LİMAN MERKEZLİ LOJİSTİK PERSPEKTİFİNDEN KATMA DEĞERLİ LOJİSTİK HİZMETLERİNE İLİŞKİN BİR LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ

Abstract

Yükleme/boşaltma ve depolama gibi bir limanın geleneksel rolleri, şiddetli rekabet ortamında artık yeterli olmamaktadır. Müşteri gereksinimleri sürekli değişirken, bir limanın varlık sebebinin yeniden değerlendirmesi ve hayati bir endüstriyel merkez haline gelmesi için katma değerli lojistik hizmetler sunacak şekilde yeniden konumlandırılması gerekmektedir. Örneğin, tedarik zincirinde hizmet sağlayan aktörler olan limanlar, liman sahası veya yakın çevresinde sağlanan katma değerli lojistik hizmetler ile hizmet verilen kargo türlerini genişletebilir ve gelirlerini artırabilir. Liman müşterileri, özellikle de yük sahipleri, bir limandan ek katma değerli lojistik hizmetler almaktan ve belirli tedarik zinciri faaliyetlerini ortadan kaldırarak maliyet avantajı elde etmekten yararlanabilirler. Bu tür olumlu katkılar, hem müşteriler hem de limanlar için rekabet avantajı elde etmenin anahtarıdır. Limanın rekabetçiliğini artırmaya odaklanan önemli sayıda araştırma olmasına karşın, liman merkezli bir lojistik bakış açısına uyum sağlamak için sağladığı katma değerli hizmetleri ele alan az sayıda araştırma bulumaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu araştırma, bir limanın liman merkezli lojistik yaklaşımını benimseyip benimsemediğini ortaya çıkaran katma değerli lojistik hizmetleri oluşturmaya odaklanmaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için sistematik bir literatür taraması yapılmış ve literatür taramasının ilk bulguları, ulaşılan makalelerin yayınlandığı dergiler, ilk yazarların kurumlarının ülkeleri ve yazarların bulguları hakkında bazı istatistikler sunmaktadır. Ayrıca araştırma sonuçları, katma değerli lojistik hizmetler içerisinde en yaygın olarak hafif imalat ve montaj, paketleme ile bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin yer aldığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

• liman merkezli lojistik
• liman lojistik hizmetleri
• rekabet avantajı
• katma değerli lojistik hizmetler
• kaynak temelli yaklaşım

VALUE-ADDED SERVICES FROM A PORT CENTRIC LOGISTICS PERSPECTIVE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The traditional roles of a port such as cargo (un)loading, and storage, are not sufficient in the severe competitive environment anymore. As customer requirements are constantly changing, the raison d'être of a port needs to be re-evaluated and a port should be re-positioned as offering value-added logistics services to become a vital industrial hub. For instance, ports, service-providing actors in the supply chain, can expand the cargo types served and increase their revenues through value-added logistics services offered by port, or within its close vicinity. Ports’ customers, particularly shippers, can benefit from obtaining additional value-added logistics services from a port and achieving cost advantage by eliminating certain supply chain activities. Such positive contributions are key to achieving a competitive advantage for both customers and ports. Although there are a considerable number of research that concentrate on improving port competitiveness, few numbers of research address the value-added services provided by ports for increasing their competitiveness or harmonization to a port-centric logistics viewpoint. For this reason, this research concentrates on establishing a value-added logistics services bundle that discloses whether a port embraces an approach for port-centric logistics. In order to reach that aim, we conduct a systematic literature review, which initially provides some statistics about the journals in which the accessed articles are published, the nations of the first authors' institutions, and the findings of the books, discussion papers, and reports reached. Additionally, the results of the research show that light manufacturing and assembly, packaging and information and communication technologies are the most common value-added logistics services.

Keywords

• port-centric logistics
• port logistics services
• competitive advantage
• value-added logistics services
• Resource-Based View

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