Formik asitten düşük voltajlı hidrojen üretimi: Farklı elektroliz parametrelerinin rolü

Year 2025, EARLY VIEW, 1 - 1

Özgü Yörük , Duygu Uysal , Özkan Murat Doğan

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1655878

Abstract

Bu çalışma, hidrojen üretimi amacıyla formik asidin elektrolizini incelemekte olup, çeşitli parametrelerin ve malzemelerin etkilerine odaklanmaktadır. İlk aşamada, 20°C’de Pd/Pt elektrotlar kullanılarak tek bölmeli bir elektroliz hücresinde deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Formik asit konsantrasyonu, elektrolit türleri ve elektrot malzemelerinin akım yoğunluğu üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. En yüksek akım yoğunluğu (1 V'ta 5,18 mA/cm²), elektrolit olarak H₂SO₄ kullanıldığında elde edilmiştir. Zn/Zn elektrot çifti, Pd/Pt’ye kıyasla dört kat daha yüksek akım yoğunluğu sağlayarak önemli bir üstünlük göstermiştir. İkinci aşamada ise, düşük voltaj (2 V) ve sıcaklık (50°C) koşullarında hidrojen üretimi için elektroliz şartları optimize edilmiştir. Katotta saf hidrojen elde edilerek bu koşullarda başarılı bir hidrojen üretimi doğrulanmıştır. 2 V'ta Faradik verim %92’ye ulaşmış ve yüksek bir hidrojen üretim hızı sağlanmıştır. Uygun maliyetli Zn elektrot kullanımı ve yumuşak elektroliz koşulları, sürecin uygulanabilirliğini ve sürdürülebilirliğini artırmaktadır. Bu bulgular, formik asit elektrolizinin saf hidrojen üretimi için ekonomik ve sürdürülebilir bir alternatif sunduğunu ve umut vadeden, verimli bir yöntem olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Formik asit , hidrojen , elektroliz , Faradik verim

Low-voltage hydrogen production from formic acid: The role of different electrolysis parameters

Abstract

This study investigates the electrolysis of formic acid for hydrogen production, focusing on the effects of various parameters and materials. In the first phase, experiments were conducted using a single-compartment electrolysis cell with Pd/Pt electrodes at 20°C. The effect of formic acid concentration, electrolytes, and electrode materials on current density was analyzed. The highest current density (5.18 mA/cm² at 1 V) was achieved with H₂SO₄ as an electrolyte. The Zn/Zn electrode pair significantly outperformed Pd/Pt, yielding four times higher current density. In the second phase, electrolysis conditions for hydrogen production at low voltage (2 V) and temperature (50°C) were optimized. Pure hydrogen was obtained at the cathode, confirming the successful hydrogen production under these conditions. Faradic efficiency reached 92% at 2 V, with a high hydrogen production rate. The use of cost-effective Zn electrode, along with mild electrolysis conditions, enhances the practicality and sustainability of the process. These findings highlight that formic acid electrolysis is a promising and efficient method for pure hydrogen production, offering an economical and sustainable alternative for hydrogen generation.

Keywords

Formic acid , hydrogen , electrolysis , Faradic efficiency

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