GENETİK YAPININ SPORTİF PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ

Year 2018, , 424 - 437, 30.10.2018

Dinçer Karaca

https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.470847

Abstract

Seçkin
spor kodlarının, gelecekteki sporcuların uzmanlık yeteneklerine göre
tanımlanması ve tanıtılması, bireysel koç değerlendirmelerine ek olarak, nesnel
fiziksel, teknik ve taktiksel özelliklere de büyük ölçüde bağlıdır. Yakın
zamanlarda, birkaç tek nükleotid polimorfizmi (SNP) içeren genetik belirteçler
arttırılarak aerobik kapasite, güç ve atletik kabiliyette genel bir artış ile
ilişkilendirilmiştir.

Bu çalışmada, bir
dizi aday genin atletik performans, tek yetenekli ve çok yönlü spor kodları
üzerindeki etkilerini tartışmak ve motor beceri edinimi ve öğrenmesinin
tanımlanması için ek belirteçler belirtilmiştir. Bazı tutarsızlıklar
sergilendiğinde, hem ACE hem de ACTN3 polimorfizmleri, güç ve dayanıklılık spor
takımlarında daha yaygın görünmekle birlikte fiziksel değerlendirmelerle de
ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Dolayısıyla aday ile yapılan protokoller, genç
yetenekler için hedeflenen kaynakların kullanımını önemli ölçüde artırabilir ve
sonuç olarak etkinleştirilebilir.

Keywords

performans, ACE, ACTN3, genetik, spor, nesil, aktivite, genetik performans, genetik fitness

THE EFFECT OF GENETIC STRUCTURES' ON SPORTS PERFORMANCE

Abstract

In
elite sporting codes, the identification and promotion of future athletes into
specialised talent pathways is heavily reliant upon objective physical,
technical, and tactical characteristics, in addition to subjective coach
assessments. More recently, genetic markers, including several single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have been correlated with enhanced aerobic
capacity, strength, and an overall increase in athletic ability.

In this review, we
discuss the effects of a number of candidate genes on athletic performance,
across single-skilled and multifaceted sporting codes, and propose additional
markers for the identification of motor skill acquisition and learning. While
displaying some inconsistencies, both the ACE and ACTN3 polymorphisms appear to
be more prevalent in strength and endurance sporting teams, and have been found
to correlate to physical assessments. However, in elucidating the role of
genetic markers in athleticism, existing talent identification protocols may
significantly improve and ultimately enabletargeted resourcing in junior talent
pathways.

Keywords

Performance; ACE; ACTN3, Genetics, Sports, Elite, Generation, Activity

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