Benliğin alacakaranlığı: tekinsiz

Year 2020, Issue: Ö8, 786 - 794, 21.11.2020

Nihan Saral

https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.822020

Abstract

Sigmund Freud, benlik konusunu ele alarak benliği akıl ile her zaman ilişkilendiren batı felsefesine katkıda bulundu. 1880'lerde, Freud geleneksel benlik anlayışına meydan okurken, kendinden yoksun bir benliğin var olduğu fikrine yakındı. Bir psikanalist olarak Freud, insanı gözlemleyerek ve deşifre etmeye çalışarak benliğin varlığına yaklaştı. Başlangıç noktası tekinsiz kelimesiydi, bu yüzden Freud'un görüşleri dikkate alındığında varlığı ve yokluğu eşit olan benliği sorgulamaya başlamak için sadece bir kelime kullandı. Freud, sorunun anlamını arayarak sorusunu çözmeye başladı. Başlangıçtaki düğüm noktası, daha sonra Almanca’da ‘unheimlich’ anlamına geldiğini anladığı ‘heimlich’ kelimesiydi. Sonuç olarak, bu esrarengiz terimi oluşturan iki farklı kelimeyi birleştirdi. Bu noktada, bu araştırma, Freud'un- işlevsellik ve amaç açısından- tekinsizliğin benlik çokluğuna, aklın ve zihnin çürümesine, imgelerin ve anlamların doğruluğu üzerindeki etkilerine ve ‘benliğin’ ‘ötekilik’ anlamına geldiği sonucuna nasıl varacağını yansıtıyor. Bilinç ve bilinçdışının birliği göz önünde bulundurulurken, modern çağımızda edebiyat ve görsel sanatlar gibi farklı çalışma alanlarında hâlâ yaygın olarak kullanılan bir terim olmasından dolayı, tekinsizin interdisipliner bir terim olup olmadığına odaklanılıyor. Bu araştırma, esrarengiz olanın ne olduğunu ve bu psikanalitik terimin edebiyatta ve diğer alanlarda nasıl kullanılabileceğini ve gelecekteki olası izdüşümleri göstermeye çalışmak için üç bölümden oluşmaktadır.

Keywords

Freud, telkinsiz, nterdisipliner terimler, karşılaştırmalı edebiyat, tekinsiz vadi

Twilight of the self: the uncanny

Abstract

Sigmund Freud dealt with the subject of self, thus he contributed to the western philosophy which had always associated self with logos. During the 1880s, Freud was close to the idea that a self lacking itself existed while he was challenging the traditional understanding of the self with the cogito. Freud, as a psychoanalyst, approached the presence of the self by observing and trying to decode the human. His starting point was the word, uncanny so he handled just a word to start questioning the self whose presence and absence are equal when Freud’s views are taken into consideration. Freud began to resolve his question by searching the word’s meaning. His initial crux was the German word ‘heimlich’ which he, then, found out to mean ‘unheimlich’. Consequently, he united the two different words forming the term uncanny. At this juncture, this research reflects on how Freud concludes - in terms of functioning and purpose - that ‘self’ means ‘otherness’ bearing in mind the effects of the uncanny on the multiplicity of the self, the decay of logos and mind, the truthfulness of images and meanings, and the unity of the conscious and the unconscious as well as focusing on whether the uncanny is an interdisciplinary term or not, as it is still a widely used term in our modern era in different fields of studies such as literature and visual arts. The research consists of three parts to try to show what the uncanny is and how this psychoanalytical term could be used in literature and other fields and the possible projections in the future.

Keywords

Freud, uncanny, interdisciplinary terms, comparative literature, uncanny valley

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