Sigarayı Bırakma Tedavisinde Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapinin Etkililiği: Sistematik Bir Gözden Geçirme

Öz

Günümüzde sigara tüketimi neden olduğu ciddi hastalıklar hatta ölümler dolayısıyla dünya çapındaki önemli sorunlardan biridir. Örneklendirmek gerekirse tütün ve tütün kullanımının kanser, kalp ve damar bozuklukları ve felç gibi hastalıklara sebep olduğu bilimsel olarak kanıtlanmıştır. Bu konudaki çalışmaların artmasıyla araştırmacılar sigara tüketiminin altında yatan fizyolojik ve psikolojik bağımlılığı da keşfetmiştir. Sigara tüketiminin tehlikeli sonuçlar doğuruyor oluşu sebebiyle birçok tedavi seçeneği mevcuttur. Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi (BDT), sigarayı bırakma tedavisinde etkinliği kanıtlanmış bir yöntemdir. Bu sistematik gözden geçirme çalışmasında BDT’nin sigara bırakma tedavisinde etkisini inceleyen araştırmaların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla MEDLINE, PsychArticle and PsychINFO veritabanları taranmış ve belirlenen dahil etme/dışarıda bırakma kriterlerine göre değerlendirme sırasında fiziksel veya psikiyatrik herhangi bir tanısı olmayan ve ilaç kullanmayan 18 yaşından büyük katılımcıların bulunduğu çalışmalar gözden geçirmeye dahil edilmiştir. Kiterleri karşılayan 20 çalışma detaylı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak BDT temelli müdahalelerin özellikle de ilaç ve nikotin replasman tedavisi ile birleştirildiğinde sigara bırakma tedavisinde başarılı bir seçenek olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sigarayı bırakma,bilişsel-davranışçı terapi,tedavi,müdahale

Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Smoking has become one of the most prevalent problems worldwide that causes significant illnesses even deaths. To specify, it has been found that people suffer from cancers, heart diseases and strokes due to the use of tobacco. As soon as the investigations about this field progressed, researchers discovered the physiological and psychological dependence behind smoking. By the reason of its hazardous consequences, a variety of treatment options are now available. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is accepted as an effective method in treatment of smoking cessation. In this article, it is aimed to review the studies which investigate the effect of CBT on smoking cessation. For this purpose, MEDLINE, PsychINFO and PsychARTICLE databases has been searched and studies that include CBT intervention are selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Specifically, the studies in which the participants are not diagnosed with any psychological or physiological disorder, older than 18 years, and does not use any kind of medication were included to the review. 20 studies fitting the including criteria are assessed in detail. As a result, CBT-based treatments can be accepted as a successful method for smoking cessation, especially when combined with medication and NRT.

Keywords

• smoking cessation,cognitive-behavioral therapy,treatment,intervention

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