in a patient under going breast conserving surgery for breast cancer. J Breast Health, 10:134-140.
13. Fawcett J, Garity J (2009) Evaluating Research for Evidence-Based Nursing Practice. Philadelphia, FA Davis Company.
14. Fawcett J (2006) Contemporary Nursing Knowledge Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Models and Theories. New York, Guilford Press.
15. Gombrich EH (2007) Sanatın Öyküsü (Çev. E Erduran, Ö Erduran). İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi.
16. Haas L, Maryniuk M, Beck J, Cox C, Duker P, Youssef G et al. (2014) National standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Diabetes Care, 37(Suppl 1):S144-S153.
17. Hanna DR, Roy C (2001) Roy adaptation model and perspectives on the family. Nurs Sci Q, 14:9-13.
18. Heinrich E, de Vries N, Candel M, Schaper N (2010) Effect evaluation of a Motivational Interviewing based counseling strategy in diabetes care. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 90:270-278.
19. Hill Rice V (2000) Handbook of Stress, Coping and Health: Implications for Nursing Research Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks, Sage Publication.
20. IDF (International Diabetes Federation) (2015) IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition. Brussels, International Diabetes Federation.
21. Lakerveld J, Bot S, Chinapaw M, van Tulder M, Kostense P, Nijpels G et al. (2013) Motivational interviewing and problem solving treatment to reduce type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in real life: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 10:47.
22. Li G, Yang W, Gong Q, Li H, An Y, Bennett P et al. (2008) The long-term effect of lifestyle interventions to prevent diabetes in the China Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study: a 20-year follow-up study. Lancet, 371:1783-1789.
23. Lindström J, Peltonen M, Eriksson J, Hemiö K, Valle T, Sundvall J et al. (2006) Sustained reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: follow-up of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Lancet, 368:1673-1679.
24. Masters K (2015) Nursing Theories: A Framework for Professional Practice. Mississippi, Jones & Bartlett Learning.
25. Miller S, Marolen K, Beech B (2010) Perceptions of physical activity and motivational interviewing among rural african-american women with type 2 diabetes. Women's Health Issues, 20:43-49.
26. Miller ST, Oates VJ, Brooks MA, Shintani A, Gebretsadik T, Jenkins D (2014) Preliminary efficacy of group medical nutrition therapy and motivational ınterviewing among obese african american women with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study. J Obes, 2014:345941.
27. Miller W, Rollnick S(2002) Motivasyonel Görüşme İnsanları Değişime Hazırlama. (Çev ed. F Karadağ, K Öğel, EA Tezcan). Ankara, Hekimler Yayın Birliği.
28. Mulnier H (2013) FEND Conference 2013. European Diabetes Nursing, 10:96-97.
29. Muslu L, Ardahan M (2017) Tip 2 diyabet tanılı yetişkinlerde motivasyonel görüşmenin etkisi: sistematik derleme. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 10:167-176.
30. Muslu L (2016) Motivasyonel görüşme programının tip 2 diyabet tanılı yetişkinlerin başetme ve uyumlarına etkisi: bir eylem araştırması (Doktora tezi). İzmir, Ege Üniversitesi.
31. NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) (2016) Diabetes in Adults. London, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.
32. Lazano-Ortiz M, Salazar-Gonzalez BC (2007) Perceived stress and adaptation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aquichan, 7:77-84.
33. Ögel K (2009) Motivasyonel görüşme tekniği. Türkiye Klinikleri Psychiatry-Special Topics, 2(2):41-44.
34. Rollnick S, Miller WR, Butler CC (2008) Motivational Interviewing in Health Care Helping Patients Change Behavior. New York, Guilford Press.
35. Roy SC (2008) Adversity and theory: the broad picture. Nurs Sci Q, 21:138-139.
36. Rubak S, Sandbæk A, Christensen B, Lauritzen T, Borch-Johnsen K (2009) General practitioners trained in motivational interviewing can positively affect the attitude to behavior change in people with type 2 diabetes. Scand J Prim Health Care, 27:172-179.
37. Sağlık Bakanlığı Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2011). Türkiye Diyabet Önleme Ve Kontrol Programı Eylem Planı (2011-2014). Ankara, Anıl Matbaası.
38. Satman L, Imamoǧlu Ş, Yilmaz C, Ayvaz, G, Çömlekçi A (2012) Diyabet Türkiye'de ve Dünya'da durum. Türkiye endokrinoloji ve metabolizma derneği Diabetes mellitus çalışma ve eğitim grubu raporu. Turkish Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 16(Suppl 1):3-47.
39. Stuckey H, Dellasega C, Graber N, Mauger D, Lendel I, Gabbay R (2009) Diabetes nurse case management and motivational interviewing for change (DYNAMIC): study design and baseline characteristics in the Chronic Care Model for type 2 diabetes. Contemp Clin Trials, 4:366–374.
40. Welch G, Zagarins ZE, Feinberg RG, Garb JL (2011). Motivational interviewing delivered by diabetes educators: does it improve blood glucose control among poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients? Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 91:54- 60.
41. West SD, Dilillo V, Bursac Z, Greene GP (2007) Motivational interviewing improves weight loss in women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 30:1081-1087.
42. Whittemore R, Chase KS, Mandle LC, Roy CS. (2002) Lifestyle change in type 2 diabetes a process model. Nurs Res, 51:18-25.
43. WHO (World Health Organization) (2016) Global Reports on Diabetes. Geneva, World Health Organization.