The Effect of Turbulence Model and Nanofluid on Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Narrow Rectangular Duct

Year 2020, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 567 - 579, 01.06.2020

Edaviye Sare Akbay Berkay Dereli , Oğuz Turgut

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.589390

Abstract

The
effect of type of turbulence model and nanofluid on the heat transfer and fluid
flow in a horizontal narrow rectangular duct is numerically studied under
constant wall heat flux boundary condition. Numerical study is carried out
using ANSYS Fluent 17.0 software. Examined parameters are the type of
turbulence model, the type of nanofluid, the volume fraction of nanoparticle in
nanofluid, and the Reynolds number. Three different k-e and
four different k-w turbulence models are employed. Aluminum oxide
Al₂O₃-water and copper oxide CuO-water are used as
nanofluids. Volume fractions of nanoparticles used are 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%
and 4%. Reynolds number changes from 3×10³ to 50×10³.
Results showed that k-ω standard turbulence model with low Reynolds number
correction gives better result. It is seen that both the type and the volume
fraction of nanoparticle in nanofluid affect heat transfer and pressure drop.
Using Al₂O₃ and CuO nanoparticles in water increases
thermal performance. It is found that the performance factor of CuO-water
nanofluid is better than that of Al₂O₃-water nanofluid.
It is seen that using turbulent fully developed flow correlations derived for
circular ducts may end up with incorrect results for the flow in two-dimensional
rectangular duct.

Keywords

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), turbulent flow, nanofluid, heat source, numerical analysis

The Effect of Turbulence Model and Nanofluid on Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Narrow Rectangular Duct

Abstract

The effect of turbulence model and nanofluid
on the heat transfer and fluid flow in a horizontal narrow rectangular duct is numerically
studied under constant wall heat flux boundary condition. Numerical study is
carried out using ANSYS Fluent 17.0 software. Examined parameters are the type
of turbulence model, the type of nanofluid, the volume fraction of nanofluid,
and the Reynolds number. Three different k-e
and four different k-w turbulence
models are employed. Aluminum oxide Al₂O₃-water and
copper oxide CuO-water are used as nanofluids. Volume fractions of
nanoparticles used are 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%. Reynolds number changes from
3×10³ to 50×10³. Results showed that k-ω standard turbulence model with low Reynolds number
correction gives better result. It is seen that both the type and volume
fraction of nanofluid affect heat transfer and pressure drop. Using Al₂O₃
and CuO nanoparticles in water increases thermal performance. It is found that
the performance of CuO-water nanofluid is better than that of Al₂O₃-water
nanofluid. It is seen that using turbulent fully developed correlations derived
for circular ducts may end up with incorrect results for the flow in a two
dimensional rectangular duct.

Keywords

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), turbulent flow, nanofluid, heat source, numerical analysis

