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Chemosensory Pleasure Scale: Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Number: Supplement 1 (Research Issue), 73 - 83, 29.12.2021

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Chemosensory Pleasure Scale, which is developed to determine the hedonic pleasure in taste and smell. The present study was conducted with a sample of 247 participants. Sociodemographic Form (SF), Chemosensory Pleasure Scale Turkish Version (CPS-TR), Physical Anhedonia Scale (PAS), and Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS) were used to collect data. For the reliability analysis, Cronchach alpha internal consistency coefficient, item-total score correlation coefficients, and Spearman-Brown split-half test were calculated, whereas Explanatory factor analysis was performed to estimate the construct validity of the scale. Considering the internal consistency reliability of the scale, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was found to be α=0.87. The item and total score correlation coefficients of the scale items were found between 0.35 and 0.70. Exploratory factor analysis explained 68.9% of the total variance and supported the three-factor structure of the scale. Factor loadings of these factors were estimated between 0.55-0.85. The correlation of CPS-TR with PAS and SAS was statistically significant. The results of this study suggest that the Turkish version of the CPS is a reliable and valid instrument for determining chemosensory pleasure.

References

  • Baskak B, Saka MC, Gönüllü İ, Artar M, Kızıl ETÖ, Yazıcı MK et al. (2009) Gözden Geçirilmiş Fiziksel Anhedoni Ölçeğinin Türkçe Formunun Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirliği. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 46: 43-48.
  • Berlin I, Givry-Steiner L, Lecrubier Y, and Puech AJ (1998) Measures of anhedonia and hedonic responses to sucrose in depressive and schizophrenic patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Eur Psychiatry, 13: 303-309.
  • Berridge KC (2009) Wanting and liking: Observations from the neuroscience and psychology laboratory. Inquiry, 52: 378-398.
  • Berridge KC, and Robinson TE (1998) What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?. Brain Res Rev, 28: 309-369.
  • Chan RC, Wang Y, Huang J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Hong X et al. (2010) Anticipatory and consummatory components of the experience of pleasure in schizophrenia: cross-cultural validation and extension. Psychiatry Res, 175: 181-183.
  • Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Raulin ML (1976) Scales for physical and social anhedonia. J. Abnorm Psychol, 85(4):374-382.
  • Cihan B, Saka MC, Gönüllü İ, Kızıl ETÖ, Baskak B, Atbasoglu C (2015) Sosyal Anhedoni’nin Pozitif ve Negatif Şizotipi Boyutlarındaki Yerinin Klinik Olmayan Örneklemde İncelenmesi. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 52:272-278.
  • Gard DE, Kring AM, Gard MG, Horan WP, Green MF (2007) Anhedonia in schizophrenia: distinctions between anticipatory and consummatory pleasure. Schizophr Res, 93(1-3):253-260.
  • Gooding DC, Pflum MJ (2014) The assessment of interpersonal pleasure: introduction of the Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS) and preliminary findings. Psychiatry Res, 215(1):237-243.
  • Jiang T, Soussignan R, Rigaud D, Schaal B (2010) Pleasure for visual and olfactory stimuli evoking energy-dense foods is decreased in anorexia nervosa. Psychiatry Res, 180(1):42-47.
  • Kamath V, Moberg PJ, Kohler CG, Gur RE, Turetsky BI (2013) Odor hedonic capacity and anhedonia in schizophrenia and unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Bull, 39(1):59-67.
  • Kazes M, Danion J, Grange D, Pradignac A, Schlienger J (1993). The loss of appetite during depression with melancholia: a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 8(1):55-59.
  • Krahn D, Grossman J, Henk H, Mussey M, Crosby R, Gosnell B (2006) Sweet intake, sweet-liking, urges to eat, and weight change: relationship to alcohol dependence and abstinence. Addict Behav, 31(4):622-631.
  • Kring AM, Elis O (2013) Emotion deficits in people with schizophrenia. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 9:409-433.
  • Li Z, Huang G, Li Z, Li S, Wang Y, Zhao J, et al. (2020) Chemosensory Anhedonia in Patients With Schizophrenia and Individuals With Schizotypy: A Questionnaire Study. Front Psychiatry, 11:481.
  • McCabe C (2014) Neural correlates of anhedonia as a trait marker for depression. Anhedonia: a comprehensive handbook Volume II: Springer, p. 159-174.
  • Miller RE (1987) Method to study anhedonia in hospitalized psychiatric patients. J. Abnorm Psychol, 96(1):41-45.
  • Moberg PJ, Kamath V, Marchetto DM, Calkins ME, Doty RL, Hahn CG, et al. (2014) Meta-analysis of olfactory function in schizophrenia, first-degree family members, and youths at-risk for psychosis. Schizophr Bull, 40(1):50-59.
  • Mrochen A, Marxreiter F, Kohl Z, Schlachetzki J, Renner B, Schenk T, et al. (2016) From sweet to sweat: hedonic olfactory range is impaired in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 22:9-14.
  • Nusslock R, Alloy LB(2017) Reward processing and mood-related symptoms: An RDoC and translational neuroscience perspective. J Affect Disord, 216:3-16.
  • Sencan H (2005) Sosyal ve davranıssal ölçümlerde güvenirlik ve geçerlilik [Reliability and validity of the social and behavioral measurement]. Ankara (Turkey): Seçkin Yayıncılık 360.
  • Snaith R, Hamilton M, Morley S, Humayan A, Hargreaves D, Trigwell P (1995) A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale. Br J Psychiatry, 167(1):99-103.
  • Taber KS (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Res Sci Educ, 48: 1273-1296.
  • Yan C, Lui SS, Zou L, Wang C, Zhou F, Cheung EF, et al. (2019) Anticipatory pleasure for future rewards is attenuated in patients with schizophrenia but not in individuals with schizotypal traits. Schizophr Res, 206:118-126.
  • Gie YA and Pearce S (2013) A beginner’s guide to factor analysis: Focusing on exploratory factor analysis. Tutor Quant Methods Psychol, 9: 79-94.
  • Zhao JB, Wang YL, Ma QW, Zhao JB, Zhang XY, Zou LQ (2019) The Chemosensory Pleasure Scale: A New Assessment for Measuring Hedonic Smell and Taste Capacities. Chem Senses, 44(7):457-464.

