Hanse Kent Mirasında “Yaşayan Arşiv”: Stralsund Mönchstraße 38’in Mimari ve Restorasyon Analizi

Abstract

Stralsund kent merkezindeki Mönchstraße 38 Müze Evi üzerine yapılan bu makale, yapının yedi yüzyılı aşan mimari, toplumsal ve kültürel evrimini bütüncül koruma perspektifiyle inceler. Çalışmanın amacı, yapının farklı dönemlere ait katmanlarını “yaşayan arşiv” kavramı doğrultusunda değerlendirerek, modern koruma pratiğinin kent belleği ve etik boyutlarını bilimsel temelde tartışmaktır. Mönchstraße 38’in, Hanse döneminden günümüze dek özgün strüktürel ve işlevsel niteliklerini koruyan bir örnek olarak, toplumsal ve mekânsal hafızanın sürekliliği bağlamında bilimsel ve toplumsal önemini ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Makale kapsamında belgeleme, arşiv taraması, mekânsal ve strüktürel çözümleme, yerinde gözlem ve katmanlı okuma gibi yöntemler benimsenmiştir. 1996–1999 restorasyon sürecine ait proje raporları, müdahale öncesi-sonrası karşılaştırmaları, arkeolojik buluntular ve eski kent haritaları üzerinden kapsamlı bir değerlendirme sunulmuştur. Ayrıca Ruskin ve Brandi’nin koruma yaklaşımları karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmıştır. Mönchstraße 38’in hem Hanseatik ticaretin mekânsal dokusunu hem de çağlar boyunca süregelen sosyal farklılaşma ve mimari değişimleri arşivsel doğrulukla taşıdığı tespit edilmiştir. Restorasyon yaklaşımı, dönemsel onarım yerine katmanların üst üste okunabildiği “yaşanmışlık arşivi” modelini öne çıkarmıştır. Üst katlarda yaşamsal işlev, alt katlarda üretim ve ticaretin yer aldığı tipolojik kurgu, toplumsal hiyerarşinin mimariye yansımasını açıkça göstermektedir. Mönchstraße 38 Müze Evi, “belleği koruma” ilkesini fiziksel bütünlükten ziyade anlatısal ve toplumsal süreklilik temelinde hayata geçiren özgün bir koruma modeli sunar. Disiplinler arası koruma, dijital belgeleme ve halk katılımını birleştiren bu yaklaşım, Almanya’daki çağdaş denkmalpflege paradigmasının örneği olarak, Stralsund’un kültürel hafızasının mekânsal manifestosuna dönüşmektedir.

Keywords

• Dielenhaus
• restorasyon
• arkeoloj
• katmanlı koruma
• yaşayan arşiv

Living Archive in Hanseatic Urban Heritage: Architectural and Restoration Analysis of Stralsund’s Mönchstraße 38

Abstract

This study examines the role of monument restorations in the construction of national identity during the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic, and investigates how the discourse of a “national architectural essence” shaped in this period continues to inform contemporary conservation debates. Focusing on the years 1920–1960, the research analyses selected monuments in Istanbul and Ankara, with particular emphasis on Topkapı Palace and several mosques and complexes that were central to the symbolic politics of the new regime. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative, historical–documentary approach, combining archival documents, council minutes, project reports, periodicals and historical photographs with stratified architectural reading of selected sites. The findings reveal that restoration decisions frequently privileged a canonised “classical” Ottoman–Sinan language while marginalising late Ottoman and hybrid layers through stylistic restoration and “cleaning” practices, thereby producing a hierarchical treatment of historical strata. This selective approach stands in clear tension with contemporary conservation principles that prioritise authenticity, integrity and multi-layered continuity. By tracing these tensions back to the early Republican period, the article provides a critical historical background for current debates on monument conservation in Turkey and argues that today’s discussions on authenticity and multi-layeredness cannot be fully understood without acknowledging the ideological legacy of early Republican restoration policies

Keywords

• Dielenhaus
• restoration
• archaeology
• layered conservation
• living archive

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