Review Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 131 - 136, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15802195

Abstract

References

  • Bedir, F. N. (2017). Yetişkinlerin Çocukluk Anılarındaki Tanrı İmgesinin Analizi. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16, (32).
  • Bilecik, S. (2017). Anne Baba Tutumlarının Bireylerin Din Algısına Etkisi. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 15 (33), 7-38.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988) . A Secure Base: Parent- Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. London, Routledge - Basic Books.
  • Düzgün, Ş. A. (2005). Allah Tasavvurlarına Dair Tartışmanın Problematiği. Tanrı Tasavvurları ve Sosyal Hayata Yansımaları Sempozyumu, Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, s.60
  • Freud, S. (2020). Musa ve Tektanrıcılık (Çev. Z. Yalçın). Say Yayınları.
  • Freud, S. (2023). Totem ve Tabu. çev. Kamuran Şipal. İstanbul: Say Yayınları
  • Granqvist, P., & Hagekull, B. (2001). The religious development of youth: Stability and change over time. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 11(4), 251–263.
  • Grimes, C. (2007) God Image Research: A Literature Review, Co-published simultaneously in Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, (The Haworth Pastoral Press, an imprint of The Haworth Press, Vol. 9, No. 3/4, s. 11-32.
  • Hacıkeleşoğlu, H., & Karaca, F. (2021). Ebeveyn Tutumlarının Tanrı Tasavvuru İle İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 53, 195-236
  • Hayta, A. (2006). ‘Anneden Allah'a: Bağlanma Teorisi ve İslamda Allah Tasavvuru. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 4 (12), 29-63.
  • Hayta, A. (2010). Nesne İlişkileri Kuramı ve Tanrı Tasavvuru Üzerine Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 8 (20), 39-79.
  • Hood, R. W., Hill, P. C., & Spilka, B. (2009). The psychology of religion: An empirical approach (4th ed., p. 95). New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Hwang, K. K., & Kim, S. J. (2007). The epistemological bias of individualism in the social sciences: A perspective from Confucianism. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 10(1), 41–53.
  • Kazanç, F. K. (2005). Eş’ari Kelam Sisteminde Allah Anlayışı ve Doğurduğu Sonuçlar, Tanrı Tasavvurları ve Sosyal Hayata Yansımaları Sempozyumu, Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları
  • Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2005). Attachment, Evolution, and the Psychology of Religion, New York, Guilford Press,
  • Kısa, C. (2013). Nesne ilişkileri kuramı ve Tanrı tasavvuru. Doctoral dissertation. Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey.
  • Kısa, C. (2015) “Filozofların, Teologların ve Psikanalistlerin Tanrısı: Tanrı Kavramı ve Tanrı Tasavvuru”, International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 10/10, s. 639-654.
  • Klein, M. (1946). Notes on Some Schizoid Mechanisms. Int J Psychoanal, 27, 99-110.
  • Lawrence, R. T. (1997). Measuring the image of God: The God Image Inventory and the God Image Scales. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 25(2), 214–226.
  • Loewenthal, K. M. (2000) The Psychology of Religion: A Short Introduction, Oneworld Publications, Oxford
  • Loewenthal, K. M. (2006). Religion, culture and mental health. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mehmedoğlu, A. U. (2000). Tanrı tasavvurları. In H. Hökelekli (Ed.), Din psikolojisi (pp. 171–190). Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Mehmedoğlu, A. U. (2011). Tanrıyı Tasavvur Etmek (1. Baskı). İstanbul: Çamlıca Yayınları.
  • Meier, A., & Meier, M. (2004). The Formation of Adolescents’ Image of God: Predictors and Age and Gender Differences. American Journal of Pastoral Counseling, 7(2), 91–111. https://doi.org/10.1300/J062v07n02_07
  • Rizzuto, A. M. (1979). The birth of the living God: A psychoanalytic study. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Rizzuto, A. M. (2009). Why did Freud reject God? A psychoanalytic interpretation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Ross, M.E. (2001). The humanity of Gods: The past and the future of Freud’s psychoanalytic interpretation of religion. Annual of Psychoanalysis, 29, 263-275.
  • Schaap-Jonker, H. (2008). Before the Face of God: An Interdisciplinary Study of the Meaning of the Sermon and the Hearer’s God Image, Kampen, Protestant Theological University, Diss., Transaction Publishers, USA
  • Vergote, A., & Tamayo, A. (1981). The parental figures and the representation of God: A psychological and cross- cultural study. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
  • Vergote, A., Aubert, C., & Houard, J. (1972). Parental Images and Representations of God. Social Compass, 19(3), 431–444.
  • Winnicott, D.W., (2021). Oyun ve Gerçeklik, çev. T. Birkan. İstanbul, Metis Yayınları
  • Yıldız, M. (2013).Çocukların Tanrı İmgesinin Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi. Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(13), 45-63.

Theoretical examination of the formation of the concept of the God

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 131 - 136, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15802195

Abstract

The concept of God is a multi-layered phenomenon concerning how a person perceives God and how they relate to God. This phenomenon is associated with the individual's developmental processes and internal representations. Representations of God can manifest differently in each person's mind. The society, family, and past experiences in which a person is raised influence the shaping of the concept of God. How a person imagines God, how they internalize God, and how they relate to God is based on subjective experiences. In this context, studies in the literature have attempted to provide explanations of how concepts of God are formed and have sought to understand the relationship between concepts of God and personality structure. Internal representations, images, and thoughts related to God have been investigated within the framework of subjective experiences and addressed in a theoretical context. In this article, ideas regarding the formation of the concept of God will be examined within the frameworks of psychoanalysis, attachment theory, and object relations theory, which have been previously associated with the concept of God in earlier studies; these theoretical examinations will be presented from a holistic perspective. The aim of the study is to offer a more layered, in-depth, and comprehensive perspective on the formation of God representations by integrating three theoretical perspectives. This study aims to provide a theoretical framework and seeks to lay the groundwork for future empirical studies. It proposes an interdisciplinary and psychodynamic-based perspective for future studies that will examine how the representation of God is structured in different social and religious contexts.