Kimyasal Duyu Keyif Ölçeği: Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerliliği ve Güvenirliği

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Number: Supplement 1 (Research Issue), 73 - 83, 29.12.2021

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tat ve koku almada hedonik hazzı belirlemek için geliştirilen Kimyasal Duyu Keyif Ölçeği'nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğini değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışma 247 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında Sosyodemografik Form (SF), Kimyasal Duyu Keyif Ölçeği-Türkçe Versiyonu (CPS-TR), Fiziksel Anhedoni Ölçeği (FAÖ) ve Sosyal Anhedoni Ölçeği (SAÖ) kullanılmıştır. Güvenirlik analizi için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı, madde-toplam puan korelasyon katsayıları ve Spearman Brown split-half testi hesaplanırken, ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini tahmin etmek için açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık güvenirliği dikkate alındığında, Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı α = 0.87 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçek maddelerinin madde ve toplam puan korelasyon katsayıları 0.35 ile 0.70 arasında bulunmuştur. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi toplam varyansın %68.9'unu açıklamış ve ölçeğin üç faktörlü yapısını desteklemiştir. Bu faktörlerin faktör yükleri 0.55 - 0.85 arasında tahmin edilmiştir. CPS-TR'nin FAÖ ve SAÖ ile korelasyonu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. CPS ölçeği Türkçe dilinde kimyasal hazzı değerlendirmek adına geçerli ve güvenilirdir.

