Use of Various Industrial and Eggshell Wastes for the Sustainable Construction Sector

Year 2024, , 1293 - 1304, 25.09.2024

Ertuğ Aydın

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1207602

Abstract

The alternative composites’ production alleviates the serious problem generated by global warming. Methods to reduce the amount of cement used in concrete production, for example, are being investigated to determine how to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in many applications. Egg shells and various industrial wastes, which are recommended to use in the construction sector at an appropriately high rate, also cause serious environmental damage. Bottom ash (BA) and marble powder (MP) wastes are used today in civil engineering applications. In addition, it is important to increase the use of eggshells due to their rich calcium carbonate content. In this work, BA and MP wastes were blended with eggshells to produce cement paste composites. Two different sets of composites were prepared during this study. The composites were prepared with cement (80%), BA (20%), and MP (20%) wastes by weight with 0.3%, 0.75%, 1.5%, and 2.5% eggshell waste. The fresh (flow table), physical (dry unit mass, apparent specific gravity, and porosity), mechanical (unconfined compressive strength and flexural strength), and durability (water absorption, seawater resistance) tests were conducted. According to the experimental results, the composites can be classified as lightweight construction materials. The test results showed that 0.75% eggshell by weight of cement in bottom ash and marble powder can be used as an optimum value for better performance. The bottom ash mixtures groups are higher water absorption and porosity values when referring to the marble powder mixture groups. The highest compressive strength value was found at 56.03 MPa in the MP mixture group and 52.79 MPa in the BA mixture groups with these optimum eggshell combinations at 56 days. The MP mixture group showed better resistance to seawater when referring to the bottom ash blended mixtures. Laboratory-produced composites are possible candidates for cost-effective and environmentally friendly building materials. The eggshells have a promising alternative binder for concrete in the near future and they are utilized together with industrial wastes such as BA and MP in sustainable concrete construction.

Keywords

eggshell, bottom ash, marble dust, waste, sustainability, environment

Supporting Institution

Lefke Avrupa Üniversitesi

Thanks

The author would like to thank to the assistance of Mr. Birol Karaman and Lütfiye Varoğlu, who provided the materials for the present study.

Çeşitli Endüstriyel ve Yumurta Kabuk Atıklarının Sürdürülebilir İnşaat Sektörü için Kullanılması

Abstract

Alternatif kompozitlerin üretimi, küresel ısınmanın yarattığı ciddi sorunu hafifletmektedir. Örneğin, beton üretiminde kullanılan çimento miktarını azaltma yöntemleri, birçok uygulamada karbondioksit emisyonlarının nasıl azaltılacağını belirlemek için araştırılmaktadır. Uygun bir oranda inşaat sektöründe kullanılması tavsiye edilen yumurta kabukları ve çeşitli endüstriyel atıklar da ciddi çevresel tahribatlara neden olmaktadır. Mermer tozu ve taban külü atıkları günümüzde inşaat mühendisliği uygulamalarında kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca, zengin kalsiyum karbonat içeriği nedeniyle yumurta kabuğu kullanımının arttırılması önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, taban külü ve mermer tozu atıkları, yumurta kabukları ile harmanlanarak çimento hamuru kompozitleri üretilmiştir. Bu çalışma sırasında iki farklı kompozit seti hazırlanmıştır. Kompozitler, ağırlıkça %80 çimento ve %20 mermer tozu ile %20 taban külü olacak şekilde çimento ağırlığının %0.3, %0.75, %1.5 ve %2.5 ‘ı kadarı yumurta kabuğu karıştırılarak hazırlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında taze (akma tablası), fiziksel (kuru birim ağırlık, görünür özgül ağırlık, gözeneklilik), mekanik (basınç ve eğilme dayanımı) ve dayanıklılık (su emme ve deniz suyuna karşı direnç) deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlara göre kompozitler hafif yapı malzemeleri olarak sınıflandırılabilir. Test sonuçları, taban külü ve mermer tozu içindeki çimento ağırlığının % 0,75'i kadar yumurta kabuğunun daha iyi performans için optimum bir değer olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Taban külü gruplarının mermer tozu gruplarına göre daha yüksek su emme ve gözeneklilik değerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ellialtı günlük test sonuçlarına göre en yüksek basınç dayanımı mermer tozu gruplarında 56.0 3 MPa ve taban külü gruplarında ise 52.79 MPa olarak elde edilmiştir. Mermer tozu gruplarının deniz suyuna karşı direnci taban külü gruplarına göre daha yüksektir. Laboratuvarda üretilen kompozitler, uygun maliyetli ve çevre dostu yapı malzemeleri için bir alternatiftir. Yumurta kabukları yakın gelecekte beton için ümit vaat eden alternatif bir bağlayıcı olup, sürdürülebilir beton yapımında taban külü ve mermer tozu gibi endüstriyel atıklarla birlikte değerlendirilmektedir.

Keywords

yumurta kabuğu, taban külü, mermer tozu, atık, sürdürülebilirlik, çevre, eggshell

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