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Ratlarda Metenolon Enantat ve Tarantula Cubensis Alkolik Ekstraktı Uygulamalarının Bazı Serum Biyokimyasal Parametrelere Etkileri

Year 2026, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 116 - 120, 23.01.2026

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, koyu kahverengi tüylü bir örümcek olan tarantulanın zehrinden elde edilen Tarantula Cubensis alkolik ekstraktı ve anabolik androjenik steroid türevi olan metenolon enantatın ayrı ve birlikte uygulamalarının ratlarda bazı serum biyokimyasal parametrelere etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 24 adet erkek wistar albino rat; Kontrol (K), Tarantula Cubensis Alkolik Ekstraktı (TCAE), Metenolon enantat (ME) ve Tarantula Cubensis Alkolik Ekstraktı + Metenolon enantat (TCAE+ME) olarak 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışmada K grubuna serum fizyolojik 0,2 ml/rat/deri altı, Tarantula Cubensis Alkolik Ekstraktı 0,2 ml/rat/deri altı, Metenolon enantat ise 10 mg/kg dozunda kas içi olarak haftada bir kez 7 hafta boyunca uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Toplam 16 farklı biyokimyasal parametrenin değerlendirildiği çalışmada incelenen parametrelerin ME ve TCAE’nın tek başlarına uygulandığı gruplarda önemli bir değişime yol açmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak etkenlerin birlikte kullanımıyla AST enzim aktivitesinin kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak önemli (p<0,05) düzeyde yükseldiği, kolesterol, kreatinin, fosfat ve potasyum düzeylerinin ise düştüğü (p<0,05) gözlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışmada uygulanan süre ve dozlarda TCAE ve ME’ın tek başlarına özellikle karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyonları ile incelenen parametreler açısından önemli bir zararlı etkiye sahip olmadıkları ancak kombine kullanımda bir kısım değişikliklere yol açabileceği saptanmıştır. ME uygulamalarına TCAE’nın etkilerinin incelendiği sınırlı sayıda araştırma bulunması nedeniyle kısa ve uzun süreli değişik doz uygulamalarının yapıldığı yeni çalışmaların gerekli olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, Selçuk Üniversitesi Deneysel Tıp Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi'nde (SÜDAM), 05.11.2024 tarih ve 2024-74 sayılı etik onayı alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

