Design and Testing of A Cost-Effective Active Force Sensor With Servo Control

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 6, 2105 - 2116

Kemal Yaman

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1337734

Abstract

In this work, the computerized control of a hydraulic system with analog characteristics is examined, and within this scope, a novel force sensor is designed. The system consists of two main structures: an analog subsystem comprising a four-way servo valve, hydraulic piston, servo amplifier, and the designed force sensor, and a digitizing subsystem responsible for comparison and control, composed of a desktop computer. Throughout this work, a cost-effective force sensor was designed by integrating a compression spring, guides, a support frame and a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). In this integrated system, the force applied at a specific magnitude and frequency from an external force measurement and feedback unit is converted into electrical signals by horizontal motion of the LVDT core. These electrical signals from the force sensor are digitized and fed back to the computer and data acquisition card. The digitized data transferred to the software developed in this study continuously compare with the reference data, enabling position-dependent force control. Experiments conducted with the force sensor placed between two hydraulic pistons controlled by a servo valve revealed that it caused the pistons to move right and left, providing the desired control of the system with the reference force input. The system was observed to operate much more stably, especially for high-frequency signal inputs.

Keywords

Active control, active suspension, linear transducer, position control, servo valve, load cell

Servo Kontrollü Maliyet Etkin Bir Aktif Kuvvet Duyargası Tasarımı ve Denenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, analog özelliklere sahip bir hidrolik sistemin bilgisayar kontrollü kontrolü incelenmiş ve bu kapsamda yeni bir kuvvet sensörü tasarlanmıştır. Sistem dört yollu servo valf, hidrolik piston, servo yükseltici ve tasarlanan kuvvet sensöründen oluşan analog alt sistem ve masaüstü bilgisayardan oluşan karşılaştırma ve kontrolden sorumlu sayısallaştırıcı alt sistem olmak üzere iki ana yapıdan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, bir sıkıştırma yayı, kılavuzlar, bir destek çerçevesi ve bir lineer değişken diferansiyel transformatör (LVDT) entegre edilerek uygun maliyetli bir kuvvet sensörü tasarlanmıştır. Bu entegre sistemde, harici bir kuvvet ölçüm ve geri besleme ünitesinden belirli bir büyüklük ve frekansta uygulanan kuvvet, LVDT çekirdeğinin yatay hareketi ile elektrik sinyallerine dönüştürülür. Kuvvet sensöründen gelen bu elektrik sinyalleri sayısallaştırılır ve bilgisayara ve veri toplama kartına geri beslenir. Bu çalışmada geliştirilen yazılıma aktarılan sayısallaştırılmış veriler, sürekli olarak referans verilerle karşılaştırılarak konuma bağlı kuvvet kontrolü sağlar. Bir servo valf tarafından kontrol edilen iki hidrolik piston arasına yerleştirilen kuvvet sensörü ile yapılan deneyler, pistonların sağa ve sola hareket etmesine neden olarak referans kuvvet girişi ile sistemin istenilen kontrolünü sağladığını ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle yüksek frekanslı sinyal girişlerinde sistemin çok daha kararlı çalıştığı gözlemlendi.

Keywords

Aktif kontrol, aktif süspansiyon, lineer transdüser, pozisyon kontrol, servovalf, yük hücresi

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