Hepatit B Virüsü Enfekte Bireylerin COVID-19 Pandemisinde Hastalık Takiplerinin ve COVID-19 Aşılanma Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, pandemi sırasında hepatit B virüsü (HBV) ile enfekte hastaların takip, tedavisi, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirme durumları ve bu hastaların COVID-19 aşısı olup olmadığı araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya üç katılımcı merkezin Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji polikliniklerine başvuran HBV ile enfekte hastalar dahil edildi. Araştırmada araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan, “Katılımcı Bilgi Formu” ve “COVID-19 pandemisinde HBV takip ve tedavi durumu ile COVID-19 aşılanma durumlarını değerlendiren form” kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 445’i (%69,2) kadın, yaş ortalaması 46,4±10,8 yıl olan 643 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların pandemi döneminde kontrole gitme sıklığı ortalaması 8,88±4,71 ay idi. 378’i (%58,8) pandemi döneminde laboratuvar kontrollerini, 131’i (%20,4) görüntüleme kontrollerini yaptırabilmişti. Hastaların 316’sı (%49,1) pandemi döneminde takipli olduğu doktora/hastaneye ulaşabildiğini belirtmişti. Katılımcıların 77’si (%11,97) COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirmiş ve 23’ü (%3,57) hastanede yatarak tedavi görmüştü. 543’ü (%84,44) COVID-19 aşısı olmuştu. Pandemi döneminde HBV hastalarının hastaneye kontrole gitme sıklığının sosyodemografik özelliklere göre karşılaştırılması için yapılan analizlere göre cinsiyet, meslek ve ikamet yerine göre gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi. Eğitim durumuna (üniversite ve/veya üzeri olanlar) ve aylık gelire göre (3500 üzeri olanlar) gruplar arasında istatistiksel anlamlı farklılık saptandı. Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde HBV enfekte kişilerin hastaneye başvuruları azalmış, bunun sonucunda hastalara ait rutin laboratuvar ve radyolojik tetkiklerinin aksadığı saptanmıştır.

Keywords

• COVID 19
• hepatit B
• pandemi
• takip

Evaluation of Disease Follow-up and COVID-19 Vaccination Status of Hepatitis B Virus Infected Individuals in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Aim: In this study, the follow-up and treatment of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) during the pandemic, their cases of COVID-19 infection and whether these patients were vaccinated for COVID-19 were investigated. Material and Methods: All HBV-infected patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology outpatient clinics of three participating centers were included in this study. In the study, the "Participant Information Form" and "the form evaluating the HBV follow-up and treatment status and COVID-19 vaccination status in the COVID-19 pandemic" created by the researchers were used. Results: The study included 643 patients, 445 (69.2%) of whom were female, with a mean age of 46.4±10.8 years. The mean frequency of follow-up visits during the pandemic period was 8.88±4.71 months. 378 (58.8%) had laboratory controls and 131 (20.4%) had imaging controls during the pandemic period. 316 (49.1%) of the patients stated that they could reach the doctor/hospital where they were followed up during the pandemic period. 77 (11.97%) of the participants had COVID-19 infection and 23 (3.57%) were hospitalized. 543 (84.44%) had received the COVID-19 vaccine. According to the analyses performed for the comparison of the frequency of HBV patients going to the hospital for control visits during the pandemic period according to sociodemographic characteristics, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups according to gender, occupation, and place of residence. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups according to educational status (university and/or above) and monthly income (above 3500). Conclusion: During the pandemic period, hospital admissions of HBV-infected persons decreased, as a result of this, routine laboratory and radiological examinations of patients were found to be disrupted.