References

  • 1. Richardson-Boedler C. The brown spider Loxosceles laeta: source of the remedy Tarantula cubensis? Homeopathy. 2002;91(3):166-70. doi:10.1054/homp.2002.0029.
  • 2. Albay MK, Şahinduran Ş, Kale M, Karakurum MÇ, Sezer K. Influence of Tarantula cubensis extract on the treatment of the oral lesions in cattle with bluetongue disease. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2010;16(4):593-6. doi:10.9775/kvfd.2009.1192.
  • 3. Dolapcioglu K, Dogruer G, Ozsoy S, Ergun Y, Ciftci S, Karapinar OS, et al. Theranekron for treatment of endometriosis in a rat model compared with medroxyprogesterone acetate and leuprolide acetate. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;170(1):206-10. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.05.026.
  • 4. Icen H, Sekin S, Simsek A, Kochan A, Tunik S. The efficacy of Tarantula cubensis extract (Theranekron) in treatment of canine oral papillomatosis. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2011;6(7):744-9. doi:10.3923/ajava.2011.744.749.
  • 5. Gültiken N, Vural MR. The effect of Tarantula cubensis extract applied in pre and postoperative period of canine mammary tumours. JIVS. 2007;2:13-23.
  • 6. Yardımcı C, Yardımcı B. Bir kedide indolent ülser olgusu. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2008;55(1):57-60. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000000288.
  • 7. Jain SKA, Patel B, Larsen T, Alexander P, David S. A thrombus in the left anterior descending artery after the use of multiple alternative medicines. Med Pract Rev. 2013;4(2):14-6. doi:10.5897/MPR12.018.
  • 8. Karabacak M, Eraslan G, Kanbur M, Sarıca ZS. Effects of Tarantula cubensis D6 on aflatoxin-induced injury in biochemical parameters in rats. Homeopathy. 2015;104(3):205-10.
  • 9. Gürbulak K, Akcay A, Gümüşsoy KS, Sist B, Steiner S, Abay M, et al. Investigation of the efficacy of Tarantula cubensis extract (Theranekron D6) in the treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2014;38(6):712-8. doi:10.3906/vet-1405-101.
  • 10. Albano GD, Amico F, Cocimano G, Liberto A, Maglietta F, Esposito M, et al. Adverse effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids: a literature review. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(1):97. doi:10.3390/healthcare9010097.
  • 11. Büttner A, Thieme D. Side effects of anabolic androgenic steroids: pathological findings and structure-activity relationships. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2010;(195):459-84. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_19.
  • 12. Yazar E. Kemirgenler. In: Maden M, editor. Egzotik hayvan hastalıkları ve beslenmesi. Konya, Erman ofset; 2010. p. 112-29.
  • 13. Saez NJ, Senff S, Jensen JE, Er SY, Herzig V, Rash LD, et al. Spider-venom peptides as therapeutics. Toxins (Basel). 2010; 2(12): 2851-71. doi:10.3390/toxins2122851.
  • 14. Özlü Ekmekcioğlu G. Çoklu ilaç direncine sahip biyofilm oluşturan nozokomial bakterilere karşı akrep (Scorpionidae) zehirinin etkileri. [Master thesis]. Kastamonu: Kastamonu Üniversitesi; 2019. 64 p.
  • 15. Akdağ A. İnterstisyel sistit rat modelinde intravezikal Tarantula cubensis ekstraktının inflamasyona etkisi. [Medical specialization thesis]. Aydın: Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi; 2020. 91 p.
  • 16. Kasarala G, Tillmann HL. Standard liver tests. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2016;8(1):13-8. doi:10.1002/cld.562.
  • 17. Akter S, Shekhar HU, Akhteruzzaman S. Application of biochemical tests and machine learning techniques to diagnose and evaluate liver disease. Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2021;12(6):154-72. doi:10.4236/abb.2021.126011.
  • 18. Gonul R, Koenhemsi L, Aydın H, Gulyasar T, Yardibi HD, Or E, et al. Effects of Tarantula cubensis extract on electrocardiographic and trace element status in sheep. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Istanbul University. 2015;41(1):79-83. doi:10.16988/iuvfd.2015.25554.
  • 19. Dik B, Er A, Çorum O. Koyunlarda Tarantula cubensis alkolik ekstraktının (Theranekron) serum tiyobarbitürik asit reaktif ürünlerine etkisi. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 2014;30(2):68-71. doi:10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.201425921.
  • 20. Vanli S, Kurtoglu F, Alan BS, Akcakavak G, Ozdemir O. Investigation of the effects of Theranekron and Sorafenib treatments on carcinogenesis, apoptosis and biochemical profile in hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2024; 34(7): 750-60. doi:10.1080/15376516.2024.2332909.
  • 21. Aksit D, Aksit H, Altun E, Celebi C, Celebi M. Investigation of the protective effect of tarantula cubensis extract on the liver and brain of rats exposed to gentamicin. Acta Vet Brno. 2023;92:205-11. doi:10.2754/avb202392020205.
  • 22. El-Halwagy ME, Abd-Alrahman SH, Mahmoud RH, Khalifa FK, Darwish NS, Attia AA, et al. Impact of chronic androgenic steroid exposure on liver toxicity. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2016;9(2):2652-9.
  • 23. Salem NA, Alnahdi HS. The impact of nandrolone decanoate abuse on experimental animal model: hormonal and biochemical assessment. Steroids. 2020;153:108526. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108526.
  • 24. de Lima DG, da Silva CF, Freitas AG, da Silva OLP, de Souza FMA, Bortolini MJS, et al. The effects of testosterone therapy combined with swimming exercise on adipose tissue and biochemical parameters in male obese wistar rats. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2021;17(3):304-12. doi:10.4183/aeb.2021.304.
  • 25. de Paiva Foletto M, Ferrari F, Barnabé Peres S, de Moraes SMF, Mara Segatelli T, Mareze-da-Costa CE. Effects of anabolic steroid treatment associated with physical training in adipose tissue of male Wistar rats. Acta Sci Health Sci. 2015;37(1):19-24. doi:10.4025/actascihealthsci.v37i1.18614.
  • 26. Holt TL, Ward LC, Thomas BJ, Davey JF, Shepherd RW. The effect of an anabolic steroid, methenolone enanthate, on growth, body composition and skeletal muscle protein synthesis in the growing rat. Nutr Res. 1990;10(5):535-45. doi:10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80063-6.

