Research Article

Defining the History of Bitlis' Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers

Volume: 10 Number: 2 June 15, 2026
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Defining the History of Bitlis' Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers

Abstract

This study explores the historical and spatial evolution of Bitlis, a province in Eastern Anatolia, through the narratives, maps, and visual records of travelers who visited it over the centuries. It examines how these textual and visual accounts act as cultural representations that reflect—and in turn shape—the province’s urban memory and morphology. By analyzing the relational dynamics between geography, architecture, and social life, the paper traces how Bitlis’ urban macroform evolved across different historical periods. The research adopts a qualitative approach, combining historical cartography, travelers’ interpretations, and urban mapping techniques. The findings reveal that topography, waterways, and political transformations were decisive in shaping the province’s spatial growth, while travelers’ depictions provide an alternative archive of cultural perception and spatial identity. Ultimately, the study positions Bitlis as a layered urban landscape where geography and cultural narrative intersect, offering insights into the continuity and transformation of historical cities in Anatolia.

Keywords

References

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  2. Arınç, K. (1995). Geçmişteki önemi azalmış kent yerleşmelerine bir örnek: Bitlis. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 1(1), 67–95.
  3. Baş, G. (2010). Gelenek ve gelecek arasında sıkışan bir tarihi kent: Bitlis. History Studies, 2(2), 377–399. http://dx.doi.org/10.9737/hist_75
  4. Başbaydar Belli, F. & Urfalıoğlu, N. (2023). Bitlis kentinin günümüze ulaşamayan hanları. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 16(94), 217–240. https://doi.org/10.29228/JASSS.62989
  5. Belli, O. (1977). Urartular zamanında Van bölgesi yol şebekesi. [Doctoral dissertation, İstanbul University]. https://nek.istanbul.edu.tr/ekos/TEZ/13281.pdf
  6. Bird, I. L. (2010). Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan: Including a summer in the Upper Karun Region and a visit to the Nestorian Rayahs (Vol. 2). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511709890
  7. Cuinet, V. (2001). La Turquie d’Asie. Isis Press.
  8. Dankoff, R. (Ed.). (1990). Evliya Çelebi in Bitlis: The relevant section of the Seyahatname. Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004660755

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Urban Morphology, Urban History, History and Theory of the Built Environment

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 15, 2026

Submission Date

April 12, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 11, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 2

APA
Çelik Başok, G. (2026). Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research, 10(2), 217-228. https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1928897
AMA
1.Çelik Başok G. Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research. 2026;10(2):217-228. doi:10.54864/planarch.1928897
Chicago
Çelik Başok, Gülşah. 2026. “Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers”. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research 10 (2): 217-28. https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1928897.
EndNote
Çelik Başok G (June 1, 2026) Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research 10 2 217–228.
IEEE
[1]G. Çelik Başok, “Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers”, PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 217–228, June 2026, doi: 10.54864/planarch.1928897.
ISNAD
Çelik Başok, Gülşah. “Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers”. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research 10/2 (June 1, 2026): 217-228. https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1928897.
JAMA
1.Çelik Başok G. Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research. 2026;10:217–228.
MLA
Çelik Başok, Gülşah. “Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers”. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research, vol. 10, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 217-28, doi:10.54864/planarch.1928897.
Vancouver
1.Gülşah Çelik Başok. Defining the History of Bitlis’ Urban Development Through the Memories of Travelers. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research. 2026 Jun. 1;10(2):217-28. doi:10.54864/planarch.1928897

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