“Masal Terapi” Kitabının Duygu Odaklı Terapinin Temel Kavramları Açısından İncelenmesi

Year 2020, , 411 - 425, 29.12.2020

Fatma Nur Aras Kemer , Meliha Tuzgöl Dost

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.807954

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Duygu Odaklı Terapi (DOT) bireylerde kalıcı bir değişimin sağlanması için öncelikle duygular ile çalışılması gerektiğini savunmaktadır. DOT yaklaşımında danışanların duygusal değişiminin sağlanması için terapistler danışanla güven ve empatiye dayalı bir ilişki kurar. Duygu değişim sürecinin yanında DOT yaklaşımında psikoterapistler, duyguya ulaşmada ve duygusal yeniden yapılanmayı desteklemede duygusal odaklı müdahaleler kullanmaktadır. Bu süreçte duygusal müdahalelerden yararlanılabilmesi için DOT yaklaşımının temelini oluşturan kavramların öğrenilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Buradan yola çıkılarak, bu çalışmada, DOT yaklaşımının temel kavramlarının açıklanması ve bu kavramlar çerçevesinde “Masal Terapi” kitabında yer alan masallar ile bu masalların verdiği mesajların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla DOT yaklaşımında yer alan temel kavramlar (duygu, duygu koçluğu, duygusal zekâ, duygusal şema, duygu türleri) ve duygu değişim ilkeleri (duygusal farkındalık, duygusal dışavurum, duygusal düzenleme, duygusal yansıtma, duygunun dönüştürülmesi, düzeltici duygusal deneyim) açıklanmış ve “Masal Terapi” kitabından bazı masallar bu konularla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kitapta yer alan masalların DOT kavramlarıyla ilişkili olduğu ve psikoterapistlerin DOT sürecinde anlatılardan faydalanabileceği gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

Duygu, Duygu Odaklı Terapi, Masal Terapi, Kitap İncelemesi

Analysis of "Fairy Tale Therapy" Book in Terms of Basic Concepts of Emotion-Focused Therapy

Abstract

Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) proposes that in order to achieve a permanent change in individuals' behavior, it is necessary to work primarily with emotions. In EFT approach, therapists establish a relationship based on trust and empathy with clients in order to promote emotional change. In addition to the emotional change process, in EFT approach, psychotherapists use emotion focused interventions to reach emotion and support emotional restructuring. In this process, in order to benefit from emotional interventions, it is very essential to learn the concepts that form the basis of EFT approach. Accordingly, in this study, it is aimed to explain the basic concepts of EFT approach and to examine the tales in the book "Fairy Tale Therapy" and the messages given by these tales within the framework of these concepts. For this purpose, the basic concepts (emotion, emotion coaching, emotional intelligence, emotional schema, types of emotions) and the principles of emotional change (emotional awareness, emotional expression, emotional regulation, emotional reflection, emotion transformation, relational environment) in EFT approach have been explained and Some tales from the book "Fairy Tale Therapy" are associated with these concepts. As a result, it has been observed that the tales in the book are relevant to the concepts of EFT, and psychotherapists can benefit from narratives in EFT process.

