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Animal Assisted Therapy

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 117 - 130, 31.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.526378

Abstract

Animal assisted therapy is an alternative treatment method based on human-animal interaction, used as complementary to the main therapy in order to cure and enhance the living conditions in individuals affected by chronic diseases or mental disorders. Animal assisted therapy is known to be used as a complementary therapy in many illnesses and disorders such as widespread developmental disorder, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, loneliness, anxiety and depression. In various researches carried out abroad, duly conductedtherapies along with an expert and competent team has given positive results. In our country, the number of studies conducted in this area is limited. In this review which tries to study animal assisted therapy in multiple dimensions, the definition, history, areas of use of animal assisted therapy and the animal species used in the treatment have been presented, and the different lifestyle applications such as childhood and old age have been interpreted. Given the positive results of animal assisted therapy in the treatment of illnesses and mental disorders, it is believed that its implementation as a complementary therapy in our country, trials of varying animal species in the treatment and its practice in other mental disorders and illnesses will be of benefit.

References

  • All AC, Loving GL, Crane LL (1999). Animals, horseback riding, and implications for rehabilitation therapy. Journal of Rehabilitation-Washington. 65:49-53.
  • Ballarini G (2003). Pet therapy animals in human therapy. Conference Report Acta Bio Medica. 74: 97-100.
  • Barak Y, Savorai O, Mavashev S, Beni A (2001). Animal-assisted therapy for elderly schizophrenic patients: a one-year controlled trial. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry. 9(4): 439-442.
  • Barker SB, Dawson KS (1998). The effects of animal-assisted therapy on anxiety ratings of hospitalized psychiatric patients. Psychiatric services. 49(6): 797-801.
  • Barker SB, Pandurangi AK, Best AM. (2003). Effects of animal-assisted therapy on patients' anxiety, fear, and depression before ECT. J ECT. 19: 38-44.
  • Bass MM, Duchowny CA, Llabre MM (2009). The effect of therapeutic horseback riding on social functioning in children with autism. Journal of autism and developmental disorders. 39(9):1261-1267.
  • Benda W, McGibbon NH, Grant KL (2003). Improvements in muscle symmetry in children with cerebral palsy after equine-assisted therapy (hippotherapy). The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 9(6): 817-825.
  • Bouchard F, Landry M, Belles-Isles M, Gagnon J (2004). A magical dream: a pilot project in animal-assisted therapy in pediatric oncology. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal/Revue canadienne de soins infirmiers en oncologie. 14(1): 14-17.
  • Brodie SJ, Biley FC (1999). An exploration of the potential benefits of pet‐facilitated therapy. Journal of clinical nursing. 8(4): 329-337.
  • Cevizci S, Erginöz E, Baltaş Z (2009). Ruh sağlığının iyileştirilmesinde destek bir tedavi yaklaşımı: Hayvan destekli tedavi. Nobel Med, 5(1): 4-9.
  • Cherng RJ, Liao HF, Leung HW, Hwang AW (2004). The effectiveness of therapeutic horseback riding in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Adapted physical activity quarterly. 21(2): 103-121.
  • Dimitrijević I (2009). Animal-Assisted Therapy–a new trend in the treatment of children and addults. Psychiatria Danubina. 21(2): 236-241.
  • Duman N (2018). Koruyucu ve destekleyici önlem olarak çocukların mağdur olarak bulunduğu davalarda hayvanların kullanımı. R&S-Research Studies Anatolia Journal, 1(2): 368-375.
  • Edwards NE, Beck AM (2002). Animal-assisted therapy and nutrition in Alzheimer’s disease. Western journal of nursing research. 24(6): 697-712.
  • Eyster CL (1984). The effects of pets on schizophrenics in a day treatment program. http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd- (18 Temmuz 2017’de ulaşıldı).
  • Folse EB, Minder CC, Aycock MJ, Santana RT. (1994). Animal-assisted therapy and depression in adult college students. Anthrozoös. 7(3): 188-194.
  • Gagnon J, Bouchard F, Landry M, Belles-Isles M, Fortier M, Fillion L (2004). Implementing a hospital-based animal therapy program for children with cancer: a descriptive study. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal/Revue canadienne de soins infirmiers en oncologie. 14(4): 217-222.
  • Gammonley J, Yates J (1991). Pet projects: animal assisted therapy in nursing homes. Journal of gerontological nursing. 17(1): 12-15.
  • Hart LA, Yamamoto M (2015). Recruiting psychosocial health effects of animals for families and communities: Transition to practice. In Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy, 4 th ed: 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801292-5.00006-7.
  • Herzog H (2011). The impact of pets on human health and psychological well-being: fact, fiction, or hypothesis?. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 20(4): 236-239.
  • Hoffman MD (2011). The impact of canine Companion Service Animal (CSA) use on social behaviors between individuals with autism spectrum disorders who use CSA and those who do not. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/?utm_source=scholarworks.waldenu.edu%2Fdissertations%2F1000&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages (23 Şubat 2018’de ulaşıldı).
