Sporcularda Bilişsel Kontrol ve Bilişsel Esneklik Becerilerinin Mental İyi Oluş Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Yapılan araştırmalar mental iyi oluş düzeyi yüksek olan bireylerin, psikolojik ve fiziksel sağlıklarının daha iyi ve yaşam kalitelerinin daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Mental iyi oluşla ilişkili olabilecek bileşenlerin ortaya konulması bireylerin mental iyi oluş düzeylerine katkı yapacak faktörlerin belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda yapılan araştırmanın amacı, bilişsel kontrol ve bilişsel esnekliğin mental iyi oluşu yordama düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Atatürk Üniversitesi ve Erzurum Teknik Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültelerinde öğrenim gören ve yaşları 18 ile 37 (X̄= 22,47 ± 2,74) arasında değişen 250 aktif sporcu araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Stresli Durumlarda Bilişsel Kontrol ve Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği” ve “Warwick-Edinburgh Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Bilişsel kontrol ve bilişsel esneklik faktörlerinin mental iyi oluş düzeylerini ne ölçüde yordadığını tespit etmek için çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar mental iyi oluş, bilişsel kontrol ve bilişsel esneklik arasında pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğunu ve bilişsel kontrol ile bilişsel esnekliğin mental iyi oluş düzeyinin %40,4’ünü yordadığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak sporcuların sahip oldukları bilişsel kontrol ve bilişsel esneklik kapasitelerinin mental iyi oluş düzeyleri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve bu bilişsel özelliklerin geliştirilmesine yönelik müdahalelerin mental iyi oluş düzeylerine olumlu katkı yapacağı söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Müsabaka performansı
• dopamin
• psikolojik beceri
• stres

Investigation of the Effect of Cognitive Control and Cognitive Flexibility Skills on Mental Well-Being in Athletes

Abstract

Studies show that individuals with high mental well-being have better psychological and physical health and higher quality of life. It is thought that revealing the components that may be related to mental well-being will play an essential role in determining the factors that will contribute to the mental well-being of individuals. In this context, the study examines the predictive levels of cognitive control and cognitive flexibility of mental well-being. Two hundred fifty active athletes aged 18 and 37 (X̄= 22.47 ± 2.74) studying at Atatürk University and Erzurum Technical University Sports Sciences Faculties were included. “Cognitive Control and Cognitive Flexibility Scale in Stressful Situations” and “Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale” were used as data collection tools in the study. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine to what extent cognitive control and cognitive flexibility factors predicted mental well-being. The results showed a positive relationship between mental wellbeing, cognitive control, and cognitive flexibility and that cognitive control and cognitive flexibility predict 40.4% of mental well-being. As a result, athletes’ cognitive control and cognitive flexibility capacities have a significant effect on their mental well-being and that interventions to improve these cognitive characteristics will contribute positively to their mental well-being.

Keywords

• Competition performance
• dopamine
• psychological skills
• stress

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