Ethical Statement

n0 need to ethical committee approval

Supporting Institution

no fund

References

  • Bedir, F. N. (2017). Yetişkinlerin Çocukluk Anılarındaki Tanrı İmgesinin Analizi. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16, (32).
  • Bilecik, S. (2017). Anne Baba Tutumlarının Bireylerin Din Algısına Etkisi. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 15 (33), 7-38.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988) . A Secure Base: Parent- Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. London, Routledge - Basic Books.
  • Düzgün, Ş. A. (2005). Allah Tasavvurlarına Dair Tartışmanın Problematiği. Tanrı Tasavvurları ve Sosyal Hayata Yansımaları Sempozyumu, Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, s.60
  • Freud, S. (2020). Musa ve Tektanrıcılık (Çev. Z. Yalçın). Say Yayınları.
  • Freud, S. (2023). Totem ve Tabu. çev. Kamuran Şipal. İstanbul: Say Yayınları
  • Granqvist, P., & Hagekull, B. (2001). The religious development of youth: Stability and change over time. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 11(4), 251–263.
  • Grimes, C. (2007) God Image Research: A Literature Review, Co-published simultaneously in Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, (The Haworth Pastoral Press, an imprint of The Haworth Press, Vol. 9, No. 3/4, s. 11-32.
  • Hacıkeleşoğlu, H., & Karaca, F. (2021). Ebeveyn Tutumlarının Tanrı Tasavvuru İle İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 53, 195-236
  • Hayta, A. (2006). ‘Anneden Allah'a: Bağlanma Teorisi ve İslamda Allah Tasavvuru. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 4 (12), 29-63.
  • Hayta, A. (2010). Nesne İlişkileri Kuramı ve Tanrı Tasavvuru Üzerine Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 8 (20), 39-79.
  • Hood, R. W., Hill, P. C., & Spilka, B. (2009). The psychology of religion: An empirical approach (4th ed., p. 95). New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Hwang, K. K., & Kim, S. J. (2007). The epistemological bias of individualism in the social sciences: A perspective from Confucianism. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 10(1), 41–53.
  • Kazanç, F. K. (2005). Eş’ari Kelam Sisteminde Allah Anlayışı ve Doğurduğu Sonuçlar, Tanrı Tasavvurları ve Sosyal Hayata Yansımaları Sempozyumu, Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları
  • Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2005). Attachment, Evolution, and the Psychology of Religion, New York, Guilford Press,
  • Kısa, C. (2013). Nesne ilişkileri kuramı ve Tanrı tasavvuru. Doctoral dissertation. Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey.
  • Kısa, C. (2015) “Filozofların, Teologların ve Psikanalistlerin Tanrısı: Tanrı Kavramı ve Tanrı Tasavvuru”, International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 10/10, s. 639-654.
  • Klein, M. (1946). Notes on Some Schizoid Mechanisms. Int J Psychoanal, 27, 99-110.
  • Lawrence, R. T. (1997). Measuring the image of God: The God Image Inventory and the God Image Scales. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 25(2), 214–226.
  • Loewenthal, K. M. (2000) The Psychology of Religion: A Short Introduction, Oneworld Publications, Oxford
  • Loewenthal, K. M. (2006). Religion, culture and mental health. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mehmedoğlu, A. U. (2000). Tanrı tasavvurları. In H. Hökelekli (Ed.), Din psikolojisi (pp. 171–190). Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Mehmedoğlu, A. U. (2011). Tanrıyı Tasavvur Etmek (1. Baskı). İstanbul: Çamlıca Yayınları.
  • Meier, A., & Meier, M. (2004). The Formation of Adolescents’ Image of God: Predictors and Age and Gender Differences. American Journal of Pastoral Counseling, 7(2), 91–111. https://doi.org/10.1300/J062v07n02_07
  • Rizzuto, A. M. (1979). The birth of the living God: A psychoanalytic study. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Rizzuto, A. M. (2009). Why did Freud reject God? A psychoanalytic interpretation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Ross, M.E. (2001). The humanity of Gods: The past and the future of Freud’s psychoanalytic interpretation of religion. Annual of Psychoanalysis, 29, 263-275.
  • Schaap-Jonker, H. (2008). Before the Face of God: An Interdisciplinary Study of the Meaning of the Sermon and the Hearer’s God Image, Kampen, Protestant Theological University, Diss., Transaction Publishers, USA
  • Vergote, A., & Tamayo, A. (1981). The parental figures and the representation of God: A psychological and cross- cultural study. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
  • Vergote, A., Aubert, C., & Houard, J. (1972). Parental Images and Representations of God. Social Compass, 19(3), 431–444.
  • Winnicott, D.W., (2021). Oyun ve Gerçeklik, çev. T. Birkan. İstanbul, Metis Yayınları
  • Yıldız, M. (2013).Çocukların Tanrı İmgesinin Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi. Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(13), 45-63.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Applied and Developmental Psychology (Other)
Journal Section Review Article
Authors

Gizem Dede Çetindağ

Submission Date May 20, 2025
Acceptance Date June 26, 2025
Early Pub Date June 26, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dede Çetindağ, G. (2025). Theoretical examination of the formation of the concept of the God. Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences, 6(2), 131-136. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15802195

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