The Relationship Between ABO-Rh Blood Types and Disease Severity in Children with COVID-19 Infection

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate correlation between ABO, Rhesus (Rh) blood type and the disease severity status, pneumonia status in children with COVID-19. Material and Methods: This is a multicenter study of all children <18 years with COVID-19 infection were retrospectively examined from their electronic medical files. Patients were divided into three categories as asymptomatic, mild illness and radiogically proven pneumonia. The differences in the ABO and Rh blood group distribution between COVID-19 patients and also the control group were analyzed. Results: A total of 1026 patients, median age was 12 (1-18) years old from 5 different hospital included in the study. Asymptomatic patients 32% (n=323), mildly symptomatic 59% (n=607), and radiologically proven pneumonia were 9% (n=96) of all cases. A total of 1600 children included as the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the control blood groups and the COVID-19 patients’ blood group distribution (p=0.062). When the laboratory characteristics were evaluated, it was determined that as the clinical severity of the patients increased; when age (p=0.012), leukocyte count (p=0.013), CRP (p=0.002), ferritin (p=0.0001) and D-dimer (p=0.049) had increased; and the lymphocyte counts had decreased (p=0.027). There were no istatistically significant difference between blood groups (ABO and Rh), just ABO status and clinical severity condition (respectively p=0.126, p=0.630). When clinical and laboratory data were evaluated according to Rh status, no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). Conclusions: In our study with pediatric population, no difference was detected between blood types and/or Rhesus condition and COVID-19 severity.

Keywords

• ABO blood group
• COVID-19
• risk factors

COVID-19 Tanılı Çocuklarda ABO-Rh Kan Grupları ile Hastalık Şiddeti Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19'lu çocuklarda ABO, Rhesus (Rh) kan grubu ile hastalık şiddet durumu, pnömoni durumu arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Materyal ve Metot: Bu, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu olan 18 yaşından küçük tüm çocukların elektronik tıbbi dosyalarından retrospektif olarak incelendiği çok merkezli bir çalışmadır. Hastalar asemptomatik, hafif hastalık ve radyolojik olarak kanıtlanmış pnömoni olarak üç kategoriye ayrıldı. COVID-19 hastaları ve kontrol grubu arasındaki ABO ve Rh kan grubu dağılımındaki farklılıklar analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 5 farklı hastaneden medyan yaşı 12 (1-18) olan toplam 1026 hasta dahil edildi. Asemptomatik hastalar %32 (n=323), hafif semptomatik %59 (n=607) ve radyolojik olarak kanıtlanmış pnömoni tüm vakaların %9'u (n=96) idi. Kontrol grubu olarak toplam 1600 çocuk dahil edildi. Kontrol kan grupları ile COVID-19 hastalarının kan grubu dağılımı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p=0,062). Laboratuvar özellikleri değerlendirildiğinde hastaların klinik şiddeti arttıkça; yaş (p=0,012), lökosit sayısı (p=0,013), CRP (p=0,002), ferritin (p=0,0001) ve D-dimer (p=0,049) arttı; ve lenfosit sayıları azaldı (p=0,027). Klinik şiddet durumu ile kan grupları (ABO ve Rh) ve sadece ABO durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (sırasıyla p=0.126, p=0.630). Klinik ve laboratuvar verileri Rh durumuna göre değerlendirildiğinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: Pediatrik popülasyon ile yaptığımız çalışmamızda kan grupları ve/veya Rhesus durumu ile COVID-19 şiddeti arasında fark saptanmadı.

Keywords

• ABO kan grubu
• COVID-19
• risk faktörleri

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