Review of the literature on Q fever in children
Year 2023,
Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 27 - 30, 29.03.2023
Serpil Oğuz Mızrakçı
,
Taylan Önder
,
Cihan Yüksel
,
Sevil Alkan
Abstract
Aim: Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetti, which has been known for many years in our country and can cause epidemics from time to time.
Methods: This review summarizes the epidemiology, clinical signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of Q fever, and also aims to review the literature on the involvement of this disease in children.
Results: Child case reports and seroprevalence studies have increased worldwide, especially in the last 20 years. A seroprevalence study investigating Q fever in children from our country could not be reached.
Conclusion: Türkiye is among the countries where Q fever can be seen. There is a need for clinical studies investigating the seroprevalence of Q fever in children (patient groups, risk groups, and healthy populations) in our country.
References
- 1. Nourse C, Allworth A, Jones A, et al. Three cases of Q fever osteomyelitis in children and a review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39(7):e61-6. doi: 10.1086/424014.
- 2. Terheggen U, Leggat PA. Clinical manifestations of Q fever in adults and children. Travel Med Infect Dis 2007;5(3):159-64. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.06.001.
- 3. España PP, Uranga A, Cillóniz C, Torres A. Q Fever (Coxiella Burnetii). Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2020;41(4):509-21. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710594.
- 4. Eldin C, Mélenotte C, Mediannikov O, et al. From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017;30(1):115-90. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00045-16.
- 5. White B, Brooks T, Seaton RA. 2013. Q fever in military and paramilitary personnel in conflict zones: case report and review. Travel Med Infect Dis 11:134–7. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.11.001.
- 6. Eldin C, Mahamat A, Demar M, et al. 2014. Q fever in French Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91:771–6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0282.
- 7. Angelakis E, Mediannikov O, Socolovschi C, et al. 2014. Coxiella burnetii-positive PCR in febrile patients in rural and urban Africa. Int J Infect Dis 28:107–10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.05.029.
- 8. Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ, Bleeker-Rovers CP. Q fever in the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010. Neth J Med 2010; 68:382–7.
- 9. Akçalı A. La febbre Q in Turchia [Q fever in Turkey]. Policlinico Prat. 1950;57(42):1330-6.
- 10. Payzin S. Epidemiological investigations on Q fever in Turkey. Bull World Health Organ. 1953;9(4):553-8.
- 11. Payzın S. Q fever epidemic in Ozancik village. Turkish Bull Hyg Exp Biol 1948; 8(3):116–24.
- 12. Gozalan A, Rolain JM, Ertek M, et al. Seroprevalence of Q fever in a district located in the west Black Sea region of Turkey. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010;29(4):465-9. doi: 10.1007/s10096-010-0885-3.
- 13. Karabay O, Kocoglu E, Baysoy G, Konyalioglu S (2007) Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in the rural part of Bolu, a city located in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. In: Proceedings of the 17th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), 25th International Congress of Chemotherapy (ICC), Munich, Germany, 31 Mar–4 Apr 2007, abstract number 1734–123.
- 14. Berberoğlu U, Gözalan A, Kiliç S, Kurtoğlu D, Esen B. Antalya, Diyarbakir ve Samsun illerinde Coxiella burnetii seroprevalans çalişmasi [A seroprevalence study of Coxiella burnetii in Antalya, Diyarbakir and Samsun provinces]. Mikrobiyol Bul 2004;38(4):385-91.
- 15. Gözalan A, Akin L, Rolain JM, et al. Epidemiological evaluation of a possible outbreak in and nearby Tokat province. Mikrobiyol Bul 2004;38(1-2):33-44.
- 16. Gozalan A, Esen B, Rolain JM, Akin L, Raoult D. Is Q fever an emerging infection in Turkey? East Mediterr Health J 2005;11(3):384-91.
- 17. Köksal E, Günal Ö, Kılıç SS. Q fever: An occupational disease. Klimik Derg. 2020;33(2):195-6. doi: 10.5152/kd.2020.42
- 18. Çelebi B, Baş B, Bali EA, Yavuz SŞ. First Isolation of Coxiella burnetii in Turkey from a Patient with Endocarditis; Antigen Production and Phase Change Study. Mikrobiyol Bul 2019;53(3):274-84. doi: 10.5578/mb.68336.
- 19. Alkan S, Şener A, Kayta SBG, Akça A. Q Fever in the Differential Diagnosis of COVID 19 Infection. Turkish Journal of Internal Medicine2021; 3(4): 145-6.
- 20. Sonsöz MR, Agüloğlu Bali E, Aydoğan M, Mercanoğlu F, Şimşek Yavuz S. Q fever endocarditis: is it always subacute or chronic? Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2020;48(1):72-76. doi: 10.5543/tkda.2019.59153.
