Selection of Excitation Operating Points of 10 MW HTS Exciting Double Stator Direct-Drive Wind Generators Having Single and Double Polarity Inner Stator

Year 2020, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 537 - 545, 01.06.2020

Ming Cheng , Xinfu Ning Xinkai Zhu Yubin Wang

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.605750

Cited By: 5

Abstract

The high temperature superconducting (HTS) exciting double stator direct-drive wind generator (HTS-DSDDG) is a promising approach for offshore wind generation, due to the fact that double-stator structure is employed to simultaneously realize stationary seal of the cooling system and brushless of current transfer. In this paper, two kinds of placement strategies of HTS coils are proposed, denoted as single-polarity excitation and double-polarity excitation, respectively. Furthermore, the relationship between the consumption of HTS wires and the volume of the single-/double-polarity HTS-DSDDGs is quantitatively investigated to determine the excitation operating points of HTS coils. Since the different placement strategies of HTS coils will lead to differences of the excitation operating points, as well as differences of generator size and HTS wires consumption, the single-/double-polarity HTS-DSDDGs are compared in terms of the electromagnetic performance, the weight and the material cost. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the 10 MW double-polarity HTS-DSDDG is lighter and lower cost than the single-polarity one.

Keywords

Large-scale wind generator, HTS, double-stator, direct-drive, excitation operating point

Supporting Institution

NSFC

Project Number

51777216

References

• Thang V. V., and Trung N. H., “Evaluating efficiency of renewable energy sources in planning micro-grids considering uncertainties”, Journal of Energy Systems, 3(1): 14-25, (2019).
• Naciri M., Aggour M., and Ahmed W. A., “Wind energy storage by pumped hydro station”, Journal of Energy Systems, 1(1): 32-42, (2017).
• Tan Z., Ngan H. W., Wu Y., et al., “Potential and policy issues for sustainable development of wind power in China”, Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 1(3): 204-215, (2013).
• Balat M., “A review of modern wind turbine technology”, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 31(17): 1561-1572, (2009).
• Bilgili M., Yasar A., and Simsek E., “Offshore wind power development in Europe and its comparison with onshore counterpart”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(2): 905-915, (2011).
• Perveen R., Kishor N., and Mohanty S. R., “Off-shore wind farm development: Present status and challenges”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29: 780-792, (2014).
• Global Wind Energy Council Report, “Global wind report 2018”, April 2019.
• The European Wind Association Report, “Offshore Wind in Europe – Key Trends and Statistics 2018”, February 2019.
• Roland Berger Strategic Consultants Report, “Offshore Wind Toward 2020-on the Pathway to Cost Competitiveness”, April 2013.
• Natarajan A., “An overview of the state of the art technologies for multi-MW scale offshore wind turbines and beyond”, Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, 3(2): 111-121, (2014).
• Bensalah A., Benhamida M. A., Barakat G., et al., “Large wind turbine generators: State-of-the-art review”, 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Alexandroupoli, Greece, 2205–2211, (2018).
• Cheng M. and Zhu Y., “The state of the art of wind energy conversion systems and technologies: A review”, Energy Conversion and Management, 88: 332-347, (2014).
• McKenna R., Ostman v.d. Leye P., and Fichtner W, “Key challenges and prospects for large wind turbines”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 53: 1212-1221, (2016).
• Polinder H., Pijl F. F. A. van der., Vilder G.- de., et al. “Comparison of direct-drive and geared generator concepts for wind turbines”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 21(3): 725-733, (2006).
• Fair R., Stautner W., Douglass M., et al., “Superconductivity for Large Scale Wind Turbines”, General Electric - Global Research, United States, (2012).
• Bray J. W., “Application of superconducting materials to power equipment”, Journal of Electronic Materials, 24(12): 1767-1772, (1995).
• Zhu X., and Cheng M., “Design and analysis of 10 MW class HTS exciting double stator direct-drive wind generator with stationary seal”, IEEE Access, 7: 51129-51139, (2019).
• Qu R., Liu Y., and Wang J., “Review of superconducting generator topologies for direct-drive wind turbines”, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3): 5201108-5201108, (2013).
• Maples B., Hand M., and Musial W., “Comparative Assessment of Direct Drive High Temperature Superconducting Generators in Multi-Megawatt Class Wind Turbines”, National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States), (2010).
• Marino I., Pujana A., Sarmiento G., et al., “Lightweight MgB2 superconducting 10 MW wind generator”, Superconductor Science and Technology, 29(2): 024005-024005, (2015).
• Wang J., Qu R., Tang Y., et al., “Design of a superconducting synchronous generator with LTS field windings for 12 MW offshore direct-drive wind turbines”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(3): 1618-1628, (2016).
• Cheng Y., Li D., Kong W., et al., “Electromagnetic design of a large-scale double-stator direct driving HTS wind generator”, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 28(4): 1-5, (2018).
• Abrahamsen A. B., Mijatovic N., Seiler E., et al., “Superconducting wind turbine generators”, Superconductor Science and Technology, 23(3): 034019-034019, (2010).
• Snitchler G., Gamble B., King C., et al., “10 MW class superconductor wind turbine generators”, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(3): 1089-1092, (2011).
• Xu Y., Maki N., and Izumi M., “Overview study on electrical design of large-scale wind turbine HTS generators”, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 28(5): 1-5, (2018).
• Lloberas J., Sumper A., Sanmarti M., et al., “A review of high temperature superconductors for offshore wind power synchronous generators”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 38: 404-414, (2014).
• Abrahamsen A. B., Magnusson N., Jensen B. B., et al., “Large superconducting wind turbine generators”, Energy Procedia, 24: 60-67, (2012).
• Cheng M., Han P., and Hua W., “General airgap field modulation theory for electrical machines”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(8): 6063-6074, (2017).
• Wang Y., Feng Q., Li X., and Ma W., “Design, analysis and experimental test of a segmented-rotor high temperature superconducting flux-switching generator with stationary seal”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 65(11):9047-9055, (2018).
• Wang Y., Yang G., Zhu X., Lin X., and Ma W., “Electromagnetic characteristics analysis of a high-temperature superconducting field-modulation double-stator machine with stationary seal”, Energies, 11(5): 1269-1269, (2018).
• Polinder H., “Final assessment of superconducting (SC) and pseudo direct drive (PDD) generator performance indicators (PI’s)”, DTU wind, FP7-ENERGY-2012-1- 2STAGE, INNWIND.EU, Tech. Rep., Deliverable D3.44, (2017).