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Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğunda Aleksitiminin Başa Çıkma Tutumları İle İlişkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: Supplement 1, 133 - 138, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1231762

Abstract

Anksiyete bozuklukları arasında aleksitimik özelliklerin görülme sıklığı %12,5-58 gibi geniş bir aralıkta bulunsa da bu durum sağlıklı bireylerde de bir kişilik özelliği gibi algılanabilmekte ve başa çıkma tutumları ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Çalışmamızda, yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu tanılı hastalarda aleksitimik özelliklerin varlığı ve ile başa çıkma tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması planlanmıştır. Çalışmaya Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu tanısı konan 40 hasta ile 39 sağlıklı gönüllü dahil edildi. Katılımcılar klinik görüşme sonrasında Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği uygulanarak gruplara ayrıldı ve grupların hepsine Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Başa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu tanısı olan hastalardan 19 kişi aleksitimisi olan (Grup 1), 21 kişi aleksitimisi olmayan (Grup 2) ve 39 kişi sağlıklı kontrol (Grup 3) grubuna dahil edilmiştir. Üç grup arasında problem odaklı başa çıkma ve duygu odaklı başa çıkma alt ölçek puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görülürken, işlevsel olmayan başa çıkma tutum puanları açısından üç grup arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı saptanmamıştır. Aleksitimi toplam puanı ve başa çıkma tutumları alt ölçek puanları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için yapılan korelasyon analizinde, aleksitimi toplam puanı ile problem odaklı başa çıkma (r=-0.442) ve duygu odaklı başa çıkma (r= -0.425) arasında orta düzeyde negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, yaygın anksiyete bozukluğunda aleksitimi işlevsel başa çıkma tutumları ile negatif yönde ilişkilidir. Bireyselleştirilmiş psikoterapide bu özelliğe dikkat edilmesi tedavi başarısına katkı sağlayacaktır.

References

  • Agargün MY, Besiroglu L, Kiran ÜK, Özer ÖA, Kara H (2005) COPE (Başa çıkma tutumlarını değerlendirme ölçeği): Psikometrik özelliklere ilişkin bir ön çalışma. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 6:221-226.
  • Bagby RM, Parker JD, Taylor GJ (1994) The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale--I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. J Psychosom Res, 38:23-32.
  • Besharat MA (2010) Relationship of alexithymia with coping styles and interpersonal problems. Procedia Soc Behav Sci, 5:614-618.
  • Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK (1989) Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol, 56:267-283.
  • da Silva AN, Vasco AB, Watson JC (2018) Alexithymia and emotional processing: a longitudinal mixed methods research. Res Psychother, 21:292.
  • De Berardis D, Campanella D, Nicola S, Sepede G, Carano A, Conti C et al. (2008) The impact of alexithymia on anxiety disorders: a review of the literature. Curr Psychiatry Rev, 4:80-86.
  • De Berardis D, Serroni N, Campanella D, Marini S, Rapini G, Valchera A et al. (2017) Alexithymia, suicide ideation, C-reactive protein, and serum lipid levels among outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Arch Suicide Res, 21:100-112.
  • Di Tella M, Tesio V, Ghiggia A, Romeo A, Colonna F, Fusaro E et al. (2018) Coping strategies and perceived social support in fibromyalgia syndrome: Relationship with alexithymia. Scand J Psychol, 59:167-176.
  • Donges US, Suslow T (2017) Alexithymia and automatic processing of emotional stimuli: a systematic review. Rev Neurosci, 28:247-264.
  • Erdem M, Çelik C, Doruk A, Özgen F (2008) Yaygın anksiyete bozukluğunda başa çıkma tutumları. Anatol J Clin Investig, 2:101-105.
