Conference Paper

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience

Volume: 7 Number: Ek December 10, 2019
  • Fahriye Kılınç *
EN TR

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience

Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare histiocytic disease, occurring in 2-10 children per million and 1-2 adults per million, and may have a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Infiltration can develop in almost any organ (the most commonly reported organs are bone, skin, lymph nodes, lungs, thymus, liver, spleen, bone marrow and central nervous system). We aimed to evaluate the histopathological features of the lesions and review the literature in pediatric patients referred to our department for pathological examination and diagnosed as LCH. Materials and Methods: Retrospectively, childhood cases diagnosed with LCH in 2012-2019 were screened by hospital automation system. Age, gender, lesion localizations of the cases were recorded and histopathological features were reviewed. Results: 5 male and 5 female total of 10 cases were detected. The youngest 3 were under the age of 1, the oldest was 16 years old. Localization; 6 of the cases were bone (2 femur, 3 skull bone, 1 scapula), 2 skin, 1 bone and lymph node, 1 lung and lymph node. Histopathology revealed histiocytic cells with grooved nuclei, eosinophilic cytoplasm with eosinophils, and neutrophils in some cases. Immunohistochemical CD1a staining was positive in all cases and positivities were present with S100 in applied 9 cases, CD68 in 4. Ki67 proliferation index was studied in 2 patients with bone localization, 15% and 20%. Conclusion: The term LCH is due to the morphological and immunophenotypic similarity of the infiltrating cells of this disease to Langerhans cells specialized as dendritic cells in the skin and mucous membranes. But these cells do not originate from the Langerhans cells of the skin, but from the myeloid progenitor cells of the bone marrow. Several studies have shown the BRAF-V600E mutation in LCH. The term LCH is currently recommended; histiocytosis-X, Letterer-Siwe disease, Hand-Schüller-Christian disease and diffuse reticuloendotheliosis were abandoned. The term eosinophilic granuloma may be used in the presence of a single lesion, especially in lytic bone lesions. As in our cases, it usually occurs with single or multiple osteolytic bone lesions and to a lesser extent with other organ involvement. It is characterized by infiltration of grooved nuclei histiocytes, accompanied by lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and eosinophils, and areas of fibrosis and necrosis may develop. Immunohistochemical S100, CD1a, Langerin are positive, CD68 is variable. In the differential diagnosis, acute myelomonocytic leukemia, lymphoma, mastocytosis, osteomyelitis, sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy should be considered.

Keywords

References

  1. References 1. Özkal S. Langerhans hücreli histiyositozis (langerhans hücreli granülomatozis, eozinofilik granülom, histiyositozis X). In: Dervişoğlu S, Bilgiç B, Doğanavşargil B, editors. Kemik ve eklem patolojisi multidisipliner yaklaşım. Ankara: Neyir Matbaacılık; 2018. p.383. 2. Uptodate.com [homepage on the Internet]. USA: Clinical manifestations, pathologic features, and diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis [updated 30 Jul 2019; cited Aug 2019]. Available from: uptodate.com 3. Unni KK, Inwards CY, Bridge JA, Kindblom L-G, Wold LE. Conditions that simulate primary neoplasms of bone. In: Silverberg SG, Sobin LH, editors. AFIP atlas of tumor pathology series 4, tumors of the bones and joints. Maryland: ARP Press; 2005. p. 321. 4. Weiss LM, Jaffe R, Facchetti F. Tumours derived from Langerhans cells. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL et al, editors. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon: IARC Press; 2017. p.470. 5. Berres ML, Lim KP, Peters T et al. BRAF-V600E expression in precursor versus differentiated dendritic cells defines clinically distinct LCH risk groups. J Exp Med 2014 Apr 7;211(4):669-83. 6. Jaffe R. Langerhans cell histiocytosis and langerhans cell sarcoma. In: Jaffe ES, Harris NL, Vardiman JW, Campo E, Arber DA, editors. Hematopathology. Chine: Saunders; 2011. p.811. 7. Soyer T, Özyüksel G, Türer ÖB et al. Bilateral Pulmonary Langerhans's Cell Histiocytosis is Surgical Challenge in Children: A Case Report. European J Pediatr Surg Rep 2019 Jan;7(1):e8-e11. 8. Baumgartner I, von Hochstetter A, Baumert B, Luetolf U, Follath F. Langerhans'-cell histiocytosis in adults. Med Pediatr Oncol 1997 Jan;28(1):9-14. 9. Kim SS, Hong SA, Shin HC, Hwang JA, Jou SS, Choi SY. Adult Langerhans' cell histiocytosis with multisystem involvement: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(48):e13366. 10. Goyal G, Ravindran A, Young JR et al. Clinicopathological features, treatment approaches, and outcomes in Rosai-Dorfman disease. Haematologica 2019 Apr 19. pii: haematol.2019.219626. 11. Milne P, Bigley V, Bacon CM et al. Hematopoietic origin of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester disease in adults. Blood 2017 Jul 13;130(2):167-175.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

Conference Paper

Authors

Fahriye Kılınç * This is me
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 10, 2019

Submission Date

January 5, 2020

Acceptance Date

January 15, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 2019 Volume: 7 Number: Ek

APA
Kılınç, F. (2019). Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience. Pediatric Practice and Research, 7(Ek), 550-556. https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS
AMA
1.Kılınç F. Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience. pediatr pract res. 2019;7(Ek):550-556. https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS
Chicago
Kılınç, Fahriye. 2019. “Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis With Histopathological Features, Single Center Experience”. Pediatric Practice and Research 7 (Ek): 550-56. https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS.
EndNote
Kılınç F (December 1, 2019) Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience. Pediatric Practice and Research 7 Ek 550–556.
IEEE
[1]F. Kılınç, “Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience”, pediatr pract res, vol. 7, no. Ek, pp. 550–556, Dec. 2019, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS
ISNAD
Kılınç, Fahriye. “Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis With Histopathological Features, Single Center Experience”. Pediatric Practice and Research 7/Ek (December 1, 2019): 550-556. https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS.
JAMA
1.Kılınç F. Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience. pediatr pract res. 2019;7:550–556.
MLA
Kılınç, Fahriye. “Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis With Histopathological Features, Single Center Experience”. Pediatric Practice and Research, vol. 7, no. Ek, Dec. 2019, pp. 550-6, https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS.
Vancouver
1.Fahriye Kılınç. Langerhans cell histiocytosis with histopathological features, single center experience. pediatr pract res [Internet]. 2019 Dec. 1;7(Ek):550-6. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA98ZH59TS