  • İncazlı SB, Özer S, Yıldırım Y (2016). Rehabilitasyon hemşireliğinde hayvan destekli uygulamalar. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Doi: 10.5505/bsbd.2016.98700. Ulaşma tarihi:12.03.2018.
  • Karayağız Muslu G ve Conk Z (2011). Hayvan destekli uygulamalar ve çocuklarda kullanımı. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, 4(2): 83-88.
  • Koca TT, Ataseven H (2015). What is hippotherapy? The indications and effectiveness of hippotherapy. Northern clinics of Istanbul, 2(3): 247-252.
  • Köseman A, Şeker İ (2015). Hippoterapi ve terapide kullanılan atların özellikleri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(3): 195-201.
  • Lawson CA (2016). Equine-assisted psychotherapy in New Zealand: a phenomenological investigation: presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Albany Campus (Doctoral dissertation). New Zealand Massey University.
  • Macauley BL (2006). Animal-assisted therapy for persons with aphasia: A pilot study. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 43(3): 357-365.
  • Macauley BL, Guiterrez KM (2004). The effectiveness of hippotherapy for children with language-learning disabilities. Communication Disorders Quarterly. 25 (4):205–217.
  • Martin F, Farnum J (2002). Animal-assisted therapy for children with pervasive developmental disorders. Western journal of nursing research. 24(6): 657-670.
  • Melson GF (2003). Child development and the human-companion animal bond. American Behavioral Scientist. 47(1): 31-39.
  • Morrison ML (2007). Health benefits of animal-assisted interventions. Complementary health practice review. 12(1): 51-62.
  • Müllersdorf M, Granström F, Sahlqvist L, Tillgren P (2010). Aspects of health, physical/leisure activities, work and socio-demographics associated with pet ownership in Sweden. Scandinavian journal of public health. 38(1): 53-63.
  • Nathans-Barel I, Feldman P, Berger B, Modai I, Silver H (2005). Animal-assisted therapy ameliorates anhedonia in schizophrenia patients. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 74(1): 31-35.
  • Niksa E (2007). The use of the animal- assisted threapy in psychiatric nursing: the story of Timmy and Buddy. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 45: 56-58.
  • Nimer J, Lundahl B (2007). Animal-assisted therapy: A meta-analysis. Anthrozoös. 20(3): 225-238.
  • O’Haire ME (2013). Animal-assisted intervention for autism spectrum disorder: A systematic literature review. Journal of autism and developmental disorders. 43(7): 1606-1622.
  • Pamuk D (2015). Yaşlı bireylerin yaşamında evcil hayvanların rolü. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 2:297-306.
  • Parish-Plass N (2008). Animal-assisted therapy with children suffering from insecure attachment due to abuse and neglect: A method to lower the risk of intergenerational transmission of abuse?. Clinical child psychology and psychiatry. 13(1): 7-30.
  • Raina P, Waltner-Toews D, Bonnett B, Woodward C, Abernathy T (1999). Influence of companion animals on the physical and psychological health of older people: an analysis of a one-year longitudinal study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 47(3):323-9.
  • Reichert E (1998). Individual counseling for sexually abused children: A role for animals and storytelling. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. 15(3): 177-185.
  • Richeson NE (2003). Effects of animal-assisted therapy on agitated behaviors and social interactions of older adults with dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & OtherDementias®. 18(6):353-358.
  • Risley-Curtiss C, Holley LC, Wolf S (2006). The animal-human bond and ethnic diversity. Social work. 51(3): 257-268.
  • Risley-Curtiss, C, Rogge ME, Kawam E (2013). Factors affecting social workers' inclusion of animals in practice. Social work. 58(2): 153-161.
  • Sams MJ, Fortney EV, Willenbring S (2006). Occupational therapy incorporating animals for children with autism: A pilot investigation. American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 60(3): 268-274.
  • Smith-Osborne A, Selby A (2010). Implications of the literature on equine-assisted activities for use as a complementary intervention in social work practice with children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. 27(4): 291-307.
  • Sobo E, Eng B, Kassidy-Krich N (2006). Canine visitation (pet) therapy. Pilot data on decreases in child pain perception. Journal of Hollistic Nursing. 24 (1): 51–57.
  • Sterba JA, Rogers BT, France AP, Vokes DA. (2002). Horseback riding in children with cerebral palsy: effect on gross motor function. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 44(5): 301-308.
  • Wu AS, Niedra R, Pendergast L, McCrindle BW (2002). Acceptability and impact of pet visitation on a pediatric cardiology inpatient unit. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 17(5): 354-362.
  • Yabroff KR, Troiano RP, Berrigan D (2008). Walking the dog: is pet ownership associated with physical activity in California?, J Phys Act Health. 5(2):216-28.
  • Yakimicki ML, Edwards NE, Richards E, Beck AM (2018). Animal-Assisted Intervention and Dementia: A Systematic Review. Clinical nursing research. 1054773818756987. Accessed date:17.12.2017.
  • Yamauchi T, Pipkin TY (2008). Six years experience with animal-assisted therapy in a children’s hospital: Is there patient risk? American Journal of Infection Control. 36(5):11-113.
  • Walsh F (2009). Human‐animal bonds I: The relational significance of companion animals. Family process. 48(4):462-480.
  • Wordley AM (2010). Old man’s best friend: animal-assisted intervention for older people with dementia (Doctoral dissertation). http://hdl.handle.net/2440/62243.