Keywords

emotion, emotion focused therapy, fairy tale therapy

References

• Alder MC, Dyer WJ, Sandberg JG, Davis SY, Holt-Lunstad J. (2018) Emotionally-focused therapy and treatment as usual comparison groups in decreasing depression: A clinical pilot study. Am J Fam Ther, 46:541-555.
• Angus LE, Greenberg LS (2011) Working With Narrative İn Emotion-Focused Therapy: Changing Stories, Healing Lives. Washington, American Psychological Association.
• Buck R (1985) Prime theory: An integrated view of motivation and emotion. Psychological Review, 92:389-413.
• Dessaulles A, Johnson SM, Denton WH (2003) Emotion-focused therapy for couples in the treatment of depression: A pilot study. Am J Fam Ther, 31:345-353.
• Duman N (2018) Çocuk cinsel istismarında masalların terapötik kullanımı. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11:647-652.
• Elliott R, Greenberg LS (2007) The essence of process-experiential/emotion-focused therapy. Am J Psychother, 61: 241-254.
• Frijda NH (1986) The Emotions. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
• Gavas Aslan A ( 2019) Duygu odaklı terapinin diğer kuramlarla karşılaştırılmalı analizi. Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi, 2:110-116.
• Girard A, Woolley SR (2017) Using emotionally focused therapy to treat sexual desire discrepancy in couples. J Sex Marital Ther, 43:720-735.
• Golden K (1999). The therapeutic use of the fairy tale “The Buried Moon” to inspire hope in caregivers and their clients. J Poet Ther, 13: 65-72.
• Grayer, J. (2016) Emotionally focused therapy for couples: a safe haven from which to explore sex during and after cancer. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 31: 488-492.
• Greenberg L (2006) Emotion-focused therapy: A synopsis. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 36: 87-93.
• Greenberg LS (2002) Emotion-Focused Therapy: Coaching Clients To Work Through Their Feelings. Washington, American Psychological Association.
• Greenberg LS (2004) Emotion-focused therapy. Clin Psychol Psychother, 11: 3–16.
• Greenberg LS (2007) Emotion coming of age. Clin Psychol (New York), 17:414-421.
• Greenberg LS (2010) Emotion-focused therapy: An overview. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4: 3-12.
• Greenberg LS (2011) Emotion-Focused Therapy. Washington, American Psychological Association.
• Greenberg LS, Goldman R (2009) Duygu Odaklı Terapide Vaka Formülayonu. In Psikoterapi Vaka Formülasyonu El Kitabı, (Eds TD Eels): 507-550. İstanbul, Litera Yayıncılık.
• Greenberg LS, Paivio S (1997) Working With Emotions İn Psychotherapy. New York, Guildford Press.
• Greenberg LS, Safran JD (1989) Emotion in psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 44: 19–29.
• Hazrati M, Hamid TA, Ibrahim R, Hassan SA, Sharif F, Bagheri Z. (2017) The effect of emotional focused intervention on spousal emotional abuse and marital satisfaction among elderly married couples: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery, 5: 329-341.
• Hill L (1992) Fairy tales: Visions for problem resolution in eating disorders. J Couns Dev, 70: 584-587.
• Hosheyar M, Mahvishirazi M (2015) Comparison of emotional schema and coping strategies in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and healthy people. Ind J Fund Appl Life Sci, 5:4762-4771.
• Johnson SM, Simakhodskaya Z, Moran M (2018) Addressing issues of sexuality in couples therapy: Emotionally focused therapy meets sex therapy. Curr Sex Health Rep, 10: 65-71.
• Khayyat-Abuaita U, Paivio S, Pascual-Leone A, Harrington S (2019). Emotional processing of trauma narratives is a predictor of outcome in emotion-focused therapy for complex trauma. Psychotherapy, 56(4), 526–536.
• Lazarus, R. S. (1984). On the primacy of cognition. American Psychologist, 39:124-129.
• LeDoux J (1998) The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings Of Emotional Life. New York, Simon and Schuster.
• Lewis M, Michalson L (1983) Children's Emotions And Moods. New York, Plenum Press.
• Liberman JM (2015).Masal Terapi (Çev. İ Erdener). İstanbul, Doğan Novus Yayıncılık.
