Metabolik Sendromda Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisi

Abstract

Günümüzde sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir endokrin bozukluk olan metabolik sendrom (MetS), bozulmuş insülin direnci, adipoz dokuda artış (abdominal obezite, dislipidemi), hipertansiyon, koroner arter hastalığı, artmış sistematik inflamasyon gibi sistemik bozukluklarının tümünü birlikte kapsayan bir tablodur. Görülme sıklığı, dünyada ve ülkemizde giderek artan bu önemli halk sağlığı sorununda, tanı alan bireylerde sağlıklı beslenme ve yaşam biçimi ile pozitif yönde iyileşmeler sağlanabilmektedir. Genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin etkisiyle ortaya çıkan bir hastalık tablosu olan metabolik sendromda öncelikli tedavi, yaşam biçiminin sağlığı geliştirici şekilde düzenlenmesi olmalıdır. Sağlıklı beslenme önerileri arasında özellikle doymuş yağ alımının azaltılması, doymamış yağ alımının arttırılmasının yanı sıra kompleks karbonhidrattan zengin beslenmek, posa alımını arttırmak, bitkisel sterol ve/veya stanollere beslenmede yer vermek, tuz tüketimini sınırlandırmak gibi Akdeniz beslenme modeline uygun öneriler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca diyetin glisemik indeks ve yükü, metabolik sendromun beslenme tedavisinde dikkate alınması gereken özelliklerdir. Düşük dansiteli lipoprotein düzeyi yüksekliğini düşürmeye yardımcı beslenme önerileri de mutlaka göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

Keywords

• Beslenme
• kolesterol
• metabolik sendrom
• obezite

Medical Nutrition Theraphy in Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), an endocrine disorder that is frequently encountered today, is a condition that includes all of the systemic disorders such as impaired insulin resistance, increase in adipose tissue (abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia), hypertension, coronary artery disease, and increased systematic inflammation. In this important public health problem, the incidence of which is increasing in the world and in our country, positive improvements can be achieved in individuals diagnosed with a healthy diet and lifestyle. In metabolic syndrome, which is a disease picture that occurs with the effect of genetic and environmental factors, the primary treatment should be regulation of lifestyle in a health-promoting way. Among the recommendations for healthy eating, especially the recommendations in accordance with the Mediterranean nutrition model, such as reducing saturated fat intake, increasing unsaturated fat intake, as well as nutrition rich in complex carbohydrates, increasing fiber intake, including plant sterols and / or stanols in nutrition, and limiting salt consumption, come into prominence. In addition, glycemic index and load are features that should be considered in the nutritional treatment of metabolic syndrome. Nutritional recommendations that help to lower higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels should also be considered.

Keywords

• Cholesterol
• diet
• metabolic syndrome
• obesity

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