Keywords

• COVID 19
• hepatit B
• pandemi
• takip

References

1. Atzrodt CL, Maknojia I, McCarthy RDP, Oldfield TM, Po J, Ta KTL, et al. A Guide to COVID-19: a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. FEBS J. 2020; 287(17): 3633-50.
2. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı COVID-19 Bilgilendirme Platformu. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66532/saglik-kurumlarinda-calisma-rehberi-ve-enfeksiyon-kontrol-onlemleri.html. Erişim tarihi: 1 Aralık 2021.
3. Yavuz E. Pandemi sırasında kronik hastalık takibi. In: Set T, ed. Aile Hekimliği ve COVID-19 Pandemisi. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020: 56-63.
4. Eşkut N, Ataç C, Köskderelioğlu A, Ünsal Y. Evaluation of corona virus disease-19 related fear and anxiety in patients admitted to neurology outpatient clinic. Osmangazi Tıp Derg. 2021;43(6):582-91. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.948805
5. Wang Y, Wang YC, Song SH, Zhang HX, Wang L, Ma XQ, et al. Follow-up management strategy for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis during novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020; 24(21): 1402-8. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202011_23633.
6. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL 2017 Clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatology. 2017; 67(2): 370-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.021.
7. Terrault NA, Lok ASF, McMahon BJ, Chang KM, Hwang JP, Jonas MM, et al. Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis b: AASLD 2018 hepatitis b guidance. Hepatology. 2018; 67(4): 1560-99. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/hep.29800.
8. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı COVID-19 Aşısı Bilgilendirme Platformu https://covid19asi.saglik.gov.tr/. Erişim tarihi: 1 Aralık 2021.

9. Lemeshow S, Hosmer Jr DW, Klar J, Lwanga SK, Çeviren Kayaalp SO. Sağlık Araştırmalarında Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Yeterliliği. Ankara: Hacettepe Taş; 2000.
10. Tekin S, Sümer Ş, Demirtürk N, Aygen B. Chronic hepatitis C in the pandemic. Klimik Derg. 2021; 34(1): 13-7. https://doi.org/10.36519/kd.2021.03
11. Sharma P, Kumar A, Anikhindi S, Bansal N, Singla V, Shivam K, et al. Effect of COVID-19 on pre-existing liver disease: What hepatologist should know? J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2021; 11(4): 484-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2020.12.006.
12. Tapper EB, Asrani SK. The COVID-19 pandemic will have a long-lasting impact on the quality of cirrhosis care. J Hepatol. 2020; 73(2): 441-5. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.005.
13. Dindar Demiray EK, Alkan Çeviker S, Yılmaz M, Alıravcı ID. General evaluation of the COVID 19 pandemic from an infectious diseases perspective. D J Med Sci. 2021; 7(1): 82-90.
14. Roberton T, Carter ED, Chou VB, Stegmuller AR, Jackson BD, Tam Y, et al. Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8(7):e901-e908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30229-1.
15. İskender G. Covid-19 pandemisinin kronik viral hepatit hizmetleri üzerindeki etkisi. Kesit Akademi Derg. 2020; 6(25): 685-93.
16. WHO. COVID-19 significantly impact shealth services for noncommunicable disease. 1 June 2020 News release. https://www.who.int/news/item/01-06-2020-covid-19-significantly-impacts-health-services-for-noncommunicable-diseases. Erişim tarihi: 1 Aralık 2021.
17. Karimi-Sari H, Rezaee-Zavareh MS. COVID-19 and viral hepatitis elimination programs: Are we stepping backward? Liver Int. 2020; 40(8): 2042. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14486.
18. Rezasoltani S, Hatami B, Yadegar A, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Zali MR. How patients with chronic liver diseases succeed to deal with COVID-19? Front Med (Lausanne). 2020; 7: 398. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00398.
19. Boettler T, Newsome PN, Mondelli MU, Maticic M, Cordero E, Cornberg M, et al. Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper. JHEP Rep. 2020; 2(3): 100113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100113.
20. Aghemo A, Masarone M, Montagnese S, Petta S, Ponziani FR, Russo FP, et al. Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on the management of patients with liver diseases: A national survey by the Italian association for the study of the Liver. Dig Liver Dis. 2020; 52(9): 937-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.07.008
21. Lemoine M, Kim JU, Ndow G, Bah S, Forrest K, Rwegasha J, et al. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on viral hepatitis services in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 5(11): 966-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30305-8.
22. Chen LP, Zeng QH, Gong YF, Liang FL. Should people with chronic liver diseases be vaccinated against COVID-19? World J Clin Cases. 2021; 9(26): 7959-62. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i26.7959.
23. Akgul F, Arslan Y, Celik M, Karasahin O, Celen M K. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical and laboratory follow-up of patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B: A multicenter, prospective, observational study. Hepat Mon. 2022; 22(1): e132174. https://doi.org/10.5812/hepatmon-132174.
24. Kahyaoglu Sut H, Kucukkaya B. Anxiety, depression, and related factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A web-based cross-sectional study. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2021; 57(2): 860-8.