• Liberman JM (2020) Judith maika liberman keynote speaker. https://www.speakeragency.co.uk/speaker-profile/judith-malika-liberman (Accessed 13.08.2020).
• Loginova O (2015) Fairytale therapy in work with the adults and children. https://www.olga2901l.narod.ru/skazkoterap_ingl.html (Accessed 08.07.2020).
• Mikaeili N, Molavi P, Einy S, Tagavy R. (2017) Effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on emotional dysregulation, hopelessness and suicidal ıdeation in post-traumatic stress disorder veterans. Iranian Journal of War & Public Health. 9:111-117.
• Molicka M (2002) Bajka Terapeutyczna. Poznan, Media Rodzina.
• Paivio SC, Angus LE (2017) Narrative Processes İn Emotion-Focused Therapy For Trauma. Washington, American Psychological Association.
• Paivio SC, Nieuwenhuis JA (2001) Efficacy of emotion focused therapy for adult survivors of child abuse: A preliminary study. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14:115-133.
• Pascual-Leone A, Gilles P, Singh T, Andreescu CA (2013). Problem anger in psychotherapy: An emotion-focused perspective on hate, rage, and rejecting anger. J Contemp Psychother, 43: 83-92.
• Pos AE, Greenberg LS (2007) Emotion-focused therapy: The transforming power of affect. J Contemp Psychother, 37: 25-31.
• Pera Museum (2020) Yolculuk Bir Masal ile Başlar Judith Malika Liberman. https://www.peramuseum.org/Activity-Detail/The-Journey-Starts-with-a-Tale-Judith-Malika-Liberman/651 (Accessed 14.08.2020).
• Prochaska JO, Norcross JC (2010). Systems Of Psychotherapy A Transtheoretical Analysis, 7nd ed. USA, Brooks/Cole.
• Ribeiro AP, Mendes I, Stiles WB, Angus L, Sousa I, Gonçalves MM (2014) Ambivalence in emotion-focused therapy for depression: The maintenance of problematically dominant self-narratives. Psychotherapy Research, 24:702-710.
• Sadri DE, Sheikholeslami A, Tarvirdizadeh H (2017) The effect of emotıonal-focused couple therapy on the ınfertıle couples'qualıty of relatıonshıp, marıtal conflıct, and ıntımacy. Journal of Famıly Counselıng & Psychotherapy, 7:125-145.
• Salovey P, Mayer JD (1990) Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9:185-211.
• Smith KW, Greenberg LS (2007) Internal multiplicity in emotion focused psychotherapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63: 175-186.
• Speakeragency (2020) Judith Malika Liberman / Exclusive Konuşmacı. https://www.speakeragency.com.tr/judith-malika-liberman (Accessed 13.08.2020).
• Stevens-Guille ME, Boersma FJ (1992) Fairy tales as a trance experience: Possible therapeutic uses. Am J Clin Hypn, 34:245-254.
• Timulak L, McElvaney J (2016) Emotion-focused therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: An overview of the model. J Contemp Psychother, 46: 41-52.
• Timulak L, McElvaney J, Keogh D, Martin E, Clare P, Chepukov E et al. (2017). Emotion-focused therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: An exploratory study. Psychotherapy, 54:361-366.
• Torkan A, Farhadi H, Golparvar M (2019) Comparative study of the effectiveness of emotional-focused couple therapy and narrative couple therapy on marital conflicts. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 17:159-170.
• Watson JC (2015) Emotion-Focused Psychotherapy: An Alternative Framework for Career Counseling. In Counseling and Action (Eds: RA Young, JF Domene, L Valach): 135-148. New York, Springer.
• Watson JC, Goldman RN, Greenberg LS (2011) Contrasting Two Clients in Emotion-Focused Therapy for Depression 1: The Case of" Tom,"" Trapped in the Tunnel". Pragmat Case Stud Psychother, 7: 268-304.
• Wiebe SA, Johnson SM (2016) A review of the research in emotionally focused therapy for couples. Family Process, 55: 390-407.
• Wikipedia (2020). Judith Malika Liberman. https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judith_Malika_Liberman (Accessed 13.08.2020).
• Wittenborn AK, Culpepper B, Liu T (2012) Treating depression in men: the role of emotionally focused couple therapy. Contemporary Family Therapy, 34:89-103.
• Zajonc RB (1980) Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist, 35:151 - 175.
• Zajonc RB (1984) On the primacy of affect. American Psychologist, 39:117-123.