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TRACES OF WESTERN ANATOLIAN BRONZE AND IRON AGES ON THE LATE ARCHAIC CIRCUIT OF LARISA ACROPOLIS (AEOLIS)

Year 2024, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 1 - 26, 28.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1407031

Abstract

Larisa (Buruncuk) has been inhabited since prehistoric times. It was a significant center in Aeolis early 3rd century BC, at which point it is claimed to have been abandoned. The settlement is valuable for the archaeology of the region, with the cultural remains especially concentrated between the 7th and 4th centuries BC. In the Late Archaic period, the fortification line surrounding the acropolis, with its towers, elaborate polygonal masonry and reinforced bulwarks, gave researchers the impression of a “foreigner” ahead of its time. With the current excavations focusing on the Bronze and Iron Ages of Western Anatolia, the increasing number of settlement and material culture finds reveal new results in the perception of the chronology and socio-cultural structure of the region. The architectural surveys carried out in Larisa between 2010 and 2021 set out with a similar objective. The need to revise the knowledge produced in the 1940s was always put forth. This study primarily analyzed the data on the pre-Late Archaic fortifications at the Acropolis of Larisa. The architectural remains on the site were documented and supported by new findings, and the data were reinterpreted through the current literature. The research discussed the relevance of the Middle-Late Bronze Age chronology proposed by Schefold and emphasized the similarity of the fortifications to the Iron Age practices of the region with their form supported by bastions. It proposed a possible early-period fortification design without neglecting the fact that its accuracy can always be supported by excavations. With its location on the Hermos River, which connects the coastline to the powerful Central Anatolian cultural regions of the Bronze and Iron Ages, Larisa has always maintained its political and cultural significance, allowing different cultural backgrounds to exist, in addition to possible invasions and destruction. The structure of the Late Archaic fortification, which matches the existing knowledge about the Bronze and Iron Ages of Western Anatolia, once again demonstrated that Larisa was not only open to interaction but also very attached to its local/indigenous roots.

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LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER

Year 2024, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 1 - 26, 28.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1407031

Abstract

Larisa (Buruncuk), Prehistorik dönemlerden itibaren yerleşim görmüştür. Terkedildiği öne sürülen MÖ 3. yüzyıl başına kadar Aeolis bölgesinde önemli bir merkez durumundadır. Yerleşim özellikle MÖ 7.- 4. yüzyıl arasında yoğunlaşan kültür kalıntılarıyla bölge arkeolojisi için önem taşımaktadır. Geç Arkaik Çağ’da akropolü çevreleyen sur hattı, kuleleri, özenli çokgen duvar işçiliği ve güçlendirilmiş tahkimat yapısını içeren tasarım anlayışıyla araştırmacılarda çağının ilerisinde, bir “yabancı” izlenimi uyandırmıştır. Batı Anadolu’nun Tunç ve Demir Çağları’na odaklanan güncel kazı çalışmalarıyla sayıları gün geçtikçe artan yerleşim ve materyal kültür buluntuları bölgenin kronolojisi ve sosyo-kültürel yapısının algılanmasında yeni sonuçları da ortaya çıkarmaktadır. 2010-2021 yıllarında Larisa’da gerçekleştirilmiş mimari yüzey araştırmalarında da benzer bir hedefle yola çıkılmıştır. 1940’lı yıllarda üretilmiş bilginin gözden geçirilmesi gerekliliği her zaman akıllarda tutulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Larisa Akropolü’ndeki Geç Arkaik öncesi tahkimata ilişkin veriler ele alınmıştır. Arazideki mimari kalıntılar yeni tespitlerle desteklenerek belgelenmiş, buluntular güncel literatür üzerinden yeniden okunmuştur. Schefold’un önerdiği Orta-Geç Tunç Çağları kronolojisinin geçerliliği tartışılmıştır; burçlarla desteklenen biçimlenişiyle surların bölgenin Demir Çağı uygulamalarına olan yakınlığı vurgulanmıştır. Kesinliği her zaman için kazılarla desteklenebileceği göz ardı edilmeden olası bir erken devir tahkimat tasarım kurgusu önerilmiştir. Kıyı şeridini Tunç ve Demir Çağları’nın güçlü Orta Anadolu kültür bölgelerine bağlayan Hermos Nehri üzerindeki konumuyla Larisa, politik ve kültürel anlamda her daim önemini korumuştur; olası işgal ve yıkımların yanı sıra farklı kültürel birikimlere de var olma imkanı tanımıştır. Batı Anadolu’nun Tunç ve Demir Çağları bilgi birikimiyle örtüşen Geç Arkaik tahkimatın kurgusu ise Larisa’nın etkileşime açık olduğu kadar, yerel köklerine ne kadar bağlı olduğunu bir kez daha göstermiştir.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma İTÜ Lisansüstü Enstitüsü Mimarlık Tarihi doktora programında Prof. Dr. N. Turgut Saner danışmanlığında sürdürmekte olduğum Larisa akropolünün geç arkaik surlarını konu alan doktora çalışmam kapsamında üretilmiştir.

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  • Mater - Saner 2023, Mater, G. - Saner, T., “Quarrying and construction operations in Aeolian Larisa with a reference to “building technology” and “building economy”, ITU A|Z 20 (1), 219-231.
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There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Archaic Period Archeology, Archaeology (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ertunç Denktaş 0000-0002-0720-8926

Publication Date March 28, 2024
Submission Date December 19, 2023
Acceptance Date February 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 2 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Denktaş, E. (2024). LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER. PROPONTICA, 2(3), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1407031
AMA Denktaş E. LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER. PROPONTICA. March 2024;2(3):1-26. doi:10.56170/propontica.1407031
Chicago Denktaş, Ertunç. “LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER”. PROPONTICA 2, no. 3 (March 2024): 1-26. https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1407031.
EndNote Denktaş E (March 1, 2024) LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER. PROPONTICA 2 3 1–26.
IEEE E. Denktaş, “LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER”, PROPONTICA, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1–26, 2024, doi: 10.56170/propontica.1407031.
ISNAD Denktaş, Ertunç. “LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER”. PROPONTICA 2/3 (March 2024), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1407031.
JAMA Denktaş E. LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER. PROPONTICA. 2024;2:1–26.
MLA Denktaş, Ertunç. “LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER”. PROPONTICA, vol. 2, no. 3, 2024, pp. 1-26, doi:10.56170/propontica.1407031.
Vancouver Denktaş E. LARİSA (AEOLİS) AKROPOLÜ’NDEKİ GEÇ ARKAİK SURLARDA BATI ANADOLU’NUN TUNÇ VE DEMİR ÇAĞLARI’NDAN İZLER. PROPONTICA. 2024;2(3):1-26.

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