Acil Abdominal Cerrahi Sonrası Mortalite ve Komplikasyon Oranları: Geriatrik Yaş Gruplarında Retrospektif Bir Analiz

Year 2026, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 153 - 158, 23.01.2026

Mehmet Fuat Çetin , Erman Yekenkurul , Fatih Gürsoy , Mehmet Emin Gönüllü

Abstract

Giderek artan yaşlı nüfus, acil abdominal cerrahi sonrasında yüksek morbidite ve mortalite riskiyle karşı karşıyadır. Yaş sıklıkla bir risk faktörü olarak kabul edilse de, olumsuz sonuçların esasen kronolojik yaştan mı yoksa eşlik eden perioperatif değişkenlerden mi kaynaklandığı halen tartışmalıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2015–2024 yılları arasında Düzce Üniversitesi hastanesinde acil abdominal cerrahi geçiren ≥65 yaş hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar üç yaş grubuna ayrıldı (65–74, 75–84, ≥85 yaş). Demografik, klinik, perioperatif ve postoperatif veriler toplandı. Otuz günlük mortaliteyi öngören faktörleri belirlemek için çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizi uygulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 98 hasta dahil edildi (65–74 yaş, n=45; 75–84 yaş, n=35; ≥85 yaş, n=18). Genel 30 günlük mortalite oranı %14,3 olup alt gruplarda sırasıyla %15,6, %20,0 ve %16,7 olarak bulundu. Postoperatif komplikasyonlar 29 hastada (%29,6) görüldü ve 34 hasta (%34,7) yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul edildi. Çok değişkenli analizde ileri yaş, yüksek ASA skoru ve uzamış ameliyat süresi bağımsız olarak mortalite riskini artırırken, komorbidite yükü yalnızca sınırda bir etki gösterdi.
Sonuç: Geriatrik hastalarda acil abdominal cerrahi, belirgin morbidite, yoğun bakım ihtiyacı ve mortalite ile ilişkilidir. Yaş mortalite riskine katkıda bulunsa da bu etki sınırlı olup ASA durumu ve ameliyat süresi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu kırılgan hasta grubunda doğru risk sınıflandırması ve optimal perioperatif bakım için hem kronolojik yaşın hem de perioperatif faktörlerin bütüncül olarak değerlendirilmesi gereklidir.

Keywords

Acil abdominal cerrahi , geriatrik hastalar , postoperatif komplikasyonlar , mortalite , risk faktörleri

Ethical Statement

This retrospective study was approved by the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval date: 25 August 2025, decision no: 2025/213). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to its retrospective nature, informed consent was waived, and all patient data were anonymized prior to analysis.

Mortality and Complication Rates After Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis in Geriatric Age Groups

Abstract

Aim: The growing geriatric population faces high morbidity and mortality after emergency abdominal surgery. While age is often regarded as a risk factor, whether chronological age itself or accompanying perioperative variables primarily drive adverse outcomes remains debated.
Material and Methods: Patients aged ≥65 years who underwent emergency abdominal surgery at Düzce University between 2015 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were stratified into three age groups (65–74, 75–84, ≥85 years). Demographic, clinical, perioperative, and postoperative data were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of 30-day mortality.
Results: A total of 98 patients were included (65–74 years, n=45; 75–84 years, n=35; ≥85 years, n=18). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 14.3%, with subgroup rates of 15.6%, 20.0%, and 16.7%, respectively. Postoperative complications occurred in 29 patients (29.6%), and 34 patients (34.7%) required ICU admission. In multivariable analysis, advancing age, higher ASA score, and prolonged operative time were independently associated with increased mortality risk, whereas comorbidity burden showed only a borderline effect.
Conclusion: Emergency abdominal surgery in geriatric patients is associated with substantial morbidity, ICU utilization, and mortality. Although age contributed to mortality risk, its effect was modest and closely interrelated with ASA status and operative duration. A comprehensive assessment that incorporates both chronological age and perioperative factors is essential for accurate risk stratification and optimal perioperative care in this vulnerable population.

Keywords

Emergency abdominal surgery , geriatric patients , postoperative complications , mortality , risk factors

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