- 21. Sağlam B, Albayrak M, Acar A, et al. Q fever as a rare cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Case report. Transfus Apher Sci 2020;59(4):102747. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102747.
- 22. Merhej V, Tattevin P, Revest M, Le Touvet B, Raoult D. Q fever osteomyelitis: a case report and literature review. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2012;35(2):169-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2011.12.008.
- 23. Dupuis G, Petite J, Péter O, Vouilloz M. An important outbreak of human Q fever in a Swiss Alpine valley. Int J Epidemiol 1987;16(2):282–7. doi: 10.1093/ije/16.2.282.
- 24. Raoult D, Marrie T, Mege J. Natural history and pathophysiology of Q fever. Lancet Infect Dis 2005;5(4):219–26. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70052-9.
- 25. Fenollar F, Fournier PE, Carrieri MP, et al. Risks factors and prevention of Q fever endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33(3):312-6. doi: 10.1086/321889.
- 26. Domingo P, Muñoz C, Franquet T, et al. Acute Q fever in adult patients: report on 63 sporadic cases in an urban area. Clin Infect Dis 1999;29(4):874–9. doi: 10.1086/520452.
- 27. Raoult D, Tissot-Dupont H, Foucault C, et al. Q fever 1985-1998. Clinical and epidemiologic features of 1,383 infections. Medicine 2000;79(2):109–23. doi: 10.1097/00005792-200003000-00005.
- 28. Heo JY, Choi YW, Kim EJ, et al. Clinical characteristics of acute Q fever patients in South Korea and time from symptom onset to serologic diagnosis. BMC Infect Dis 2019;19(1):903. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4479-0.
- 29. Maurin M, Raoult D. Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;12(4):518-53. doi: 10.1128/CMR.12.4.518.
- 30. Sobradillo V, Zalacain R, Capelastegui A, Uresandi F, Corral J. Antibiotic treatment in pneumonia due to Q fever. Thorax 1992;47(4):276–278. doi: 10.1136/thx.47.4.276.
- 31. Maltezou HC, Raoult D. Q fever in children. Lancet Infect Dis 2002;2(11):686-91. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(02)00440-1.
- 32. Cherry CC, Kersh GJ. Pediatric Q Fever. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2020;22(4):10.1007/s11908-020-0719-0. doi: 10.1007/s11908-020-0719-0.
- 33. Bart IY, Schabos Y, Van Hout RWNM, Leenders ACAP, De Vries E. Pediatric acute Q fever mimics other common childhood illnesses. PloS One 2014;9(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088677.
- 34. Wielders CC, van Loenhout JA, Morroy G, et al. Long-term serological follow-up of acute Q-fever patients after a large epidemic. PLoS One 2015;10(7):e0131848. 10.1371/journal.pone.0131848
- 35. Sachs N, Atiya-Nasagi Y, Beth-Din A, et al. Chronic Q Fever Infections in Israeli Children: A 25-year Nationwide Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018;37(3):212-7. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001790.
- 36. Costa B, Morais A, Santos AS, et al. Q Fever Chronic Osteomyelitis in Two Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2015;34(11):1269-71. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000861.
- 37. Britton PN, Macartney K, Arbuckle S, Little D, Kesson A. A Rare Case of Q Fever Osteomyelitis in a Child From Regional Australia. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2015;4(3):e28-31. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piu095.
- 38. Hernández-Rupérez MB, Seoane-Reula E, Villa Á, et al. Chronic Q Fever as Recurrent Osteoarticular Infection in Children: Case Report and Literature Review. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022;41(11):e489-e494. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003655.
- 39. Francis JR, Robson J, Wong D, et al. Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Q Fever Osteomyelitis in Children: An Emerging Clinical Challenge. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2016;35(9):972-6. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001211.
- 40. Maltezou HC, Constantopoulou I, Kallergi C, et al. Q fever in children in Greece. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004;70(5):540-4.
- 41. To H, Kako N, Zhang GQ, Otsuka H, et al. Q fever pneumonia in children in Japan. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(3):647-51. doi: 10.1128/jcm.34.3.647-651.1996.
- 42. Slok EN, Dijkstra F, de Vries E, et al. Estimation of acute and chronic Q fever incidence in children during a three-year outbreak in the Netherlands and a comparison with international literature. BMC Res Notes 2015;8:456. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1389-0.
- 43. Ceylan O, Ozgur S, Orun UA, et al. Coxiella Burnetii endocarditis in a child with operated congenital heart disease who presented with fever of unknown origin. Turkish Pediatrics Archive 2013;48(4):339-42.
Çocuklarda Q ateşi konulu literatürün derlemesi
Year 2023,
Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 27 - 30, 29.03.2023
Serpil Oğuz Mızrakçı
,
Taylan Önder
,
Cihan Yüksel
,
Sevil Alkan
Abstract
Amaç: Q ateşi Coxiella burnetti 'nin etkeni olduğu, ülkemizde uzun yıllardır bilinen, zaman zaman salgınlara yol açabilen zoonotik bir hastalıktır.