  • Güleç H, Köse S, Güleç MY, Çitak S, Evren C, Borckardt J et al. (2009) Reliability and factorial validity of the Turkish version of the 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) Klin Psikofarmakol Bulteni, 19:214-220.
  • Hamaideh SH (2018) Alexithymia among Jordanian university students: Its prevalence and correlates with depression, anxiety, stress, and demographics. Perspect Psychiatr Care, 54:274-280.
  • Hamilton M (1959) The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol, 32:50-55.
  • Kahramanol B (2016) Aleksitimi, öfke ve öfke ifade tarzları ıle stresle başa çıkma tarzları ve psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Kumar V, Avasthi A, Grover S (2018) Somatosensory amplification, health anxiety, and alexithymia in generalized anxiety disorder. Ind Psychiatry J, 27:47-52.
  • Leweke F, Leichsenring F, Kruse J, Hermes S (2012) Is alexithymia associated with specific mental disorders? Psychopathology, 45:22-28.
  • Luminet O, Nielson KA, Ridout N (2021) Having no words for feelings: alexithymia as a fundamental personality dimension at the interface of cognition and emotion. Cogn Emot, 35:435-448.
  • Lumley MA, Neely LC, Burger AJ (2007) The assessment of alexithymia in medical settings: implications for understanding and treating health problems. J Pers Assess, 89:230-246.
  • Luzumlu U (2013) Cinsiyetleri farklı üniversite öğrencilerinin stresle başa çıkma tarzlarının aleksitimi düzeylerine göre incelenmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Mersin, Mersin Üniversitesi.
  • Mattila AK, Kronholm E, Jula A, Salminen JK, Koivisto AM, Mielonen RL et al. (2008) Alexithymia and somatization in general population. Psychosom Med, 70:716-722.
  • Mattila AK, Saarni SI, Salminen JK, Huhtala H, Sintonen H, Joukamaa M (2009) Alexithymia and health-related quality of life in a general population. Psychosomatics, 50:59-68.
  • Mennin DS, McLaughlin KA, Flanagan TJ (2009) Emotion regulation deficits in generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and their co-occurrence. J Anxiety Disord, 23:866-871.
  • Morie KP, Zhai ZW, Potenza MN, Mayes LC (2020) Alexithymia, emotion-regulation strategies, and traumatic experiences in prenatally cocaine-exposed young adults. Am J Addict, 29:492-499.
  • Nicolò G, Semerari A, Lysaker PH, Dimaggio G, Cont L, D'Angerio S et al. (2011) Alexithymia in personality disorders: Correlations with symptoms and interpersonal functioning. Psychiatry Res, 190:37-42.
  • Paniccia MF, Gaudio S, Puddu A, Di Trani M, Dakanalis A, Gentile S et al. (2018) Alexithymia in parents and adolescents with generalised anxiety disorder. Clin Psychol (Aust Psychol Soc), 22:336-343.
  • Raffagnato A, Angelico C, Valentini P, Miscioscia M, Gatta M (2020) Using the body when there are no words for feelings: Alexithymia and somatization in self-harming adolescents. Front Psychiatry, 11:262.
  • Sifneos PE (1996) Alexithymia: past and present. Am J Psychiatry, 153:137-142.
  • Taylor GJ, Bagby RM (2012) The alexithymia personality dimension. In The Oxford Handbook Of Personality Disorders (Ed TA Widiger):648–673. New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Taylor GJ, Bagby RM, Parker JD. (2003) The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. IV. Reliability and factorial validity in different languages and cultures. J Psychosom Res, 55:277-283.
  • Tolmunen T, Heliste M, Lehto SM, Hintikka J, Honkalampi K, Kauhanen J (2011) Stability of alexithymia in the general population: an 11-year follow-up. Compr Psychiatry, 52:536-541.
  • Vuillier L, Carter Z, Teixeira AR, Moseley RL (2020) Alexithymia may explain the relationship between autistic traits and eating disorder psychopathology. Mol Autism, 11:63.
  • Yazici M, Demir B, Tanriverdi N, Karaagaoglu E, Yolac P. (1998) Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçegi: değerlendiriciler arası güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 9:114-117.

