Research Article
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Aggression and Coping Strategies in Young Adults with Internet Gaming Disorder Symptoms

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 199 - 202, 17.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1108620

Abstract

Aim: It was aimed to investigate the effects of internet addiction, coping strategies and, aggression on the severity of internet gaming disorder symptoms in young adults with internet gaming behavior.
Material and Methods: Material and Methods: After the mental state examination and SCID-5/CV evaluation, 54 male and 56 female young adults between the ages of 18-25 were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Young's Internet Addiction Test Short Form, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale Short Form, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Stress Coping Inventory were applied to the participants.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.0±2.36. The mean age of the female participants was 20.14±2.36, and the mean age of the male participants was 19.85±2.37, and no statistically significant difference was observed. It was found that the scores of males on The Young’s Internet Addiction Test and The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale were significantly higher than females. According to the results of the stepwise regression analysis, Internet addiction and physical aggression scores were determined as positive predictors on game addiction, while seeking outside help was found to be a negative predictor.
Conclusion: The factors associated with internet gaming disorder appear to be complex processes that affect each other both in cause and effect. Coping strategies and aggression characteristics should be evaluated in understanding individuals with internet gaming disorders and developing appropriate intervention strategies. For a better understanding of Internet gaming disorder, prospective studies with large participants and a control group are needed.