Yöntemler: Bu derleme çalışmasında Q ateşinin epidemiyolojisi, klinik belirtileri, semptomlarını, tanı ve tedavisini özetlemekte, ayrıca bu hastalığın çocuklardaki tutulumlarına yönelik literatürün gözden geçirilmesini hedeflemektedir.
Bulgular: Dünya genelinde çocuk vaka bildirimleri ve seroprevelans çalışmaları özellikle son 20 yılda artmıştır. Ülkemizden ise çocuklara Q ateşini araştıran seroprevelans çalışmasına ulaşılamadı.
Sonuçlar: Türkiye Q ateşinin görülebildiği ülkeler arasındandır. Ülkemiz çocuklarında (hasta grupları, risk grupları ve sağlam popülasyonda) Q ateşi seroprevelansını araştıran ve klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Supporting Institution
yok
References
- 1. Nourse C, Allworth A, Jones A, et al. Three cases of Q fever osteomyelitis in children and a review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39(7):e61-6. doi: 10.1086/424014.
- 2. Terheggen U, Leggat PA. Clinical manifestations of Q fever in adults and children. Travel Med Infect Dis 2007;5(3):159-64. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.06.001.
- 3. España PP, Uranga A, Cillóniz C, Torres A. Q Fever (Coxiella Burnetii). Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2020;41(4):509-21. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710594.
- 4. Eldin C, Mélenotte C, Mediannikov O, et al. From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017;30(1):115-90. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00045-16.
- 5. White B, Brooks T, Seaton RA. 2013. Q fever in military and paramilitary personnel in conflict zones: case report and review. Travel Med Infect Dis 11:134–7. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.11.001.
- 6. Eldin C, Mahamat A, Demar M, et al. 2014. Q fever in French Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91:771–6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0282.
- 7. Angelakis E, Mediannikov O, Socolovschi C, et al. 2014. Coxiella burnetii-positive PCR in febrile patients in rural and urban Africa. Int J Infect Dis 28:107–10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.05.029.
- 8. Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ, Bleeker-Rovers CP. Q fever in the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010. Neth J Med 2010; 68:382–7.
- 9. Akçalı A. La febbre Q in Turchia [Q fever in Turkey]. Policlinico Prat. 1950;57(42):1330-6.
- 10. Payzin S. Epidemiological investigations on Q fever in Turkey. Bull World Health Organ. 1953;9(4):553-8.
- 11. Payzın S. Q fever epidemic in Ozancik village. Turkish Bull Hyg Exp Biol 1948; 8(3):116–24.
- 12. Gozalan A, Rolain JM, Ertek M, et al. Seroprevalence of Q fever in a district located in the west Black Sea region of Turkey. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010;29(4):465-9. doi: 10.1007/s10096-010-0885-3.
- 13. Karabay O, Kocoglu E, Baysoy G, Konyalioglu S (2007) Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in the rural part of Bolu, a city located in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. In: Proceedings of the 17th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), 25th International Congress of Chemotherapy (ICC), Munich, Germany, 31 Mar–4 Apr 2007, abstract number 1734–123.
- 14. Berberoğlu U, Gözalan A, Kiliç S, Kurtoğlu D, Esen B. Antalya, Diyarbakir ve Samsun illerinde Coxiella burnetii seroprevalans çalişmasi [A seroprevalence study of Coxiella burnetii in Antalya, Diyarbakir and Samsun provinces]. Mikrobiyol Bul 2004;38(4):385-91.
- 15. Gözalan A, Akin L, Rolain JM, et al. Epidemiological evaluation of a possible outbreak in and nearby Tokat province. Mikrobiyol Bul 2004;38(1-2):33-44.
- 16. Gozalan A, Esen B, Rolain JM, Akin L, Raoult D. Is Q fever an emerging infection in Turkey? East Mediterr Health J 2005;11(3):384-91.
- 17. Köksal E, Günal Ö, Kılıç SS. Q fever: An occupational disease. Klimik Derg. 2020;33(2):195-6. doi: 10.5152/kd.2020.42
- 18. Çelebi B, Baş B, Bali EA, Yavuz SŞ. First Isolation of Coxiella burnetii in Turkey from a Patient with Endocarditis; Antigen Production and Phase Change Study. Mikrobiyol Bul 2019;53(3):274-84. doi: 10.5578/mb.68336.
- 19. Alkan S, Şener A, Kayta SBG, Akça A. Q Fever in the Differential Diagnosis of COVID 19 Infection. Turkish Journal of Internal Medicine2021; 3(4): 145-6.