Hayvan Destekli Tedavi

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 117 - 130, 31.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.526378

Abstract

Hayvan destekli tedavi, kronik hastalığı olan ya da ruhsal bozukluklardan olumsuz etkilenen bireylerde yaşam kalitesini yükseltmek ve iyileştirmek amacıyla temel tedavinin yanı sıra kullanılan ve insan hayvan etkileşimine dayanan alternatif bir tedavi yöntemidir. Hayvan destekli tedavinin, yaygın gelişimsel bozukluk, kanser, Alzheimer, bunama, yalnızlık duygusu, anksiyete, depresyon gibi bir çok hastalık ve bozuklukta destek tedavi olarak kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Yurt dışında yapılan araştırmalarda uzman ve güçlü bir ekibin yanı sıra prosedürüne uygun olan yapılan tedaviler olumlu sonuçlar vermiştir. Ülkemizde ise bu alanda yapılmış araştırma sayısı kısıtlıdır. Hayvan destekli tedaviyi çok yönlü araştırmaya çalışan bu derlemede tedavinin tanımına, tarihçesine, kullanım alanlarına, tedavide kullanılan hayvan türlerine yer verilmiş ve çocukluk ile yaşlılık gibi farklı yaşam dönemlerindeki uygulamalarına değinilmiştir. Hayvan destekli tedavinin birçok hastalıkta ve ruhsal bozuklukta olumlu sonuçları görülen destek bir tedavi türü olarak ülkemizde uygulanmasının, tedavide farklı hayvan türlerinin denenmesinin yanı sıra diğer ruhsal bozukluk ve hastalıklarda da uygulanmasının yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • All AC, Loving GL, Crane LL (1999). Animals, horseback riding, and implications for rehabilitation therapy. Journal of Rehabilitation-Washington. 65:49-53.
  • Ballarini G (2003). Pet therapy animals in human therapy. Conference Report Acta Bio Medica. 74: 97-100.
  • Barak Y, Savorai O, Mavashev S, Beni A (2001). Animal-assisted therapy for elderly schizophrenic patients: a one-year controlled trial. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry. 9(4): 439-442.
  • Barker SB, Dawson KS (1998). The effects of animal-assisted therapy on anxiety ratings of hospitalized psychiatric patients. Psychiatric services. 49(6): 797-801.
  • Barker SB, Pandurangi AK, Best AM. (2003). Effects of animal-assisted therapy on patients' anxiety, fear, and depression before ECT. J ECT. 19: 38-44.
  • Bass MM, Duchowny CA, Llabre MM (2009). The effect of therapeutic horseback riding on social functioning in children with autism. Journal of autism and developmental disorders. 39(9):1261-1267.
  • Benda W, McGibbon NH, Grant KL (2003). Improvements in muscle symmetry in children with cerebral palsy after equine-assisted therapy (hippotherapy). The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 9(6): 817-825.
  • Bouchard F, Landry M, Belles-Isles M, Gagnon J (2004). A magical dream: a pilot project in animal-assisted therapy in pediatric oncology. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal/Revue canadienne de soins infirmiers en oncologie. 14(1): 14-17.
  • Brodie SJ, Biley FC (1999). An exploration of the potential benefits of pet‐facilitated therapy. Journal of clinical nursing. 8(4): 329-337.
  • Cevizci S, Erginöz E, Baltaş Z (2009). Ruh sağlığının iyileştirilmesinde destek bir tedavi yaklaşımı: Hayvan destekli tedavi. Nobel Med, 5(1): 4-9.
  • Cherng RJ, Liao HF, Leung HW, Hwang AW (2004). The effectiveness of therapeutic horseback riding in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Adapted physical activity quarterly. 21(2): 103-121.
  • Dimitrijević I (2009). Animal-Assisted Therapy–a new trend in the treatment of children and addults. Psychiatria Danubina. 21(2): 236-241.
  • Duman N (2018). Koruyucu ve destekleyici önlem olarak çocukların mağdur olarak bulunduğu davalarda hayvanların kullanımı. R&S-Research Studies Anatolia Journal, 1(2): 368-375.
  • Edwards NE, Beck AM (2002). Animal-assisted therapy and nutrition in Alzheimer’s disease. Western journal of nursing research. 24(6): 697-712.
