Duyusal İşlemleme Hassasiyeti ve Kişilik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2024, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 532 - 542, 30.09.2024

Tayfun Özpek , Fatma Kandemir

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1371508

Abstract

Uyaranlara verilen tepkiler kişiden kişiye değişiklik göstermektedir. Aynı uyaran farklı kişilerin algılayışı ve içinde bulundukları fiziksel ve zihinsel durumlara bağlı olarak farklı etki göstermektedir. Bu farklılık gözetildiğinde, kişinin spesifik bir uyaranı veya uyaran grubunu kendisi için olumsuz ve rahatsızlık verici uyaran veya uyaranlar olarak algıladığı durumlar görülebilmektedir. Özellikle, duyusal işlemleme hasssasiyeti (DİH) yüksek seviyede olan kişiler, hem içsel süreçleri açısından (açlık, acı, ağrı, üzüntü, stres, vb.) hem de içinde bulundukları fiziksel ortamın durumu açısından (yüksek ses, parlak ışık, keskin koku vb.) uyaranların olumsuz etkisini daha yoğun hissetmektedir. Öte yandan, duyusal işlemleme hassasiyetinin olumlu etki ettiği durumların varlığı da göze çarpmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, duyusal işlemleme hassasiyeti ile kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir. Kişilik kavramı, uluslararası alanyazında birçok farklı kuramcı tarafından farklı şekillerde açıklanmaktadır. Kişilik özelliklerinin tanımında ve anlaşılabilmesinde ortaya çıkabilecek karışıklığı önlemek amacıyla, bu derleme çalışmasında kişilik özellikleri Beş Faktör Kişilik Kuramı temel alınarak incelenmektedir. Beş Faktör Kişilik Kuramının kişilik tanımı çerçevesinde, beş temel kişilik özelliği ile duyusal işlemleme hassasiyeti ve duyusal işlemleme hassasiyetinin alt boyutları arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir.

Keywords

Duyusal işlemleme hassasiyeti, Beş Faktör Kişilik Kuramı, duygulanım, tepkisellik, kişilik özellikleri

Ethical Statement

Değerlendirilmek üzere derginize göndermiş bulunduğumuz "Duyusal İşlemleme Hassasiyeti ve Kişilik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi Üzerine Bir Derleme Çalışması" başlıklı makale bir derleme makalesi olduğu için etik kurul onayına gerek duyulmamaktadır.

Relationship between Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Personality Traits

Abstract

Reactions to stimuli vary from person to person. The same stimulus has different effects depending on the perception of different people and the physical and mental states they are in. Considering this difference, situations can be seen in which a person perceives a specific stimulus or group of stimuli as negative and disturbing for themselves. In particular, people with high levels of sensory processing sensitivity feel the negative effects of stimuli more intensely both in terms of their internal processes (hunger, pain, sadness, stress, etc.) and the situation of the physical environment (loud noise, bright light, pungent odor, etc.) which they are in. On the other hand, the existence of situations where sensory processing sensitivity has a positive effect is also noticeable. In this context, the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity and personality traits is examined. The concept of personality is explained in different ways by many different theorists in the international literature. In order to avoid confusion that may arise in the definition and understanding of personality traits, in this review study, personality traits are examined on the basis of the Five Factor Personality Theory. Within the framework of the personality definition of the Five Factor Personality Theory, The relationship between five basic personality traits and sensory processing sensitivity is examined by also considering the subdimensions of each five personality traits.

Keywords

Sensory processing sensitivity, Five Factor Theory of Personality, reactivity, personality traits

