Kimlik Gelişimi: Anlatı Kimliği ve Kuşaklararası Anlatı Kimliği

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, alan yazında kimlik olgusunun gelişimi ve buna dair kuramların kimlik olgusundaki rolünü incelemektir. Erikson’un psikososyal kimlik kuramında, bireylerin biyolojik-bireysel-sosyal yönlerindeki değişkenlerin onların ego kimliği oluşturmalarında son derece önemli olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Erikson’dan sonra gelen ve onun fikirlerinden etkilenen kuramcıların ise kimliği çalışırken daha çok kimliğin bir yönünü merkeze aldıkları görülmüştür. Gelişim psikolojisi literatüründe daha çok kimlik oluşumunda bireysel-içsel faktör merkezli kuramlar ortaya konulmuştur. Son 30 yıllık zaman diliminde ise anlatı kuramcılarının kimlik oluşumunu ve gelişimini çalışarak Erikson’un kuramını bütüncül bir şekilde ele aldıkları görülmektedir. Anlatı kimlik formunda bireyler geçmişlerindeki deneyimlerden yola çıkarak bir hikaye formu oluşturmakta ve oluşturdukları bu hikaye formuna göre yaşayıp bir kimlik var etmektedirler. Bireyler anlatılar aracılığıyla kimliklerine dair tüm değişkenleri hikayeleştirerek anlattıklarından dolayı kimlik oluşumlarındaki tüm değişkenlerin ilişkisini ifade etme şansı bulmaktadırlar. Anlatı kuramcıları kimlik oluşumunda; öz hikayelerin, kuşaklararası hikayelerin, ana anlatıların, tarihsel ve sosyal olayların kimliği şekillendirdiğini ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır.

Keywords

• Kimlik,Anlatı Kimlik

Identity Development: Narrative Identity and Intergenerational Narrative Identity

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the development of identity and the role of identity theories on identity in the related literature. In Erikson's psychosocial identity theory, it is emphasized that the variables in the biological-individual-social aspects of the individuals are critical in ego identity formation. The theorists who came after Erikson and were influenced by his ideas were predominantly focused on one aspect of identity in their identity studies. In the developmental psychology literature, individual-internal factor centered theories have been put forward in the identity formation. In the last three decades, it is seen that narrative theorists have holistically studied Erikson's theory by examining identity formation and development. In the narrative identity form, individuals form a story based on their past experiences, and they live and form an identity according to the story they create. Individuals have the chance to express the relationship of all the variables in their identity formation because they narrate all the variables related to their identities through narratives. Narrative theorists have tried to clarify that self-stories, inter-generational stories, master narrative, historical and social events form an identity.

Keywords

• Identity,narrative identity

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