  • Eyster CL (1984). The effects of pets on schizophrenics in a day treatment program. http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd- (18 Temmuz 2017’de ulaşıldı).
  • Folse EB, Minder CC, Aycock MJ, Santana RT. (1994). Animal-assisted therapy and depression in adult college students. Anthrozoös. 7(3): 188-194.
  • Gagnon J, Bouchard F, Landry M, Belles-Isles M, Fortier M, Fillion L (2004). Implementing a hospital-based animal therapy program for children with cancer: a descriptive study. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal/Revue canadienne de soins infirmiers en oncologie. 14(4): 217-222.
  • Gammonley J, Yates J (1991). Pet projects: animal assisted therapy in nursing homes. Journal of gerontological nursing. 17(1): 12-15.
  • Hart LA, Yamamoto M (2015). Recruiting psychosocial health effects of animals for families and communities: Transition to practice. In Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy, 4 th ed: 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801292-5.00006-7.
  • Herzog H (2011). The impact of pets on human health and psychological well-being: fact, fiction, or hypothesis?. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 20(4): 236-239.
  • Hoffman MD (2011). The impact of canine Companion Service Animal (CSA) use on social behaviors between individuals with autism spectrum disorders who use CSA and those who do not. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/?utm_source=scholarworks.waldenu.edu%2Fdissertations%2F1000&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages (23 Şubat 2018’de ulaşıldı).
  • İncazlı SB, Özer S, Yıldırım Y (2016). Rehabilitasyon hemşireliğinde hayvan destekli uygulamalar. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Doi: 10.5505/bsbd.2016.98700. Ulaşma tarihi:12.03.2018.
  • Karayağız Muslu G ve Conk Z (2011). Hayvan destekli uygulamalar ve çocuklarda kullanımı. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, 4(2): 83-88.
  • Koca TT, Ataseven H (2015). What is hippotherapy? The indications and effectiveness of hippotherapy. Northern clinics of Istanbul, 2(3): 247-252.
  • Köseman A, Şeker İ (2015). Hippoterapi ve terapide kullanılan atların özellikleri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(3): 195-201.
  • Lawson CA (2016). Equine-assisted psychotherapy in New Zealand: a phenomenological investigation: presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Albany Campus (Doctoral dissertation). New Zealand Massey University.
  • Macauley BL (2006). Animal-assisted therapy for persons with aphasia: A pilot study. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 43(3): 357-365.
  • Macauley BL, Guiterrez KM (2004). The effectiveness of hippotherapy for children with language-learning disabilities. Communication Disorders Quarterly. 25 (4):205–217.
  • Martin F, Farnum J (2002). Animal-assisted therapy for children with pervasive developmental disorders. Western journal of nursing research. 24(6): 657-670.
  • Melson GF (2003). Child development and the human-companion animal bond. American Behavioral Scientist. 47(1): 31-39.
  • Morrison ML (2007). Health benefits of animal-assisted interventions. Complementary health practice review. 12(1): 51-62.
  • Müllersdorf M, Granström F, Sahlqvist L, Tillgren P (2010). Aspects of health, physical/leisure activities, work and socio-demographics associated with pet ownership in Sweden. Scandinavian journal of public health. 38(1): 53-63.
  • Nathans-Barel I, Feldman P, Berger B, Modai I, Silver H (2005). Animal-assisted therapy ameliorates anhedonia in schizophrenia patients. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 74(1): 31-35.
  • Niksa E (2007). The use of the animal- assisted threapy in psychiatric nursing: the story of Timmy and Buddy. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 45: 56-58.
  • Nimer J, Lundahl B (2007). Animal-assisted therapy: A meta-analysis. Anthrozoös. 20(3): 225-238.