References

• Acevedo BP, Aron EN, Aron A, Sangster MD, Collins N, Brown LL (2014) The highly sensitive brain: an fMRI study of sensory processing sensitivity and response to others’ emotions. Brain Behav, 4:580–594.
• Acevedo BP (2020) The Highly Sensitive Brain: Research, Assessment, And Treatment Of Sensory Processing Sensitivity. Cambridge, Academic Press.
• Ahadi B, Basharpoor S (2010) Relationship between sensory processing sensitivity, personality dimensions and mental health. J Appl Sci, 10:570–574.
• Allport GW (1937) Personality: A Psychological Interpretation. New York, Holt.
• Aron EN, Aron A (1997) Sensory-processing sensitivity and its relation to introversion and emotionality. J Pers Soc Psychol, 73:345-368.
• Aron EN, Aron A, Jagiellowicz J (2012) Sensory processing sensitivity: a review in the light of the evolution of biological responsivity. Pers Soc Psychol Rev, 16:262–282.
• Attary T, Ghazizadeh A (2021) Localizing sensory processing sensitivity and its subdomains within its relevant trait space: a data-driven approach. Sci Rep, 11:20343.
• Bakker K, Moulding R (2012) Sensory-processing sensitivity, dispositional mindfulness and negative psychological symptoms. Pers Individ Dif, 53:341-346.
• Baldwin MW, Matthew D, Lieberman (2010) Is there a genetic contribution to cultural differences? Collectivism, individualism and genetic markers of social sensitivity. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci, 5:203–211.
• Bamford JMS, Davidson JW (2019) Trait empathy associated with agreeableness and rhythmic entrainment in a spontaneous movement to music task: preliminary exploratory investigations. Music Sci, 23:5-24.
• Banerjee P, Srivastava M, Krishnamoorthy B (2022) A gender-based comparative analysis of generation x and y on emotional contagion: the qualitative perspective. Bus Perspect Res, 11:336-354.
• Booth C, Standage H, Fox E (2015) Sensory-processing sensitivity moderates the association between childhood experiences and adult life satisfaction. Pers Individ Dif, 87:24-29.
• Bröhl AS, Van Leeuwen K, Pluess M, De Fruyt F, Van Hoof E, Weyn S et al. (2022) Personality profile of the self-identified highly sensitive person: a lay theory approach. J Individ Differ, 43:95–104
• Chacón A, Pérez-Chacón M, Borda-Mas M, Avargues-Navarro ML, López-Jiménez AM (2021) Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the highly sensitive person scale to the adult spanish population (HSPS-S). Psychol Res Behav Manag, 14:1041-1052.
• Chen C, Chen C, Moyzis R, Stern H, He Q, Li H et al. (2011) Contributions of dopamine-related genes and environmental factors to highly sensitive personality: a multi-step neuronal system-level approach. PLoS One, 6:21636.
• Costa PT, McCrae RR (2008) Revised neo personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the five factor inventory (NEO-FFI). In The SAGE Handbook Of Personality Theory and Assessment (DH Saklofske, G Matthews, GJ Boyle),2:179-198. New York, Sage Publications.
• Digman JM, (1990) Personality structure: Emergence of the five factor model. Annu Rev Psychol, 41:417–440.
• Eysenck HJ (1982) The biological basis of cross-cultural differences in personality: Blood group antigens. Psychol Rep, 51:531-540.
• Grimen H, Diseth Å (2016) Sensory processing sensitivity: factors of the highly sensitive person scale and their relationships to personality and subjective health complaints. Percept Mot Skills, 123:637–653.
• Ishikami Y, Tanaka H (2022) Emotional contagion and mirror system activity in the highly sensitive person. ISASE 2022, The 8th International Symposium on Affective Science and Engineering, 8.
• Kajdzik M, Moroń M (2023) Signaling high sensitivity to influence others: initial evidence for the roles of reinforcement sensitivity, sensory processing sensitivity, and the dark triad. Psychol Rep, doi:10.1177/00332941231152387.
• Licht C, Mortensen EL, Knudsen GM (2011) Association between sensory processing sensitivity and the serotonin transporter polymorphism 5-HTTLPR short/short genotype. Biol Psychiatry, 69:152–153.
• Lionetti F, Pastore M, Moscardino U, Nocentini A, Pluess K, Pluess M (2019) Sensory processing sensitivity and its association with personality traits and affect: a meta-analysis. J Res Pers, 81:138–152.
• Liss M, Mailloux J, Erchull MJ (2008) The relationship between sensory processing sensitivity, alexithymia, autism, depression, and anxiety. Pers Individ Dif, 45:255–259.
• Malinakova K, Novak L, Trnka R, Tavel P (2021) Sensory processing sensitivity questionnaire: a psychometric evaluation and associations with experiencing the covid-19 pandemic. International J Environ Res Public Health, 18:12962.
• Myers IB, Myers PB (1995) [1980] Gifts Differing: Understanding Personality Type. Mountain View, Davies-Black Publishing.
• Ormel J, Riese H, Rosmalen JGM (2012) Interpreting neuroticism scores across the adult life course: immutable or experience-dependent set points of negative affect. Clin Psychol Rev, 32:71-79.
• Passer M, & Smith R (2009) Psychology: The Science Of Mind And Behavior 2nd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill.
• Pickering A, Corr P (2008) JA Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality. In The SAGE Handbook Of Personality Theory And Assessment (DH Saklofske, G Matthews, GJ Boyle)1:239-256. New York, Sage Publications.
• Rizzo-Sierra CV, Leon-S ME, Leon-S FE (2012) Higher sensory processing sensitivity, introversion and ectomorphism: new biomarkers for human creativity in developing rural areas. J Neurosci Rural Pract, 3:159-162.
• Roberts BW, Jackson JJ, Fayard JV, Edmonds G, Meints J (2009) Chapter 25: Conscientiousness. In Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior (Eds MR Leary, RH Hoyle):369-381. New York, Guilford Press.
• Roccas S, Sagiv L, Schwartz SH, Knafo A (2002) The big five personality factors and personal values. Pers Soc Psychol B, 28:789-801.
• Sengül-İnal G, Kirimer-Aydinli F, Sümer N (2018) The role of attachment insecurity and big five traits on sensory processing sensitivity. J Psychol, 152:497-514.
• Sengül-İnal G, Sümer N (2018) Duyusal işlemleme hassasiyeti: kuramsal çerçeve ve derleme çalışması. Turk Psikooji Dergisi, 21:38-54.
• Smolewska KA, McCabe SB, Woody EZ (2006) A psychometric evaluation of the highly sensitive person scale: the components of sensory-processing sensitivity and their relation to the bis/bas and big five. Pers Individ Dif, 40:1269–1279.
• Thompson ER (2008) Development and validation of an international english big-five mini-markers, Pers Individ Dif, 45:542–548.
• Toegel G, Barsoux JL (2012) How to become a better leader. MIT Sloan Manag Rev, 53:51–60.
• Trå HV, Volden F, Watten RG (2022) High sensitivity: factor structure of the highly sensitive person scale and personality traits in a high and low sensitivity group: two gender matched studies, Nord Psychol, 4:1-23.
• Tsujioka B, Cattell RB (1965) Constancy and difference in personality structure and mean profile, in the questionnaire medium, from applying the 16 PF test in America and Japan. Br J Soc Clin Psychol, 4:287-297.
• Yano K, Kase T, Oishi K (2019) The effects of sensory-processing sensitivity and sense of coherence on depressive symptoms in university students. Health Psychol Open, 6:31489201.
• Yano K, Kase T, Oishi K (2020) The associations between sensory processing sensitivity and the Big Five personality traits in a Japanese sample. J Individ Differ, 42:84–90.