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Kimlik Gelişimi: Anlatı Kimliği ve Kuşaklararası Anlatı Kimliği

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 455 - 475, 28.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.676439

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, alan yazında kimlik olgusunun gelişimi ve buna dair kuramların kimlik olgusundaki rolünü incelemektir. Erikson’un psikososyal kimlik kuramında, bireylerin biyolojik-bireysel-sosyal yönlerindeki değişkenlerin onların ego kimliği oluşturmalarında son derece önemli olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Erikson’dan sonra gelen ve onun fikirlerinden etkilenen kuramcıların ise kimliği çalışırken daha çok kimliğin bir yönünü merkeze aldıkları görülmüştür. Gelişim psikolojisi literatüründe daha çok kimlik oluşumunda bireysel-içsel faktör merkezli kuramlar ortaya konulmuştur. Son 30 yıllık zaman diliminde ise anlatı kuramcılarının kimlik oluşumunu ve gelişimini çalışarak Erikson’un kuramını bütüncül bir şekilde ele aldıkları görülmektedir. Anlatı kimlik formunda bireyler geçmişlerindeki deneyimlerden yola çıkarak bir hikaye formu oluşturmakta ve oluşturdukları bu hikaye formuna göre yaşayıp bir kimlik var etmektedirler. Bireyler anlatılar aracılığıyla kimliklerine dair tüm değişkenleri hikayeleştirerek anlattıklarından dolayı kimlik oluşumlarındaki tüm değişkenlerin ilişkisini ifade etme şansı bulmaktadırlar. Anlatı kuramcıları kimlik oluşumunda; öz hikayelerin, kuşaklararası hikayelerin, ana anlatıların, tarihsel ve sosyal olayların kimliği şekillendirdiğini ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır.

References

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Identity Development: Narrative Identity and Intergenerational Narrative Identity

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 455 - 475, 28.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.676439

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the development of identity and the role of identity theories on identity in the related literature. In Erikson's psychosocial identity theory, it is emphasized that the variables in the biological-individual-social aspects of the individuals are critical in ego identity formation. The theorists who came after Erikson and were influenced by his ideas were predominantly focused on one aspect of identity in their identity studies. In the developmental psychology literature, individual-internal factor centered theories have been put forward in the identity formation. In the last three decades, it is seen that narrative theorists have holistically studied Erikson's theory by examining identity formation and development. In the narrative identity form, individuals form a story based on their past experiences, and they live and form an identity according to the story they create. Individuals have the chance to express the relationship of all the variables in their identity formation because they narrate all the variables related to their identities through narratives. Narrative theorists have tried to clarify that self-stories, inter-generational stories, master narrative, historical and social events form an identity.

References

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  • Banks MV (2013) Narrative identity: The construction of the life story, autobiographical reasoning and psychological functioning in young adult (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). New Zealand, Victoria University of Wellington.
  • Bendle MF (2002) The crisis of 'identity' in high modernity. British Journal of Sociology, 53:1, 1-18.
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  • Côté JE (2018) The Enduring Usefulness of Erikson’s Concept of the Identity Crisis in the 21st Century: An Analysis of Student Mental Health Concerns. Identity, 18:4, 251-263. DOI: 10.1080/15283488.2018.1524328
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  • Çok F, Atak H (2015) Emerging adulthood in Turkey: Does it (yet) exist?. The Online Journal of Counseling and Education, 4:3, 46-75.
  • Çakır SG, Aydın G (2005) Parental attitudes and ego identity status of Turkish adolescents. Adolescence, 40, 847-859.
  • Demir İ (2007) Gençlerin kimlik yapıları: Farklı yerellikler ekseninde nitel bir inceleme (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Eğitimde Psikolojik Hizmetler Anabilim Dalı.
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  • Fivush R, Merrill N (2016) An ecological system approach to family narratives. Memory Studies, 9:3, 305-314. DOI: 10.1177/1750698016645264.
  • Fivush R, Marin K, Crawford M, Reynolds M, Brewin CR (2007) Children’s narratives and well-being. Cognition and Emotion, 21, 1414–1434. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930601109531
  • Fivush R, Marin K, McWilliams K, Bohanek J (2009) Family reminiscing style: Parent gender and emotional focus in relation to adolescent well-being. Journal of Cognition and Development: Official Journal of the Cognitive Development Society, 10, 210–235. doi:10.1080/15248370903155866.
  • Fivush R, Zeman W (2011) Intergenerational narratives: How collective family stories Relate to adolescents’ emotional well-being. Aurora, 10, 51-63. www.pucsp.br/revistaaurora
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  • Gergen KJ, Gergen MM (1988) Narrative and the self as relationship, vol 21. (Ed L Berkowitz):17-56. San Diego, CA, Academic Press.
  • Habermas T (2011) Autobiographical reasoning: Arguing and narrating from a biographical perspective. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 131, 1–18. doi:10.1002/cd.285
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  • Hammack PL (2006) Identity, conflict, and coexistence: Life stories of Israeli and Palestinian Adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 21:4, 323-69. DOI: 10.1177/0743558406289745.
  • Hammack PL (2008) Narrative and cultural psychology of identity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12:3, 222-47. DOI: 10.1177/1088868308316892.
  • Hammack PL (2010) The cultural psychology of Palestinian youth: A narrative approach. Culture & Psychology, 16:4, 507-37. DOI: 10.1177/1354067X10380159.
  • Hammack PL, Toolish EE (2015) Putting the social into personal identity: The master narrative as root metaphor for psychological and developmental science. Human Development, 58, 350-64. DOI: 10.1159/000446054.
  • Hihara S, Sugimura K, Syed M (2018). Forming a negative ıdentity in contemporary society: Shedding light on the most problematic ıdentity resolution. Identity, 18(4), 325-333. DOI: 10.1080/15283488.2018.1524329
  • Hogg MA, Vaughan GM (2014) Sosyal psikoloji (7.Edisyon) (Çeviri İ Yıldız, A Gelmez). Ankara, Ütopya.
  • Hooker BA (2016) The life stories of teachers in post compulsory education: A narrative exploration of teacher identity (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). England, University of Wolverhampton.
  • İlhan T, Özdemir Y (2012) Beliren yetişkinlerde yaş, cinsiyet ve bağlanma stillerinin kimlik statüleri üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19, 227-241.
  • Koenig Kellas J (2005) Family ties: Communicating identity through jointly told family stories. Communication Monographs, 72:4, 365-389. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637750500322453
  • Kroger J (2003) Identity development during adolescence. (Eds GR Adams, MD Berzonsky):205-226. London, Blackwell Publishing.
  • Luyckx K, Goossens L, Soenens BA (2006) developmental contextual perspective on identity construction in emerging adulthood: Change dynamics in commitment formation and commitment evaluation. Development Psychology, 42, 366-380.
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There are 85 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Developmental Psychology, Social Psychology
Journal Section Review
Authors

Naif Ergün 0000-0001-5346-5053

Publication Date December 28, 2020
Acceptance Date February 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

AMA Ergün N. Kimlik Gelişimi: Anlatı Kimliği ve Kuşaklararası Anlatı Kimliği. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. December 2020;12(4):455-475. doi:10.18863/pgy.676439

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