РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ТРАНЗИТНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА

Abstract

The geographical position of the Kyrgyz republic enables it to be as a bridge between the north and the south of the continent, especially, having connected Turkestan-Siberian Railway and Karakoram Highway. It gives an opportunity for the country to become a transit corridor between the West and the East, the North and the South. There are 4 natural barriers towards latitudinal direction on the Eurasian continent between China and Europe: Altai-Tyanshan-Pamir-Gimalaysky (the main); the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus and the Black Sea. Totally there are 3 latitudinal natural corridors (passageways) in Altai-Tyanshan-Pamir-Gimalaysky barrier: the southern one in city of Khujand (Tajikistan) – Farkhad gates, the middle one – in the area of «DruzhbaAlashankau station» - Dzhungarsky gates and the northern one – along south-eastern coast of Baikal sea in the area of Irkutsk city. Towards the north of mountain barrier – there are Siberia’s severe conditions, to the north – Northern sea way. To the south of barrier there is the South seaway through Strait of Malacca. Transcontinental transport corridors can go along 3 main alternative routes (without indicating initial and final points of China and Europe (from north to south): I. Russia (Trans-Siberian Railway). II. Kazakhstan (Dzungarian Gates) – Uzbekistan – Turkmenistan (Tejen) - Iran – Turkey. III. Kyrgyzstan (Torugart) - Tajikistan (Farkhad gates) – Uzbekistan -Turkmenistan (Tejen) -Iran - Turkey. IV. Kyrgyzstan (Torugart) – Tajikistan (Farkhad gates) – Uzbekistan – Turkmenistan (Turkmenbashi) – Caucasus – Black sea (TRACECA). Аnd through the two combined routes: II-I. Kazakstan (Dzungarian Gates) - Russia II-IV. Kazakstan (Dzungarian Gates) – Uzbekistan – Turkmenistan (Turkmenbashi) – Caucasus – Black sea (TRACECA).