References

  • Baskak B, Saka MC, Gönüllü İ, Artar M, Kızıl ETÖ, Yazıcı MK et al. (2009) Gözden Geçirilmiş Fiziksel Anhedoni Ölçeğinin Türkçe Formunun Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirliği. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 46: 43-48.
  • Berlin I, Givry-Steiner L, Lecrubier Y, and Puech AJ (1998) Measures of anhedonia and hedonic responses to sucrose in depressive and schizophrenic patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Eur Psychiatry, 13: 303-309.
  • Berridge KC (2009) Wanting and liking: Observations from the neuroscience and psychology laboratory. Inquiry, 52: 378-398.
  • Berridge KC, and Robinson TE (1998) What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?. Brain Res Rev, 28: 309-369.
  • Chan RC, Wang Y, Huang J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Hong X et al. (2010) Anticipatory and consummatory components of the experience of pleasure in schizophrenia: cross-cultural validation and extension. Psychiatry Res, 175: 181-183.
  • Chapman LJ, Chapman JP, Raulin ML (1976) Scales for physical and social anhedonia. J. Abnorm Psychol, 85(4):374-382.
  • Cihan B, Saka MC, Gönüllü İ, Kızıl ETÖ, Baskak B, Atbasoglu C (2015) Sosyal Anhedoni’nin Pozitif ve Negatif Şizotipi Boyutlarındaki Yerinin Klinik Olmayan Örneklemde İncelenmesi. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 52:272-278.
  • Gard DE, Kring AM, Gard MG, Horan WP, Green MF (2007) Anhedonia in schizophrenia: distinctions between anticipatory and consummatory pleasure. Schizophr Res, 93(1-3):253-260.
  • Gooding DC, Pflum MJ (2014) The assessment of interpersonal pleasure: introduction of the Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS) and preliminary findings. Psychiatry Res, 215(1):237-243.
  • Jiang T, Soussignan R, Rigaud D, Schaal B (2010) Pleasure for visual and olfactory stimuli evoking energy-dense foods is decreased in anorexia nervosa. Psychiatry Res, 180(1):42-47.
  • Kamath V, Moberg PJ, Kohler CG, Gur RE, Turetsky BI (2013) Odor hedonic capacity and anhedonia in schizophrenia and unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Bull, 39(1):59-67.
  • Kazes M, Danion J, Grange D, Pradignac A, Schlienger J (1993). The loss of appetite during depression with melancholia: a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 8(1):55-59.
  • Krahn D, Grossman J, Henk H, Mussey M, Crosby R, Gosnell B (2006) Sweet intake, sweet-liking, urges to eat, and weight change: relationship to alcohol dependence and abstinence. Addict Behav, 31(4):622-631.
  • Kring AM, Elis O (2013) Emotion deficits in people with schizophrenia. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 9:409-433.
  • Li Z, Huang G, Li Z, Li S, Wang Y, Zhao J, et al. (2020) Chemosensory Anhedonia in Patients With Schizophrenia and Individuals With Schizotypy: A Questionnaire Study. Front Psychiatry, 11:481.
  • McCabe C (2014) Neural correlates of anhedonia as a trait marker for depression. Anhedonia: a comprehensive handbook Volume II: Springer, p. 159-174.
  • Miller RE (1987) Method to study anhedonia in hospitalized psychiatric patients. J. Abnorm Psychol, 96(1):41-45.
  • Moberg PJ, Kamath V, Marchetto DM, Calkins ME, Doty RL, Hahn CG, et al. (2014) Meta-analysis of olfactory function in schizophrenia, first-degree family members, and youths at-risk for psychosis. Schizophr Bull, 40(1):50-59.
  • Mrochen A, Marxreiter F, Kohl Z, Schlachetzki J, Renner B, Schenk T, et al. (2016) From sweet to sweat: hedonic olfactory range is impaired in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 22:9-14.
  • Nusslock R, Alloy LB(2017) Reward processing and mood-related symptoms: An RDoC and translational neuroscience perspective. J Affect Disord, 216:3-16.
  • Sencan H (2005) Sosyal ve davranıssal ölçümlerde güvenirlik ve geçerlilik [Reliability and validity of the social and behavioral measurement]. Ankara (Turkey): Seçkin Yayıncılık 360.
  • Snaith R, Hamilton M, Morley S, Humayan A, Hargreaves D, Trigwell P (1995) A scale for the assessment of hedonic tone the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale. Br J Psychiatry, 167(1):99-103.
  • Taber KS (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Res Sci Educ, 48: 1273-1296.
  • Yan C, Lui SS, Zou L, Wang C, Zhou F, Cheung EF, et al. (2019) Anticipatory pleasure for future rewards is attenuated in patients with schizophrenia but not in individuals with schizotypal traits. Schizophr Res, 206:118-126.
  • Gie YA and Pearce S (2013) A beginner’s guide to factor analysis: Focusing on exploratory factor analysis. Tutor Quant Methods Psychol, 9: 79-94.
  • Zhao JB, Wang YL, Ma QW, Zhao JB, Zhang XY, Zou LQ (2019) The Chemosensory Pleasure Scale: A New Assessment for Measuring Hedonic Smell and Taste Capacities. Chem Senses, 44(7):457-464.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Research
Authors

Özge Akgül 0000-0001-8321-5485

Betül Önder This is me 0000-0002-6423-6704

Publication Date December 29, 2021
Acceptance Date May 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 13 Number: Supplement 1 (Research Issue)

Cite

AMA Akgül Ö, Önder B. Kimyasal Duyu Keyif Ölçeği: Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerliliği ve Güvenirliği. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. December 2021;13(Ek 1):73-83.

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