References

  • Black DW, Coryell WH, Crowe RR, McCormick B, Shaw MC, Allen J. A direct, controlled, blind family study of DSM-IV pathological gambling. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013; 75(3): 215-21.
  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5TM. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.;2013.
  • Starcevic V. Is Internet addiction a useful concept? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2013; 47(1): 16-9.
  • Andreetta J, Teh MSc J, Burleigh TL, Gomez R, Stavropoulos V. Associations between comorbid stress and Internet Gaming Disorder symptoms: Are there cultural and gender variations? Asia‐Pacific Psychiatry. 2020;1 2(2): e12387.
  • Stavropoulos V, Adams BL, Beard CL, Dumble E, Trawley S, Gomez R, et al. Associations between attention deficit hyperactivity and internet gaming disorder symptoms: Is there consistency across types of symptoms, gender and countries? Addict Behav Rep. 2019; 9: 100158.
  • Kiraly O, Griffiths MD, Urban R, Farkas J, Kökönyei G, Elekes Z, et al. Problematic internet use and problematic online gaming are not the same: Findings from a large nationally representative adolescent sample. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2014; 17(12): 749-54.
  • Widyanto L, Griffiths M. ‘Internet addiction’: a critical review. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2006; 4(1): 31-51.
  • Kim EJ, Namkoong K, Ku T, Kim SJ. The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits. European psychiatry. 2008; 23(3): 212-8.
  • Lemmens JS, Valkenburg PM, Peter J. The effects of pathological gaming on aggressive behavior. J Youth Adolesc. 2011; 40(1): 38-47.
  • Young K. Understanding online gaming addiction and treatment issues for adolescents. The American journal of family therapy. 2009; 37(5): 355-72.
  • McMahon EM, Corcoran P, McAuliffe C, Keeley H, Perry IJ, Arensman E. Mediating effects of coping style on associations between mental health factors and self-harm among adolescents. Crisis. 2013; 34(4): 1-9.
  • Weinstein A, Lejoyeux M. Internet addiction or excessive internet use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2010; 36(5): 277-83.
  • Whang LS-M, Lee S, Chang G. Internet over-users' psychological profiles: a behavior sampling analysis on internet addiction. Cyberpsychology & behavior. 2003; 6(2): 143-50.
  • Tang J, Yu Y, Du Y, Ma Y, Zhang D, Wang J. Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with stressful life events and psychological symptoms among adolescent internet users. Addict Behav. 2014; 39(3): 744-7.
  • Gentile DA, Choo H, Liau A, Sim T, Li D, Fung D, et al. Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(2): 319-29.
  • Tejeiro RA, Gomez-Vallecillo JL, Pelegrina M, Wallace A, Emberley E. Risk factors associated with the abuse of video games in adolescents. Psychology. 2012; 3(4): 310.
  • Wan C-S, Chiou W-B. Psychological motives and online games addiction: Atest of flow theory and humanistic needs theory for taiwanese adolescents. CyberPsychology & Behavior. 2006; 9(3): 317-24.
  • Elbir M, Alp Topbaş Ö, Bayad S, Kocabaş T, Topak OZ, Çetin Ş ve ark. DSM-5 bozuklukları için yapılandırılmış klinik görüşmenin klinisyen versiyonunun türkçeye uyarlanması ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2019; 30(1): 51-6.
  • Pawlikowski M, Altstötter-Gleich C, Brand M. Validation and psychometric properties of a short version of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. Comput Human Behav. 2013; 29(3): 1212-23.
  • Kutlu M, Savcı M, Demir Y, Aysan F. Young internet bağımlılığı testi kısa formunun Türkçe uyarlaması: Üniversite öğrencileri ve ergenlerde geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2016; 17(1): 69-76.
  • Pontes HM, Griffiths MD. Measuring DSM-5 Internet gaming disorder: Development and validation of a short psychometric scale. Comput Human Behav. 2015; 45: 137-43.
  • Arıcak OT, Dinç M, Yay M, Griffiths MD. İnternet oyun oynama bozukluğu ölçeği kısa formu’nun (İOOBÖ9-KF) Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions. 2019; 6(1): 1-22.
  • Madran HAD. Buss-Perry saldırganlık ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi. 2012; 24(2): 1-6.
  • Özbay Y, Şahin B. Stresle başaçıkma tutumları envanteri: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. IV Ulusal Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Kongresi Ankara. 1997:1-3.
  • Şahin NH, Durak A. Stresle başa çıkma tarzları ölçeği: Üniversite öğrencileri için uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi. 1995; 10(34): 56-73.
  • Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, Chen S-H, Yen C-F. Gender differences and related factors affecting online gaming addiction among Taiwanese adolescents. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2005; 193(4): 273-7.
  • Kelleci M, Güler N, Sezer H, Gölbası Z. Lise öğrencilerinde internet kullanma süresinin cinsiyet ve psikiyatrik belirtiler ile ilişkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2009; 8(3): 223-30.
  • Müller KW, Janikian M, Dreier M, Wölfling K, Beutel M, Tzavara C, et al. Regular gaming behavior and internet gaming disorder in European adolescents: results from a cross-national representative survey of prevalence, predictors, and psychopathological correlates. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015; 24(5): 565-74.
  • Griffiths MD. The role of context in online gaming excess and addiction: Some case study evidence. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2010; 8(1): 119-25.
  • Calado F, Alexandre J, Griffiths MD. Mom, Dad it’s only a game! Perceived gambling and gaming behaviors among adolescents and young adults: An exploratory study. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2014; 12(6): 772-94.
  • Beard CL, Wickham RE. Gaming-contingent self-worth, gaming motivation, and internet gaming disorder. Comput Human Behav. 2016; 61: 507-15.
  • Hussain Z, Griffiths MD. The attitudes, feelings, and experiences of online gamers: A qualitative analysis. CyberPsychology & Behavior. 2009; 12(6): 747-53.
  • Schmit S, Chauchard E, Chabrol H, Sejourne N. Evaluation of the characteristics of addiction to online video games among adolescents and young adults. L'Encephale. 2011; 37(3): 217-23.
  • Jeong EJ, Kim DH. Social activities, self-efficacy, game attitudes, and game addiction. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2011; 14(4): 213-21.
  • Schneider LA, King DL, Delfabbro PH. Maladaptive coping styles in adolescents with Internet gaming disorder symptoms. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2018; 16(4): 905-16.
  • Griffiths M. Online video gaming: what should educational psychologists know? Educational psychology in practice. 2010; 26(1): 35-40.
  • Jansz J, Tanis M. Appeal of playing online first person shooter games. Cyberpsychology & behavior. 2007; 10(1): 133-6.
  • Bonnaire C, Phan O. Relationships between parental attitudes, family functioning and Internet gaming disorder in adolescents attending school. Psychiatry Research. 2017; 255: 104-10.
  • Boran E. Ergenlerin çevrimiçi oyun bağımlılığı ve başa çıkma stratejileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Konya: Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2020.
  • Lee SY, Lee HK, Choo H. Typology of Internet gaming disorder and its clinical implications. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2017; 71(7): 479-91.

