Antroposen’de zamansallık: Jeanette Winterson’un Taş Tanrıları’nı yeniden değerlendirmek

Öz

Antroposen terimi 2000 yılında Paul Crutzen tarafından icat edilmesi ardından geçen yirmi yılda, Antroposen kavramı birçok çağdaş yazarın dikkatini çekmiştir. Tamamen kavranması zor ve yalnızca iklim değişikliği ve diğer çevresel felaketler gibi kanıtlarla kendini gösteren bir olgudur. Bu perspektif içinde, Antroposen, belirli bir zaman içinde temsile direnecek kadar geniş bir aralıkta olduğu için, zamansallık kavramına zorluklar sunar. Buna göre, Antroposen’i ve onun insan ve insan olmayan dünyalar üzerindeki yıkıcı etkilerini edebi metinler aracılığıyla anlatmak için, Antroposen yazarlarının böylesine büyük ölçekli bir konunun hayal gücünü mümkün kılacak yeni anlatı tekniklerini kullanmaları gerekir. Taş Tanrılar ‘da Winterson, bir gezegensel felaketin öyküsünü geçmişten bugüne ve kesinlikle geleceği farklı zaman dilimlerini etkileyen bir süreklilik biçimi olarak tasvir etmek için zamanın doğrusal olmayan yapısını kullanır. Farklı zamanlarda ve yerlerde ekolojik çöküşler hayal etmesine izin veren alternatif dünyalar yaratmak için zaman kavramını ustaca yeniden inşa ediyor. Taş Tanrılar ‘da, iç içe geçmiş üç bölümüyle Antroposen hikayesini, insanoğlunun Dünya üzerindeki yıkıcı faaliyetlerinin aynı kaynağıyla tarih boyunca meydana gelen sürekli bir bozulma dizisi olarak anlatıyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim değişikliği
• Antroposen
• zamansallık
• Jeanette Winterson
• Taş Tanrılar

Temporality in the Anthropocene: Revisiting Jeanette Winterson’s The Stone Gods

Abstract

Over the past two decades, since the term Anthropocene was coined by Paul Crutzen in 2000, the concept of the Anthropocene has attracted the attention of many contemporary authors. It is a phenomenon that is hard to totally grasp and only distinguishes itself through evidence such as climate change and other environmental disasters. The Anthropocene challenges the concept of temporality because as it is so enormous in range it resists representation within a specific time. In order to narrate the Anthropocene and its devastating impacts on human and nonhuman worlds through literary texts, the Anthropocene authors need to deploy new narrative techniques that make possible the image of such vast scale issues. In The Stone Gods, Winterson utilizes nonlinear structures of time to portray the story of a planetary catastrophe as a form of a continuum that influences different time periods from past to present and definitely the future. She skilfully reconstructs the concept of time to create alternative worlds that allow her to imagine ecological collapse in different times and locations. With its three interrelated sections, The Stone Gods narrates the story of the Anthropocene as a continuous thread of degradation which occur throughout history in parallel with the destructive activities of humanity on Earth.

Keywords

• Climate change
• the Anthropocene
• temporality
• Jeanette Winterson
• The Stone Gods

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