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Prevention of Mental Disorders: Conceptual Framework and Classification

Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 583 - 594, 01.12.2010

Abstract

One person in four will develop one or more of mental disorders during their lifetime. Five of the ten leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide are psychiatric conditions. Mental disorders represent not only an immense psychological, social and economic burden to society, but also increase the risk of physical illnesses.Prevention in mental health has a history of over 100 years. Over the past 25 years the multidisciplinary field of prevention science in mental health has developed at a rapid pace, facilitated by increasing knowledge on malleable risk and protective factors. Prevention needs to be a multipronged effort because of mental disorders have multiple determinants. Biological, psychological, social and societal risk and protective factors and their interactions have been identified across the lifespan from as early as fetal life. Many of these factors are malleable and therefore potential targets for prevention and promotion measures. The aim of this article was to consider the conceptual framework of prevention of mental disorders and evaluate the studies concerning the classification of such approaches.

References

  • World Health Organization. WHO Basic documents, 143rd ed. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2001.
  • Compton MT, Koplan C, Oleskey C, Povers RA, Pruitt D, Wissow L. Prevention in mental health. In Clinical Manual of Prevention in Mental Health (Ed MT Compton): 1-22. Arlington, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2010.
  • Mrazek PJ, Haggerty RJ. Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research. Washington, National Academy Press, 1994.
  • Tyrer P, Tyrer F. Public mental health In Oxford Textbook of Public Health. 3rd ed (Eds R Detels, J McEwen, R Beaglehole, H Tanaka): 1309-1328. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2002
  • World Health Organization (WHO). The world health report 2001: Mental health: new understanding, new hope. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2001.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). The world health report 2004: Changing history. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004.
  • Murray CJL, Lopez AD. The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injury and risk factors in 1990 projected to 2020. Geneva, World Bank, Word Health Organization and Harvard School of Public Health, 1996.
  • Institute of Medicine. Utilization management by third parties: Controlling costs and changing patient care? The role of utilization management. Washington DC, Institute of Medicine, 1989.
  • World Health Organization . Prevention of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions and Policy Options, Summary Reports. Geneva, WHO, 2004.
  • Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Smit F, Mihalopoulos C, Beekman, A. Preventing the onset of depressive disorders: a meta-analytic review of psychological interventions. Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165:1272-1280.
  • Kelam SG, Brown CH, Poduska JM, Lalongo NS, Wang W, Toyinbo P. Effects of a universal classroom behavior management program in first and second grades on young adult behavioral, psychiatric, and social outcomes. Drug Alcohol Depend 2008; 95 (Suppl 1):5-28.
  • Nasrallah HA, Newcomer JW. Atypical antipsychotics and metabolic dysregulation: evaluating the risk/benefit equation and improving the standard of care. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2004; 24 (Suppl 1):7-14.
  • Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62:593-602.
  • Cooper D, Moisan J, Gregoire JP. Adherence to atypical antipsychotic treatment among newly treated patients: a population-based study in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 68:818-825.
  • Hosman C, Jané-Llopis E. Political challenges 2: mental health. In The Evidence of Health Promotion Effectiveness: Shaping Public Health in a New Europe (Ed International Union for Health Promotion and Education): 29-41. Brussels, ECSC-EC- EAEC, 1999.
  • Rutter M Resilience in the face of adversity. Br J Psychiatry 1985; 147:598-561.
  • Coie JD, Watt NF, West SG, Hawkins JD, Asarnov JR, Markman HJ et al. The science of prevention: a conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program. Am Psychol 1993; 48:1013-1022.
  • Ingram RE, Price JM. Handbook of Vulnerability to Psychopathology: Risk Across The Lifespan. New York, Guilford, 2000.
  • Musisi S, Mollica R, Weiss M. Supporting refugees and victims of war. In Prevention of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions and Policy Options (Eds C Hosman, E Jané-Llopis, S Saxena). Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Hoefnagels C. Preventing child abuse and neglect. In Prevention of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions and Policy Options. (Eds C Hosman, E Jané-Llopis, S Saxena). Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Beardslee W, Solantaus T, van Doesum K. Coping with parental mental illness. In Prevention of mental disorders: effective interventions and policy options (Eds C Hosman, E Jané-Llopis, S Saxena S). Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Çelikkol A. Ruh Hastalıklarından Korunma. İstanbul, Gendaş, 1999.
  • Sartorius N. Primary prevention of mental disorders. In Textbook of Community Psychiatry (Eds G Thornicroft, G Szmukler):487-494. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Weich S, Lewis G, Churchill R, Mann A. Strategies for the prevention of psychiatric disorder in primary care in south London. J Epidemiol Community Health 1997; 51:304-309.
  • Katz DL. Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Preventive Medicine Review. New York, WB Saunders, 1997.
  • Last JM. A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 4 th Ed. New York, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Mavreas VG. Prevention of mental disorders in primary care. In Issues in Preventive Psychiatry (Eds Christodoulou GN, Lecic-Tosevski D, Kontaxakis VP):17-29. Basel, Karger, 1999.

