Use of Experience Sampling Method in the Assessment of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The Experience Sampling Method (ESM), which makes possible to make momentary assessment during daily life by using portable devices and applications, has been actively used in clinical psychology research along with accelerating technological developments in recent years. The use of this method might be highly functional in some problems characterized with fluctuating symptom severity such as anxiety disorders. Because it is aimed to investigate the current literature findings about the use of this method in research on anxiety disorders and to make inferences about main study findings in this systematic review, current empirical studies particularly on anxiety disorder symptoms performed with the ESM were screened and examined. Taking the recent DSM-5 revisions into account, specific keywords were determined and scanned in 4 different databases (Web of Science, ProQuest, PsycINFO and PubMed). Following the screening processes, 14 articles that matched with inclusion criteria were involved in the present study. Firstly, it is seen that those studies were performed by using ESM generally included the adults and female participants and assessments with experience sampling measurements by electronic devices took 9 days in avarage. Moreover, it is also observed that among the different categories of psychological disorders, were evalutions on momentary affect changes, post-event processing and rumination that were usually studied. In sum, it is considered that ESM is a functional method that can be used in the field of scientific research, and it may be beneficial that recognizing and extending the utilization of this method.

Keywords

• Experience sampling,ecological momentary assessment,anxiety disorders,systematic review

Deneyim Örnekleme Yönteminin Anksiyete Bozukluklarının Değerlendirilmesinde Kullanımı: Sistematik Bir Derleme

Öz

Günlük yaşam esnasında taşınabilir cihaz veya akıllı telefon uygulamalarıyla anlık ölçümler almayı mümkün kılan Deneyim Örnekleme Yöntemi (Experience Sampling Method, DÖY), son yıllarda hızlanan teknolojik gelişmeler ile beraber klinik psikoloji araştırmalarında aktif şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Özellikle anksiyete bozuklukları gibi belirti şiddetinde dalgalanmalar gözlenen bozukluklarda bu yöntemin etkin kullanımının oldukça işlevsel olduğu söylenebilir. Bu sistematik derlemede, DÖY’ün anksiyete bozukluklarında kullanış biçimlerini gözden geçirmek ve genel bulgulara ilişkin çıkarımlar yapmak hedeflendiği için alanyazında özellikle anksiyete bozukluklarına ait belirtileri DÖY ile değerlendiren güncel görgül çalışmalar sistematik olarak taranıp incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, DSM-5’te yapılan son değişiklikler göz önünde bulundurularak belirlenen anahtar kelimeler 4 farklı veri tabanında (Web of Science, ProQuest, PsycINFO ve PubMed) taranmış; tarama işleminin ardından belirlenen ölçütlere uygun olan 14 makale bu derlemeye dâhil edilmiştir. İlk olarak DÖY kullanılarak yapılan bu çalışmalarda, çoğunlukla yetişkin ve kadın örneklem grubu ile çalışıldığı ve deneyim örnekleme ölçümlerinin ortalama 9 gün boyunca elektronik cihazlar ile yapıldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca farklı bozukluk kategorilerine yönelik bu görgül çalışmalarda ortak olarak çoğunlukla anlık duygulanım değişimleri, olay sonrası işlemleme ve ruminasyon gibi ilişkili faktörlerin çalışıldığı görülmüştür. Özetle, DÖY’ün bilimsel araştırma alanında kullanılabilecek işlevsel bir yöntem olduğu ve bu açıdan yaygınlaşmasının faydalı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deneyim örnekleme,Anlık değerlendirme,Kaygı bozuklukları

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