Effects of Methenolone Enanthate and Tarantula Cubensis Alcoholic Extract on Some Serum Biochemical Parameters in Rats

Year 2026, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 116 - 120, 23.01.2026

Abstract

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the effects of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract obtained from the venom of tarantula, a dark brown hairy spider, and methenolone enanthate, an anabolic androgenic steroid derivative, on some serum biochemical parameters in rats.
Material and Methods: In the study, 24 male wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups as Control (K), Tarantula Cubensis Alcoholic Extract (TCAE), Methenolone enanthate (ME) and Tarantula Cubensis Alcoholic Extract + Methenolone enanthate (TCAE+ME). In the study, saline 0.2 ml/rat/subcutaneous, Tarantula Cubensis Alcoholic Extract 0.2 ml/rat/subcutaneous and Methenolone enanthate 10 mg/kg were administered intramuscularly to the K group once a week for 7 weeks.
Results: A total of 16 different biochemical parameters were evaluated and it was determined that the parameters examined in the study did not cause a significant change in the groups in which ME and TCAE were applied alone. However, it was observed that AST enzyme activity increased statistically significantly (p<0.05) and cholesterol, creatinine, phosphate and potassium levels decreased (p<0.05) when the agents were used together compared to the control group.
Conclusion: It was determined that TCAE and ME alone at the time and doses applied in the study did not have a significant harmful effect, especially in terms of liver and kidney functions and the parameters examined, but combined use may lead to some changes. Due to the limited number of studies investigating the effects of TCAE on ME applications, it was concluded that new studies with short and long term different dose applications are necessary.