İnternette Oyun Oynama Bozukluğu Belirtileri Olan Genç Erişkinlerde Agresyon ve Başa Çıkma Stratejileri

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 199 - 202, 17.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1108620

Abstract

Amaç: İnternette oyun oynama davranışı olan genç erişkinlerde internet bağımlılığı, başa çıkma stratejileri ile agresyon ve saldırganlığın internette oyun oynama bozukluğu belirtilerinin şiddeti üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ruhsal durum muayenesi ve SCID-5/CV değerlendirmesi sonrasında 18-25 yaş aralığında 54 erkek ve 56 kadın genç erişkin çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara, Sosyodemografik veri formu, Young İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi Kısa Formu, İnternet Oyun Oynama Bozukluğu Ölçeği Kısa Formu, Buss-Perry Saldırganlık Ölçeği, Stresle Başa Çıkma Tutumları Envanteri uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 20,0±2,36’dır. Kadın katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 20,14±2,36, erkek katılımcıların yaş ortalaması ise 19,85±2,37 olarak saptanmış olup aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamı farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Erkeklerin kadınlara göre İnternette Oyun Oynama Bozukluğu Ölçeği ve Young İnternet Bağımlılığı testinden aldıkları puanların anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Stepwise Regresyon analizi sonucuna göre internet bağımlılığı ve fiziksel agresyon skorları oyun bağımlılığı üzerine pozitif yordayıcı faktörler olarak saptanmış iken dış yardım arama negatif yordayıcı faktör olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: İnternette oyun oynama bozukluğu ile ilişkilendirilen faktörler hem neden, hem de sonuç olarak birbirlerini etkileyen, karmaşık süreçler gibi gözükmektedir. İnternette oyun oynama bozukluğu olan bireylerin anlaşılmasında ve buna uygun müdahale stratejilerinin geliştirilmesinde başa çıkma stratejileri ve agresyon özellikleri değerlendirilmelidir. İnternette oyun oynama bozukluğunun daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için prospektif nitelikte, geniş katılımcılarla gerçekleştirilecek ve kontrol grubu içeren çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • Black DW, Coryell WH, Crowe RR, McCormick B, Shaw MC, Allen J. A direct, controlled, blind family study of DSM-IV pathological gambling. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013; 75(3): 215-21.
  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5TM. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.;2013.
  • Starcevic V. Is Internet addiction a useful concept? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2013; 47(1): 16-9.
  • Andreetta J, Teh MSc J, Burleigh TL, Gomez R, Stavropoulos V. Associations between comorbid stress and Internet Gaming Disorder symptoms: Are there cultural and gender variations? Asia‐Pacific Psychiatry. 2020;1 2(2): e12387.
  • Stavropoulos V, Adams BL, Beard CL, Dumble E, Trawley S, Gomez R, et al. Associations between attention deficit hyperactivity and internet gaming disorder symptoms: Is there consistency across types of symptoms, gender and countries? Addict Behav Rep. 2019; 9: 100158.
  • Kiraly O, Griffiths MD, Urban R, Farkas J, Kökönyei G, Elekes Z, et al. Problematic internet use and problematic online gaming are not the same: Findings from a large nationally representative adolescent sample. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2014; 17(12): 749-54.
  • Widyanto L, Griffiths M. ‘Internet addiction’: a critical review. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2006; 4(1): 31-51.
  • Kim EJ, Namkoong K, Ku T, Kim SJ. The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits. European psychiatry. 2008; 23(3): 212-8.
  • Lemmens JS, Valkenburg PM, Peter J. The effects of pathological gaming on aggressive behavior. J Youth Adolesc. 2011; 40(1): 38-47.
  • Young K. Understanding online gaming addiction and treatment issues for adolescents. The American journal of family therapy. 2009; 37(5): 355-72.
  • McMahon EM, Corcoran P, McAuliffe C, Keeley H, Perry IJ, Arensman E. Mediating effects of coping style on associations between mental health factors and self-harm among adolescents. Crisis. 2013; 34(4): 1-9.
  • Weinstein A, Lejoyeux M. Internet addiction or excessive internet use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2010; 36(5): 277-83.
  • Whang LS-M, Lee S, Chang G. Internet over-users' psychological profiles: a behavior sampling analysis on internet addiction. Cyberpsychology & behavior. 2003; 6(2): 143-50.
  • Tang J, Yu Y, Du Y, Ma Y, Zhang D, Wang J. Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with stressful life events and psychological symptoms among adolescent internet users. Addict Behav. 2014; 39(3): 744-7.
  • Gentile DA, Choo H, Liau A, Sim T, Li D, Fung D, et al. Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(2): 319-29.
  • Tejeiro RA, Gomez-Vallecillo JL, Pelegrina M, Wallace A, Emberley E. Risk factors associated with the abuse of video games in adolescents. Psychology. 2012; 3(4): 310.