References

• [1] Kakac S., Shah R.K. and Aung W., “Handbook of single-phase convective heat transfer”, Wiley, USA, (1987).
• [2] He S. and Gotts J.A., “Calculation of friction coefficients for noncircular channels”, ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, 126: 1033–1038, (2004).
• [3] Prasad B.N. and Saini J.S., “Effect of artificial roughness on heat transfer and friction factor in a solar air heater”, Solar Energy, 41: 555-560, (1988).
• [4] Yuan Z.X., Tao W.Q. and Wang Q.W., “Numerical prediction for laminar forced convection heat transfer in parallel-plate channels with streamwise-periodic rod disturbances”, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 28: 1371-1387, (1998).
• [5] Valencia A., Martin J.S. and Gormaz R., “Numerical study of the unsteady flow and heat transfer in channels with periodically mounted square bars”, Heat and Mass Transfer, 37: 265-270, (2001).
• [6] Chaube A., Sahoo P.K. and Solanki S.C., “Analysis of heat transfer augmentation and flow characteristics due to rib roughness over absorber plate of a solar air heater”, Renewable Energy, 31: 317–331, (2006).
• [7] Sohankar A., “Heat transfer and fluid flow through a ribbed passage in staggered arrangement”, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Transactions of Mechanical Engineering, 34 (5): 471-485, (2010).
• [8] Ahmed H.E., Mohammed H.A. and Yusoff M.Z., “Heat transfer enhancement of laminar nanofluids flow in a triangular duct using vortex generator”, Superlattices and Microstructures, 52: 398-415, (2012).
• [9] Yadav A.S. and Bhagoria J.L., “A CFD based heat transfer and fluid flow analysis of a solar air heater provided with circular transverse wire rib roughness on the absorber plate”, Energy, 55: 1127–1142, (2013).
• [10] Yadav A.S. and Bhagoria J.L., “Modeling and simulation of turbulent flows through a solar air heater having square-sectioned transverse rib roughness on the absorber plate”, The Scientific World Journal, ID 827131, (2013).
• [11] Jhariya K., Ranjan R. and Paswan M.K., “A CFD based performance analysis of heat transfer enhancement in solar air heater provided with transverse semi-circular ribs”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 4: 4528-4537, (2015).
• [12] Albojamal A., Hamzah H., Haghighi A. and Vafai K., “Analysis of nanofluid transport through a wavy channel”, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 72: 869-890, (2017).
• [13] Turgut O. and Arslan K., “Periodically fully developed laminar flow and heat transfer in a 2-D horizontal channel with staggered fins”, Thermal Science, 21: 2443-2455, (2017).
• [14] Mahanand Y., Abhijit M. and Khamari D.S., “CFD analysis of semi-circular rib roughened solar air heater”, International Journal of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, 8: 251-262, (2018).
• [15] Sahu M.K., Pandey K.M. and Chatterjee S., “Numerical investigation of thermal-hydraulic performance of channel with protrusions by turbulent cross flow jet”, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1966:020021, (2018).
• [16] “ANSYS Fluent 17.0 Theory Guide”, ANSYS Inc, (2016).
• [17] Launder B.E. and Spalding D.B., “Lectures in mathematical models of turbulence”, Academic Press, London, England, (1972).
• [18] Yakhot V. and Orszag S.A., “Renormalization group analysis of turbulence I basic theory”, Journal of Scientific Computing, 1: 1-51, (1986).
• [19] Shih T.H., Liou W.W., Shabbir A., Yang Z. and Zhu J., “A new k- eddy-viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows”, Computers Fluids, 24: 227-238, (1995).
• [20] Wilcox D.C., “Turbulence modeling for CFD”, DCW Industries, Inc. La Canada, California, (1998).
• [21] Menter F.R., “Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications”, AIAA Journal, 32: 1598-1605, (1994).
• [22] Pak B.C. and Cho Y.I., “Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study of dispersed fluids with submicron metallic oxide particles”, Experimental Heat Transfer, 11: 151-170, (1998).
• [23] Ababaei A., Arani A.A.A. and Aghaei A., “Numerical investigation of forced convection of nanofluid flow in microchannels: effect of adding micromixer”, Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 10: 1759-1772, (2017).
• [24] Pourfattah F., Motamedian M., Sheikhzadeh G., Toghraie D. and Akbari O.A., “The numerical investigation of angle of attack of inclined rectangular rib on the turbulent heat transfer of water-Al2O3 nanofluid in a tube”, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 131-132: 1106-1116, (2017).
• [25] Amanuel T. and Manish M., “Investigation of thermohydraulic performance of triple concentric-tube heat exchanger with CuO/water nanofluid: Numerical approach”, Heat Transfer Asian Research, 97: 974-995, (2018).
• [26] Moraveji M.K., Barzegarian R., Bahiraei M., Barzegarian M., Aloueyan A. and Wongwises S., “Numerical evaluation on thermal–hydraulic characteristics of dilute heat-dissipating nanofluids flow in microchannels”, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 135: 671–683, (2019).
• [27] Moldoveanu G.M. and Minea A.A., “Specific heat experimental tests of simple and hybrid oxide-waternanofluids: proposing new correlation”, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 279: 299-305, (2019).
• [28] Hamilton R.L. and Crosser O.K., “Thermal conductivity of heterogeneous two component systems”, Industrial & Engineering Chemical Fundamentals, 1: 187–191, (1962).
• [29] Cengel Y.A. and Ghajar A.J., “Heat and mass transfer; fundamentals and applications”, 4th edn., McGraw Hill, New York, (2011).
• [30] Praveen A., Babu P.S. and Mamilla V.R., “Analysis on heat transfer in nanofluids for Al2O3/water”, International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Technology, 2: 134-140, (2012).
• [31] Arzani H.K., Arzani H.K., Kazi S.N. and Badarudin A., “Numerical study of developing laminar forced convection flow of water/CuO nanofluid in a circular tube with a 180 degree curve”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, 10: 795-802, (2016).
• [32] Kezzar M., Nafir N., Tabel I. and Khanetout A., “A new analytical investigation of natural convection of non-Newtonian nanofluids flow between two vertical flat plates by the generalized decomposition method (GDM)”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 4: 2490-2508, (2018).
• [33] Pakdaman M.F., Akhavan-Behabadi M.A. and Razi P., “An experimental investigation on thermo-physical properties and overall performance of MWCNT/heat transfer oil nanofluid flow inside vertical helically coiled tubes”, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 40: 103–111, (2012).
• [34] Ahmed H.E., Yusoff M.Z., Hawlader M.N.A., Ahmed M.I., Salman B.H. and Kerbeetf A.Sh., “Turbulent heat transfer and nanofluid flow in a triangular duct with vortex generators”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 105: 495-504, (2017).
• [35] Boukerma K. and Kadja M., “Convective heat transfer of Al2O3 and CuO nanofluids using various mixtures of water-ethylene glycol as base fluids”, Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 7: 1496-1503, (2017).