  • O’Haire ME (2013). Animal-assisted intervention for autism spectrum disorder: A systematic literature review. Journal of autism and developmental disorders. 43(7): 1606-1622.
  • Pamuk D (2015). Yaşlı bireylerin yaşamında evcil hayvanların rolü. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 2:297-306.
  • Parish-Plass N (2008). Animal-assisted therapy with children suffering from insecure attachment due to abuse and neglect: A method to lower the risk of intergenerational transmission of abuse?. Clinical child psychology and psychiatry. 13(1): 7-30.
  • Raina P, Waltner-Toews D, Bonnett B, Woodward C, Abernathy T (1999). Influence of companion animals on the physical and psychological health of older people: an analysis of a one-year longitudinal study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 47(3):323-9.
  • Reichert E (1998). Individual counseling for sexually abused children: A role for animals and storytelling. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. 15(3): 177-185.
  • Richeson NE (2003). Effects of animal-assisted therapy on agitated behaviors and social interactions of older adults with dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & OtherDementias®. 18(6):353-358.
  • Risley-Curtiss C, Holley LC, Wolf S (2006). The animal-human bond and ethnic diversity. Social work. 51(3): 257-268.
  • Risley-Curtiss, C, Rogge ME, Kawam E (2013). Factors affecting social workers' inclusion of animals in practice. Social work. 58(2): 153-161.
  • Sams MJ, Fortney EV, Willenbring S (2006). Occupational therapy incorporating animals for children with autism: A pilot investigation. American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 60(3): 268-274.
  • Smith-Osborne A, Selby A (2010). Implications of the literature on equine-assisted activities for use as a complementary intervention in social work practice with children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. 27(4): 291-307.
  • Sobo E, Eng B, Kassidy-Krich N (2006). Canine visitation (pet) therapy. Pilot data on decreases in child pain perception. Journal of Hollistic Nursing. 24 (1): 51–57.
  • Sterba JA, Rogers BT, France AP, Vokes DA. (2002). Horseback riding in children with cerebral palsy: effect on gross motor function. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 44(5): 301-308.
  • Wu AS, Niedra R, Pendergast L, McCrindle BW (2002). Acceptability and impact of pet visitation on a pediatric cardiology inpatient unit. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 17(5): 354-362.
  • Yabroff KR, Troiano RP, Berrigan D (2008). Walking the dog: is pet ownership associated with physical activity in California?, J Phys Act Health. 5(2):216-28.
  • Yakimicki ML, Edwards NE, Richards E, Beck AM (2018). Animal-Assisted Intervention and Dementia: A Systematic Review. Clinical nursing research. 1054773818756987. Accessed date:17.12.2017.
  • Yamauchi T, Pipkin TY (2008). Six years experience with animal-assisted therapy in a children’s hospital: Is there patient risk? American Journal of Infection Control. 36(5):11-113.
  • Walsh F (2009). Human‐animal bonds I: The relational significance of companion animals. Family process. 48(4):462-480.
  • Wordley AM (2010). Old man’s best friend: animal-assisted intervention for older people with dementia (Doctoral dissertation). http://hdl.handle.net/2440/62243.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Psychology, Behaviour-Personality Assessment in Psychology
Journal Section Review
Authors

Arzu Çakıcı 0000-0003-4227-9727

Mehmet Kök This is me 0000-0002-5285-4513

Publication Date March 31, 2020
Acceptance Date April 9, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Çakıcı A, Kök M. Hayvan Destekli Tedavi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. March 2020;12(1):117-130. doi:10.18863/pgy.526378

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Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.