  • Wan C-S, Chiou W-B. Psychological motives and online games addiction: Atest of flow theory and humanistic needs theory for taiwanese adolescents. CyberPsychology & Behavior. 2006; 9(3): 317-24.
  • Elbir M, Alp Topbaş Ö, Bayad S, Kocabaş T, Topak OZ, Çetin Ş ve ark. DSM-5 bozuklukları için yapılandırılmış klinik görüşmenin klinisyen versiyonunun türkçeye uyarlanması ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2019; 30(1): 51-6.
  • Pawlikowski M, Altstötter-Gleich C, Brand M. Validation and psychometric properties of a short version of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. Comput Human Behav. 2013; 29(3): 1212-23.
  • Kutlu M, Savcı M, Demir Y, Aysan F. Young internet bağımlılığı testi kısa formunun Türkçe uyarlaması: Üniversite öğrencileri ve ergenlerde geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2016; 17(1): 69-76.
  • Pontes HM, Griffiths MD. Measuring DSM-5 Internet gaming disorder: Development and validation of a short psychometric scale. Comput Human Behav. 2015; 45: 137-43.
  • Arıcak OT, Dinç M, Yay M, Griffiths MD. İnternet oyun oynama bozukluğu ölçeği kısa formu’nun (İOOBÖ9-KF) Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions. 2019; 6(1): 1-22.
  • Madran HAD. Buss-Perry saldırganlık ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi. 2012; 24(2): 1-6.
  • Özbay Y, Şahin B. Stresle başaçıkma tutumları envanteri: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. IV Ulusal Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Kongresi Ankara. 1997:1-3.
  • Şahin NH, Durak A. Stresle başa çıkma tarzları ölçeği: Üniversite öğrencileri için uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi. 1995; 10(34): 56-73.
  • Ko C-H, Yen J-Y, Chen C-C, Chen S-H, Yen C-F. Gender differences and related factors affecting online gaming addiction among Taiwanese adolescents. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2005; 193(4): 273-7.
  • Kelleci M, Güler N, Sezer H, Gölbası Z. Lise öğrencilerinde internet kullanma süresinin cinsiyet ve psikiyatrik belirtiler ile ilişkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2009; 8(3): 223-30.
  • Müller KW, Janikian M, Dreier M, Wölfling K, Beutel M, Tzavara C, et al. Regular gaming behavior and internet gaming disorder in European adolescents: results from a cross-national representative survey of prevalence, predictors, and psychopathological correlates. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015; 24(5): 565-74.
  • Griffiths MD. The role of context in online gaming excess and addiction: Some case study evidence. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2010; 8(1): 119-25.
  • Calado F, Alexandre J, Griffiths MD. Mom, Dad it’s only a game! Perceived gambling and gaming behaviors among adolescents and young adults: An exploratory study. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2014; 12(6): 772-94.
  • Beard CL, Wickham RE. Gaming-contingent self-worth, gaming motivation, and internet gaming disorder. Comput Human Behav. 2016; 61: 507-15.
  • Hussain Z, Griffiths MD. The attitudes, feelings, and experiences of online gamers: A qualitative analysis. CyberPsychology & Behavior. 2009; 12(6): 747-53.
  • Schmit S, Chauchard E, Chabrol H, Sejourne N. Evaluation of the characteristics of addiction to online video games among adolescents and young adults. L'Encephale. 2011; 37(3): 217-23.
  • Jeong EJ, Kim DH. Social activities, self-efficacy, game attitudes, and game addiction. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2011; 14(4): 213-21.
  • Schneider LA, King DL, Delfabbro PH. Maladaptive coping styles in adolescents with Internet gaming disorder symptoms. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2018; 16(4): 905-16.
  • Griffiths M. Online video gaming: what should educational psychologists know? Educational psychology in practice. 2010; 26(1): 35-40.
  • Jansz J, Tanis M. Appeal of playing online first person shooter games. Cyberpsychology & behavior. 2007; 10(1): 133-6.
  • Bonnaire C, Phan O. Relationships between parental attitudes, family functioning and Internet gaming disorder in adolescents attending school. Psychiatry Research. 2017; 255: 104-10.
  • Boran E. Ergenlerin çevrimiçi oyun bağımlılığı ve başa çıkma stratejileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Konya: Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2020.
  • Lee SY, Lee HK, Choo H. Typology of Internet gaming disorder and its clinical implications. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2017; 71(7): 479-91.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Muhammet Hakan Aksu This is me 0000-0003-2930-5337

Fatih Yığman This is me 0000-0001-6052-7662

Esengül Ekici This is me 0000-0002-5227-798X

Publication Date May 17, 2022
Submission Date January 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Aksu MH, Yığman F, Ekici E. İnternette Oyun Oynama Bozukluğu Belirtileri Olan Genç Erişkinlerde Agresyon ve Başa Çıkma Stratejileri. VHS. 2022;12(2):199-202.