Prizren Mutasarrıfı Mahmud Paşa’nın Vakıfları

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 5, 90 - 100, 14.04.2020

Fahri Avdija

Öz

Mahmud Paşa, XIX. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Prizren mutasarrıf görevinde bulunmuş ve Osmanlı Devleti’nin en önemli devlet adamlarından biriydi. Babası olan Tahir Paşa da Osmanlı Devleti’nde önemli görevlerde bulunduğu görülmektedir. Bir mümin olarak, Mahmud Paşa birçok vakıf eserleri bırakmıştır. Onun geride bıraktığı önemli eserlerinden biri Prizren şehrindeki külliyesidir. Bu külliye cami, medrese, mekteb ve dershaneden oluşmaktaydı. Ayrıca üç saat-kulesi de inşaa ettiği bir gerçektir. Söz konusu vakıfların masrafları sağlanmak için, bir kaç dükkân ve belirli miktarlarda nakit para da bırakmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vakıf, Mahmud Paşa, Prizren, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Cami, Medrese, Mekteb

Vakëfet e Mutasarrëfit të Prizrenit Mahmud Pashës

Öz

Mahmud Pasha shërbeu si mutasarrëf i Prizrenit në gjysmën e parë të shekullit XIX dhe ishte një nga shtetarët më të rëndësishëm të Perandorisë Osmane. Ishte i biri i Tahir Pashës, i cili gjithashtu ka mbajtur pozita të rëndësishme ne Perandorinë Osmane. Si një besimtar mysliman, Mahmud Pasha kishte lënë shumë vakëfe, madje ai kishte ndërtuar një kompleks të tërë në qytetin e Prizrenit. Ky kompleks përbëhej nga një xhami, medrese, mejtep dhe dershane. Ai gjithashtu kishte ndërtuar edhe tri kulla sahati. Ndërsa për të mbuluar shpenzimet e vakëfeve të lartëcekura, ai kishte lënë si vakëf disa dyqane dhe një shumë të caktuar parash të gatshme.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mahmud Pasha, Vakëf, Prizren, Perandoria Osmane, Xhami, Medrese, Mejtep

Foundations of Governor of Prizren Mahmud Pasha

Öz

It is historically known that the Waqf institution played an extraordinary role in providing the essential services to Muslim societies. In every period of Islamic history, the Waqf has been a place and a centre of activity ensuring the integration of a society. In addition to providing health care, basic infrastructures, employment opportunities, business activities, food for the hungry, housing for the poor and needy, the waqf also supported the education and religious sectors. The establishment of Waqf in Kosovo dates back to the arrival of the Ottomans. After the Islamization of the Albanians of Kosovo, or in other words, together with their Islamization, the number of Waqfs increased, for the total number of which we have nothing concrete to date. According to a study by the Institute of History of Turkey, today there are 224 Ottoman architectural works in Kosovo, including 124 buildings where worship and other religious rites are performed, 41 buildings for education, 5 for trade, 38 social, 20 military, 12 civil and 6 public buildings. Whereas, the first established Waqf in Kosovo is the Bazaar Mosque in Pristina, in documents also known as the Little Fatih Mosque, whose foundations were laid at the time of Sultan Bayazit I, and completed at the time of Sultan Mehmed Fatih II.
Among those who left great things that can even be compared to the works of the Sultans was Mahmud Pasha bin Tahir Pasha (Mahmud Pasha son of Tahir Pasha) whose waqfs we will talk about below. Mahmud Pasha comes from one of the most popular families in Albanian history, a family which for several decades led the Sandjak of Prizren. He was one of the most important statesmen who served as a Mutasarrif of Prizren during the first half of the 19th century. As a Muslim believer, Mahmud Pasha left many Waqfs, and he even built an entire complex in the city of Prizren. This complex consists of a mosque, madrasa, maktab and dershane. To provide money for the expenses and to pay those who would work in his Waqfs, he left as Waqfs five mills, a bakery, a butcher shop, two farrier shops, a barber shop and he also left a certain amount of cash. According to researchers Ismail Eren and Hasan Kaleshi, Mahmud Pasha had also built three watchtowers: one in Prizren, one in the village of Mamusha near Prizren and one in Rahovec.
In addition to leaving Waqf, he is also known for his wars side with Sultan. As is well known, Mahmud Pasha and all other Albanian leaders sometimes were obliged to take part in various wars in which the Ottoman Empire faced other states. However, Mahmud Pasha willingly participated in the Ottoman-Russian war of 1829, and until returning from the expedition, he entrusted the leadership to his brother, Emin Pasha.
The period of Mahmud Pasha’s rule coincides with the period when the Ottoman Empire was making reforms in the Balkans. It was the year 1836, when the Ottomans were confronting Mustafa Pasha Bushatli from Shkodra, Mahmud Pasha came to his aid, which led to the disruption of relations with the High Gate. That same year, at the behest of the Sultan, Mahmud Pasha was dismissed from the position of Mutasarrif and sent to Anatolia, where he was executed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mahmud Pasha, Waqf, Prizren, Maktabe, Ottoman Empire, Mosque, Madrase

Kaynakça

• Bibliografia / Kaynakça / References
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