References

  • 1. Richardson-Boedler C. The brown spider Loxosceles laeta: source of the remedy Tarantula cubensis? Homeopathy. 2002;91(3):166-70. doi:10.1054/homp.2002.0029.
  • 2. Albay MK, Şahinduran Ş, Kale M, Karakurum MÇ, Sezer K. Influence of Tarantula cubensis extract on the treatment of the oral lesions in cattle with bluetongue disease. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2010;16(4):593-6. doi:10.9775/kvfd.2009.1192.
  • 3. Dolapcioglu K, Dogruer G, Ozsoy S, Ergun Y, Ciftci S, Karapinar OS, et al. Theranekron for treatment of endometriosis in a rat model compared with medroxyprogesterone acetate and leuprolide acetate. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;170(1):206-10. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.05.026.
  • 4. Icen H, Sekin S, Simsek A, Kochan A, Tunik S. The efficacy of Tarantula cubensis extract (Theranekron) in treatment of canine oral papillomatosis. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2011;6(7):744-9. doi:10.3923/ajava.2011.744.749.
  • 5. Gültiken N, Vural MR. The effect of Tarantula cubensis extract applied in pre and postoperative period of canine mammary tumours. JIVS. 2007;2:13-23.
  • 6. Yardımcı C, Yardımcı B. Bir kedide indolent ülser olgusu. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2008;55(1):57-60. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000000288.
  • 7. Jain SKA, Patel B, Larsen T, Alexander P, David S. A thrombus in the left anterior descending artery after the use of multiple alternative medicines. Med Pract Rev. 2013;4(2):14-6. doi:10.5897/MPR12.018.
  • 8. Karabacak M, Eraslan G, Kanbur M, Sarıca ZS. Effects of Tarantula cubensis D6 on aflatoxin-induced injury in biochemical parameters in rats. Homeopathy. 2015;104(3):205-10.
  • 9. Gürbulak K, Akcay A, Gümüşsoy KS, Sist B, Steiner S, Abay M, et al. Investigation of the efficacy of Tarantula cubensis extract (Theranekron D6) in the treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2014;38(6):712-8. doi:10.3906/vet-1405-101.
  • 10. Albano GD, Amico F, Cocimano G, Liberto A, Maglietta F, Esposito M, et al. Adverse effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids: a literature review. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(1):97. doi:10.3390/healthcare9010097.
  • 11. Büttner A, Thieme D. Side effects of anabolic androgenic steroids: pathological findings and structure-activity relationships. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2010;(195):459-84. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_19.
  • 12. Yazar E. Kemirgenler. In: Maden M, editor. Egzotik hayvan hastalıkları ve beslenmesi. Konya, Erman ofset; 2010. p. 112-29.
  • 13. Saez NJ, Senff S, Jensen JE, Er SY, Herzig V, Rash LD, et al. Spider-venom peptides as therapeutics. Toxins (Basel). 2010; 2(12): 2851-71. doi:10.3390/toxins2122851.
  • 14. Özlü Ekmekcioğlu G. Çoklu ilaç direncine sahip biyofilm oluşturan nozokomial bakterilere karşı akrep (Scorpionidae) zehirinin etkileri. [Master thesis]. Kastamonu: Kastamonu Üniversitesi; 2019. 64 p.
  • 15. Akdağ A. İnterstisyel sistit rat modelinde intravezikal Tarantula cubensis ekstraktının inflamasyona etkisi. [Medical specialization thesis]. Aydın: Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi; 2020. 91 p.
  • 16. Kasarala G, Tillmann HL. Standard liver tests. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2016;8(1):13-8. doi:10.1002/cld.562.
  • 17. Akter S, Shekhar HU, Akhteruzzaman S. Application of biochemical tests and machine learning techniques to diagnose and evaluate liver disease. Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2021;12(6):154-72. doi:10.4236/abb.2021.126011.
  • 18. Gonul R, Koenhemsi L, Aydın H, Gulyasar T, Yardibi HD, Or E, et al. Effects of Tarantula cubensis extract on electrocardiographic and trace element status in sheep. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Istanbul University. 2015;41(1):79-83. doi:10.16988/iuvfd.2015.25554.
  • 19. Dik B, Er A, Çorum O. Koyunlarda Tarantula cubensis alkolik ekstraktının (Theranekron) serum tiyobarbitürik asit reaktif ürünlerine etkisi. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 2014;30(2):68-71. doi:10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.201425921.
  • 20. Vanli S, Kurtoglu F, Alan BS, Akcakavak G, Ozdemir O. Investigation of the effects of Theranekron and Sorafenib treatments on carcinogenesis, apoptosis and biochemical profile in hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2024; 34(7): 750-60. doi:10.1080/15376516.2024.2332909.
  • 21. Aksit D, Aksit H, Altun E, Celebi C, Celebi M. Investigation of the protective effect of tarantula cubensis extract on the liver and brain of rats exposed to gentamicin. Acta Vet Brno. 2023;92:205-11. doi:10.2754/avb202392020205.
  • 22. El-Halwagy ME, Abd-Alrahman SH, Mahmoud RH, Khalifa FK, Darwish NS, Attia AA, et al. Impact of chronic androgenic steroid exposure on liver toxicity. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2016;9(2):2652-9.
  • 23. Salem NA, Alnahdi HS. The impact of nandrolone decanoate abuse on experimental animal model: hormonal and biochemical assessment. Steroids. 2020;153:108526. doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108526.
  • 24. de Lima DG, da Silva CF, Freitas AG, da Silva OLP, de Souza FMA, Bortolini MJS, et al. The effects of testosterone therapy combined with swimming exercise on adipose tissue and biochemical parameters in male obese wistar rats. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2021;17(3):304-12. doi:10.4183/aeb.2021.304.
  • 25. de Paiva Foletto M, Ferrari F, Barnabé Peres S, de Moraes SMF, Mara Segatelli T, Mareze-da-Costa CE. Effects of anabolic steroid treatment associated with physical training in adipose tissue of male Wistar rats. Acta Sci Health Sci. 2015;37(1):19-24. doi:10.4025/actascihealthsci.v37i1.18614.
  • 26. Holt TL, Ward LC, Thomas BJ, Davey JF, Shepherd RW. The effect of an anabolic steroid, methenolone enanthate, on growth, body composition and skeletal muscle protein synthesis in the growing rat. Nutr Res. 1990;10(5):535-45. doi:10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80063-6.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Avni Camgöz 0000-0003-4284-1476

Beyza Suvarıklı Alan 0000-0003-4698-9291

Kamil Beşoluk 0000-0001-6968-6272

Seyfullah Haliloğlu 0000-0001-8269-9668

Submission Date February 12, 2025
Acceptance Date September 29, 2025
Publication Date January 23, 2026
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Camgöz A, Suvarıklı Alan B, Beşoluk K, Haliloğlu S. Ratlarda Metenolon Enantat ve Tarantula Cubensis Alkolik Ekstraktı Uygulamalarının Bazı Serum Biyokimyasal Parametrelere Etkileri. VHS. 2026;16(1):116-20.