- 20. Sonsöz MR, Agüloğlu Bali E, Aydoğan M, Mercanoğlu F, Şimşek Yavuz S. Q fever endocarditis: is it always subacute or chronic? Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2020;48(1):72-76. doi: 10.5543/tkda.2019.59153.
- 21. Sağlam B, Albayrak M, Acar A, et al. Q fever as a rare cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Case report. Transfus Apher Sci 2020;59(4):102747. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102747.
- 22. Merhej V, Tattevin P, Revest M, Le Touvet B, Raoult D. Q fever osteomyelitis: a case report and literature review. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2012;35(2):169-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2011.12.008.
- 23. Dupuis G, Petite J, Péter O, Vouilloz M. An important outbreak of human Q fever in a Swiss Alpine valley. Int J Epidemiol 1987;16(2):282–7. doi: 10.1093/ije/16.2.282.
- 24. Raoult D, Marrie T, Mege J. Natural history and pathophysiology of Q fever. Lancet Infect Dis 2005;5(4):219–26. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70052-9.
- 25. Fenollar F, Fournier PE, Carrieri MP, et al. Risks factors and prevention of Q fever endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33(3):312-6. doi: 10.1086/321889.
- 26. Domingo P, Muñoz C, Franquet T, et al. Acute Q fever in adult patients: report on 63 sporadic cases in an urban area. Clin Infect Dis 1999;29(4):874–9. doi: 10.1086/520452.
- 27. Raoult D, Tissot-Dupont H, Foucault C, et al. Q fever 1985-1998. Clinical and epidemiologic features of 1,383 infections. Medicine 2000;79(2):109–23. doi: 10.1097/00005792-200003000-00005.
- 28. Heo JY, Choi YW, Kim EJ, et al. Clinical characteristics of acute Q fever patients in South Korea and time from symptom onset to serologic diagnosis. BMC Infect Dis 2019;19(1):903. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4479-0.
- 29. Maurin M, Raoult D. Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;12(4):518-53. doi: 10.1128/CMR.12.4.518.
- 30. Sobradillo V, Zalacain R, Capelastegui A, Uresandi F, Corral J. Antibiotic treatment in pneumonia due to Q fever. Thorax 1992;47(4):276–278. doi: 10.1136/thx.47.4.276.
- 31. Maltezou HC, Raoult D. Q fever in children. Lancet Infect Dis 2002;2(11):686-91. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(02)00440-1.
- 32. Cherry CC, Kersh GJ. Pediatric Q Fever. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2020;22(4):10.1007/s11908-020-0719-0. doi: 10.1007/s11908-020-0719-0.
- 33. Bart IY, Schabos Y, Van Hout RWNM, Leenders ACAP, De Vries E. Pediatric acute Q fever mimics other common childhood illnesses. PloS One 2014;9(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088677.
- 34. Wielders CC, van Loenhout JA, Morroy G, et al. Long-term serological follow-up of acute Q-fever patients after a large epidemic. PLoS One 2015;10(7):e0131848. 10.1371/journal.pone.0131848
- 35. Sachs N, Atiya-Nasagi Y, Beth-Din A, et al. Chronic Q Fever Infections in Israeli Children: A 25-year Nationwide Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018;37(3):212-7. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001790.
- 36. Costa B, Morais A, Santos AS, et al. Q Fever Chronic Osteomyelitis in Two Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2015;34(11):1269-71. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000861.
- 37. Britton PN, Macartney K, Arbuckle S, Little D, Kesson A. A Rare Case of Q Fever Osteomyelitis in a Child From Regional Australia. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2015;4(3):e28-31. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piu095.
- 38. Hernández-Rupérez MB, Seoane-Reula E, Villa Á, et al. Chronic Q Fever as Recurrent Osteoarticular Infection in Children: Case Report and Literature Review. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022;41(11):e489-e494. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003655.
- 39. Francis JR, Robson J, Wong D, et al. Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Q Fever Osteomyelitis in Children: An Emerging Clinical Challenge. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2016;35(9):972-6. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001211.
- 40. Maltezou HC, Constantopoulou I, Kallergi C, et al. Q fever in children in Greece. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004;70(5):540-4.
- 41. To H, Kako N, Zhang GQ, Otsuka H, et al. Q fever pneumonia in children in Japan. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(3):647-51. doi: 10.1128/jcm.34.3.647-651.1996.
- 42. Slok EN, Dijkstra F, de Vries E, et al. Estimation of acute and chronic Q fever incidence in children during a three-year outbreak in the Netherlands and a comparison with international literature. BMC Res Notes 2015;8:456. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1389-0.
- 43. Ceylan O, Ozgur S, Orun UA, et al. Coxiella Burnetii endocarditis in a child with operated congenital heart disease who presented with fever of unknown origin. Turkish Pediatrics Archive 2013;48(4):339-42.