Ruhsal Bozuklukların Önlenmesi: Kavramsal Çerçeve ve Sınıflandırma

Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 583 - 594, 01.12.2010

Abstract

Dünyada her dört kişiden biri yaşamı boyunca bir ya da daha fazla ruhsal ve davranışsal sorunlar yaşamaktadır. Dünyada yeti kaybı ve erken ölüme yol açan on hastalıktan beşi ruhsal bozukluklar kaynaklıdır. Ruhsal bozukluklar topluma sadece psikolojik, ruhsal ve ekonomik yüke yol açmayıp aynı zamanda fiziksel hastalık riskini de artırmaktadır. Ruh sağlığında önlemenin geçmişi yüzyıla dayanmakla beraber son 25 yılda hızlı gelişmeler kaydedilmiş değiştirilebilir risk ve koruyucu faktörler hakkındaki bilgiler artmıştır. Bu süreçte fetal yaşama kadar uzanan süreçteki biyolojik, psikolojik, sosyal ve toplumsal risk ve koruyucu faktörler ve bunların etkileşimi tanımlanmış ve değiştirilebilenlere yönelik müdahaleler hedeflenmiştir. Bu yazıda ruhsal bozuklukları önleme kavramının temel bir çerçeve içinde ele alınması ve bu yaklaşımların sınıflandırmasına yönelik çalışmaların değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

References

  • World Health Organization. WHO Basic documents, 143rd ed. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2001.
  • Compton MT, Koplan C, Oleskey C, Povers RA, Pruitt D, Wissow L. Prevention in mental health. In Clinical Manual of Prevention in Mental Health (Ed MT Compton): 1-22. Arlington, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2010.
  • Mrazek PJ, Haggerty RJ. Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research. Washington, National Academy Press, 1994.
  • Tyrer P, Tyrer F. Public mental health In Oxford Textbook of Public Health. 3rd ed (Eds R Detels, J McEwen, R Beaglehole, H Tanaka): 1309-1328. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2002
  • World Health Organization (WHO). The world health report 2001: Mental health: new understanding, new hope. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2001.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). The world health report 2004: Changing history. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004.
  • Murray CJL, Lopez AD. The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injury and risk factors in 1990 projected to 2020. Geneva, World Bank, Word Health Organization and Harvard School of Public Health, 1996.
  • Institute of Medicine. Utilization management by third parties: Controlling costs and changing patient care? The role of utilization management. Washington DC, Institute of Medicine, 1989.
  • World Health Organization . Prevention of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions and Policy Options, Summary Reports. Geneva, WHO, 2004.
  • Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Smit F, Mihalopoulos C, Beekman, A. Preventing the onset of depressive disorders: a meta-analytic review of psychological interventions. Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165:1272-1280.
  • Kelam SG, Brown CH, Poduska JM, Lalongo NS, Wang W, Toyinbo P. Effects of a universal classroom behavior management program in first and second grades on young adult behavioral, psychiatric, and social outcomes. Drug Alcohol Depend 2008; 95 (Suppl 1):5-28.
  • Nasrallah HA, Newcomer JW. Atypical antipsychotics and metabolic dysregulation: evaluating the risk/benefit equation and improving the standard of care. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2004; 24 (Suppl 1):7-14.
  • Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62:593-602.
  • Cooper D, Moisan J, Gregoire JP. Adherence to atypical antipsychotic treatment among newly treated patients: a population-based study in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 68:818-825.
  • Hosman C, Jané-Llopis E. Political challenges 2: mental health. In The Evidence of Health Promotion Effectiveness: Shaping Public Health in a New Europe (Ed International Union for Health Promotion and Education): 29-41. Brussels, ECSC-EC- EAEC, 1999.
  • Rutter M Resilience in the face of adversity. Br J Psychiatry 1985; 147:598-561.
  • Coie JD, Watt NF, West SG, Hawkins JD, Asarnov JR, Markman HJ et al. The science of prevention: a conceptual framework and some directions for a national research program. Am Psychol 1993; 48:1013-1022.
  • Ingram RE, Price JM. Handbook of Vulnerability to Psychopathology: Risk Across The Lifespan. New York, Guilford, 2000.
  • Musisi S, Mollica R, Weiss M. Supporting refugees and victims of war. In Prevention of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions and Policy Options (Eds C Hosman, E Jané-Llopis, S Saxena). Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Hoefnagels C. Preventing child abuse and neglect. In Prevention of Mental Disorders: Effective Interventions and Policy Options. (Eds C Hosman, E Jané-Llopis, S Saxena). Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Beardslee W, Solantaus T, van Doesum K. Coping with parental mental illness. In Prevention of mental disorders: effective interventions and policy options (Eds C Hosman, E Jané-Llopis, S Saxena S). Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Çelikkol A. Ruh Hastalıklarından Korunma. İstanbul, Gendaş, 1999.
  • Sartorius N. Primary prevention of mental disorders. In Textbook of Community Psychiatry (Eds G Thornicroft, G Szmukler):487-494. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Weich S, Lewis G, Churchill R, Mann A. Strategies for the prevention of psychiatric disorder in primary care in south London. J Epidemiol Community Health 1997; 51:304-309.
  • Katz DL. Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Preventive Medicine Review. New York, WB Saunders, 1997.
  • Last JM. A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 4 th Ed. New York, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Mavreas VG. Prevention of mental disorders in primary care. In Issues in Preventive Psychiatry (Eds Christodoulou GN, Lecic-Tosevski D, Kontaxakis VP):17-29. Basel, Karger, 1999.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Review
Authors

Bülent Kadri Gültekin This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 2 Issue: 4

Cite

AMA Gültekin BK. Ruhsal Bozuklukların Önlenmesi: Kavramsal Çerçeve ve Sınıflandırma. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. December 2010;2(4):583-594.

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