The Relationship Between Fear of COVID -19, Insomnia and Depression in Pregnant Women during The Pandemic Period (Structural Equation Modeling)

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fear, insomnia and depression in pregnant women. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on a web-based with 439 pregnant women. Data were collected using the “Descriptive Information Form”, “COVID-19 Fear Scale”, “Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Scale” and “Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale” via social media using a random sampling method. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation tests and structural equation model were used to evaluate the data. Results: The pregnant women were found to have a COVID-19 fear score average of 22.00±5.83, and 32.1% risk of depression while 43.3% had insomnia. The COVID-19 fear score was found to have a positive effect on insomnia (β= 0.290; p<0.001) and on depression (β= 0.410; p<0.001). It was determined that the fear of COVID-19 affects the levels of insomnia and depression in pregnant women, and that insomnia also has a significant effect on depression. A one-unit increase in the COVID-19 fear levels of pregnant women led to an increase of 0.273 in the level of insomnia and 0.151 in the levels of depression. In addition, it was seen that 18.3% of the changes in insomnia and 34.5% of the changes in depression were explained by this model. It was seen that the fear of COVID-19 had statistically significant effect on insomnia (effect value = 0.43) and depression (effect value = 0.36). Moreover, it was determined that insomnia had a direct (effect value=0.34) effect on depression. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was determined that the fear of COVID-19 experienced by pregnant women affected pregnancy depression both directly and indirectly through insomnia. As a result, it can be said that insomnia significantly mediates the effect of fear of COVID-19 on depression in pregnant women. Keywords: Depression; fear of COVID-19; insomnia; pandemic; pregnancy.

Keywords

• Depression
• insomnia
• pandemic
• pregnancy
• fear of COVID-19

Pandemi Döneminde Gebelerde COVID-19 Korkusu, Uykusuzluk ve Depresyon Arasindaki İlişki (Yapisal Eşitlik Modellemesi)

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma gebelerde COVID-19 korkusu, uykusuzluk ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte tasarlanan bu çalışma, 439 gebe kadınla web tabanlı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler “Tanıtıcı Bigi Formu”, “COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği”, “Kadın Sağlığı Girişimi Uykusuzluk Ölçeği” ve “Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği” kullanılarak, sosyal medya üzerinden gelişigüzel örnekleme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, pearson korelesyon testi ve yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin COVID-19 korku puanı ortalamasının 22,00±5,83 olduğu, %32,1'inin depresyon, %43,3'ünün ise uykusuzluk riski taşıdığı belirlendi. COVID-19 korkusu ile uykusuzluk (β= 0,290; p<0,001) ve depresyon (β= 0,410; p<0,001) arasında pozitif yönde ilişki vardı. COVID-19 korkusunun gebelerde uykusuzluk ve depresyon düzeylerini etkilediği, uykusuzluğun depresyon üzerinde de önemli etkisi olduğu belirlendi. Gebelerin COVID-19 korku düzeyindeki bir birimlik artış, uykusuzluk düzeyinde 0,273, depresyon düzeyinde ise 0,151 oranında artışa neden oldu. Ayrıca uykusuzluktaki değişikliklerin %18,3'ünün, depresyondaki değişikliklerin ise %34,5'inin bu modelle açıklandığı görüldü. COVID-19 korkusunun uykusuzluk (etki değeri = 0,43) ve depresyon (etki değeri = 0,36) üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca uykusuzluğun depresyona doğrudan (etki değeri=0,34) etkisinin olduğu belirlendi.

Keywords

• Depresyon
• gebelik
• pandemi
• uykusuzluk
• COVID-19 korkusu

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