Relationship between Alexithymia and Coping Attitudes in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: Supplement 1, 133 - 138, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1231762

Abstract

Among anxiety disorders, the incidence of alexithymic features is found in a wide range of 12.5-58%, and it is a personality trait that can also be seen in healthy individuals. Our study investigated the relationship between alexithymic features and coping attitudes in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Forty patients diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and 39 healthy volunteers participated in the study. Participants were divided into groups using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Coping Attitudes Scale were applied to all participants. Nineteen patients with alexithymia and Generalized anxiety disorder, 21 patients with Generalized anxiety disorder without alexithymia, and 39 healthy volunteers participated in this study. Statistically significant differences were observed between the problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping subscale scores, but there was no difference in dysfunctional coping styles between the three groups. In the correlation analysis performed to determine the relationship between the total alexithymia and Coping attitudes subscale scores, there was a moderate negative correlation between the alexithymia scores and problem-focused (r=-0.442) and emotion-focused coping (r=-0.425) subscale scores. Alexithymia is often accompanied by generalized anxiety disorder and negatively affects coping attitudes.

References

  • Agargün MY, Besiroglu L, Kiran ÜK, Özer ÖA, Kara H (2005) COPE (Başa çıkma tutumlarını değerlendirme ölçeği): Psikometrik özelliklere ilişkin bir ön çalışma. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 6:221-226.
  • Bagby RM, Parker JD, Taylor GJ (1994) The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale--I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. J Psychosom Res, 38:23-32.
  • Besharat MA (2010) Relationship of alexithymia with coping styles and interpersonal problems. Procedia Soc Behav Sci, 5:614-618.
  • Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK (1989) Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol, 56:267-283.
  • da Silva AN, Vasco AB, Watson JC (2018) Alexithymia and emotional processing: a longitudinal mixed methods research. Res Psychother, 21:292.
  • De Berardis D, Campanella D, Nicola S, Sepede G, Carano A, Conti C et al. (2008) The impact of alexithymia on anxiety disorders: a review of the literature. Curr Psychiatry Rev, 4:80-86.
  • De Berardis D, Serroni N, Campanella D, Marini S, Rapini G, Valchera A et al. (2017) Alexithymia, suicide ideation, C-reactive protein, and serum lipid levels among outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Arch Suicide Res, 21:100-112.
  • Di Tella M, Tesio V, Ghiggia A, Romeo A, Colonna F, Fusaro E et al. (2018) Coping strategies and perceived social support in fibromyalgia syndrome: Relationship with alexithymia. Scand J Psychol, 59:167-176.
  • Donges US, Suslow T (2017) Alexithymia and automatic processing of emotional stimuli: a systematic review. Rev Neurosci, 28:247-264.
  • Erdem M, Çelik C, Doruk A, Özgen F (2008) Yaygın anksiyete bozukluğunda başa çıkma tutumları. Anatol J Clin Investig, 2:101-105.
  • Güleç H, Köse S, Güleç MY, Çitak S, Evren C, Borckardt J et al. (2009) Reliability and factorial validity of the Turkish version of the 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) Klin Psikofarmakol Bulteni, 19:214-220.
  • Hamaideh SH (2018) Alexithymia among Jordanian university students: Its prevalence and correlates with depression, anxiety, stress, and demographics. Perspect Psychiatr Care, 54:274-280.
  • Hamilton M (1959) The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol, 32:50-55.
  • Kahramanol B (2016) Aleksitimi, öfke ve öfke ifade tarzları ıle stresle başa çıkma tarzları ve psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Kumar V, Avasthi A, Grover S (2018) Somatosensory amplification, health anxiety, and alexithymia in generalized anxiety disorder. Ind Psychiatry J, 27:47-52.
  • Leweke F, Leichsenring F, Kruse J, Hermes S (2012) Is alexithymia associated with specific mental disorders? Psychopathology, 45:22-28.
  • Luminet O, Nielson KA, Ridout N (2021) Having no words for feelings: alexithymia as a fundamental personality dimension at the interface of cognition and emotion. Cogn Emot, 35:435-448.
  • Lumley MA, Neely LC, Burger AJ (2007) The assessment of alexithymia in medical settings: implications for understanding and treating health problems. J Pers Assess, 89:230-246.
  • Luzumlu U (2013) Cinsiyetleri farklı üniversite öğrencilerinin stresle başa çıkma tarzlarının aleksitimi düzeylerine göre incelenmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Mersin, Mersin Üniversitesi.
  • Mattila AK, Kronholm E, Jula A, Salminen JK, Koivisto AM, Mielonen RL et al. (2008) Alexithymia and somatization in general population. Psychosom Med, 70:716-722.
  • Mattila AK, Saarni SI, Salminen JK, Huhtala H, Sintonen H, Joukamaa M (2009) Alexithymia and health-related quality of life in a general population. Psychosomatics, 50:59-68.
  • Mennin DS, McLaughlin KA, Flanagan TJ (2009) Emotion regulation deficits in generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and their co-occurrence. J Anxiety Disord, 23:866-871.
  • Morie KP, Zhai ZW, Potenza MN, Mayes LC (2020) Alexithymia, emotion-regulation strategies, and traumatic experiences in prenatally cocaine-exposed young adults. Am J Addict, 29:492-499.
  • Nicolò G, Semerari A, Lysaker PH, Dimaggio G, Cont L, D'Angerio S et al. (2011) Alexithymia in personality disorders: Correlations with symptoms and interpersonal functioning. Psychiatry Res, 190:37-42.
  • Paniccia MF, Gaudio S, Puddu A, Di Trani M, Dakanalis A, Gentile S et al. (2018) Alexithymia in parents and adolescents with generalised anxiety disorder. Clin Psychol (Aust Psychol Soc), 22:336-343.
  • Raffagnato A, Angelico C, Valentini P, Miscioscia M, Gatta M (2020) Using the body when there are no words for feelings: Alexithymia and somatization in self-harming adolescents. Front Psychiatry, 11:262.
  • Sifneos PE (1996) Alexithymia: past and present. Am J Psychiatry, 153:137-142.
  • Taylor GJ, Bagby RM (2012) The alexithymia personality dimension. In The Oxford Handbook Of Personality Disorders (Ed TA Widiger):648–673. New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Taylor GJ, Bagby RM, Parker JD. (2003) The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. IV. Reliability and factorial validity in different languages and cultures. J Psychosom Res, 55:277-283.
  • Tolmunen T, Heliste M, Lehto SM, Hintikka J, Honkalampi K, Kauhanen J (2011) Stability of alexithymia in the general population: an 11-year follow-up. Compr Psychiatry, 52:536-541.
  • Vuillier L, Carter Z, Teixeira AR, Moseley RL (2020) Alexithymia may explain the relationship between autistic traits and eating disorder psychopathology. Mol Autism, 11:63.
  • Yazici M, Demir B, Tanriverdi N, Karaagaoglu E, Yolac P. (1998) Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçegi: değerlendiriciler arası güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 9:114-117.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Research
Authors

Hayriye Baykan 0000-0002-3288-2269

Merve Şahin Can 0000-0002-4985-5689

Early Pub Date May 24, 2023
Publication Date December 29, 2023
Acceptance Date May 19, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 15 Issue: Supplement 1

Cite

AMA Baykan H, Şahin Can M. Relationship between Alexithymia and Coping Attitudes in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. December 2023;15(Supplement 1):133-138. doi:10.18863/pgy.1231762

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